TidBITS Issue #898

Macs & Mac OS X | 25 Sep 2007 | Listen

MacBook, MacBook Pro Software Update 1.0 Enables Journaling

Apple has released MacBook, MacBook Pro Software Update 1.0 to enable journaling on the hard disks of the latest laptop models.Show full article

Media Creation | 28 Sep 2007 | Listen

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iLife '08 Updated, iMovie Improved

by Jeff Carlson

Apple has released iLife Support 8.1, iPhoto 7.1, iDVD 7.0.1, GarageBand 4.1, and iWeb 2.0.2, but the most significant improvement to the iLife '08 suite is iMovie 7.1, which fills in some gaps left open in the transition between iMovie HD 6 and the rewritten iMovie.Show full article

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Apple released updates for iLife '08 last week, fixing bugs in most of the applications but also significantly addressing some of iMovie's shortfalls (see "A Few Important iMovie '08 Notes," 2007-09-07). The updates are available via Software Update or as stand-alone downloads; they all require iLife Support 8.1 (7 MB download), which updates shared components.

Some of the changes in iMovie 7.1 (44.6 MB download) restore features from iMovie HD 6 that didn't cross over to the new iMovie 7 (which was created from scratch). It can now create still frames from video, select multiple clips, set a custom duration for audio fades, and perform frame-level trimming. Other improvements simply make sense, such as changing the duration of still photos or transitions without going into the Preferences dialog, controlling the level of ducking (dropping the audio volume to make way for other overlapping audio), and displaying the current playhead time when Playhead Info is activated. Apple also claims performance improvements when switching between iMovie Events.

iMovie 7.1 also restores timecode to the application. Previously, footage was referred to only in increments of tenths of a second, which I suppose is more comprehensible to video editing novices and also seems to be the approach favored by tapeless camcorders that record to memory cards or internal hard disks. But the rest of the video world uses timecode, which expresses footage as minutes:seconds:frames, with each second comprising 30 frames for NTSC video or 25 frames for PAL video. A new Display Timecodes setting in Preferences activates the feature.

In terms of the other iLife '08 applications, iPhoto 7.1 (59.3 MB update) fixes issues with stability and moving photos between events, and adds new greeting card themes in anticipation of the holiday season. iDVD 7.0.1 (18.6 MB download) appears to be just a bug-fix update. GarageBand 4.1 (46.1 MB download) addresses problems with third-party audio software, display issues, and the Magic GarageBand feature. iWeb 2.0.2 (17 MB download) addresses upgrading iWeb 1.x sites and fixes "some common publishing problems."

Macs & Mac OS X | 27 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Apple Updates iWork '08 and Core 2 Duo Mac Firmware

by Jeff Carlson

Continuing its recent update spree, Apple has released Keynote 4.0.1, Pages 3.0.1, and Numbers 1.0.1, as well as firmware updates for its Macs that run Intel Core 2 Duo processors.Show full article

Business Apps | 25 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Inching Towards Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac

by Glenn Fleishman

Microsoft announces when Office 2008 for Mac will ship - and, surprise, it's in 2008. Also, pricing and upgrade protection are revealed.Show full article

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Microsoft's Macintosh Business Unit (MacBU) has announced the shipping date, pricing, and upgrade path for the next major revision of Office for Mac. The now appropriately named Office 2008 will ship 15-Jan-08 for prices ranging from $149.95 to $499.95, depending on version. The standard package of Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Entourage - including Exchange Server support - will list for $399.95, with an upgrade costing $239.95.

The Home and Student Edition includes just the four core applications and runs $149.95; there is no upgrade pricing. This is the first time Microsoft has advertised a plain version of Office intended for the home, too, as opposed to a student edition that educators, academic staff, students, and parents of students could purchase.

The Home and Student Edition may be intended to put Office up against Apple's $79 iWork suite, which now competes head-to-head with Office in word processing (Pages versus Word), presentation (Keynote versus PowerPoint), and spreadsheet capabilities (Numbers versus Excel). Although Office also comes with Entourage for email, contacts, and calendaring, those functions are built into Mac OS X in the form of Mail, Address Book, and iCal.

A Special Media Edition ($499.95 full version, $299.95 for the upgrade) adds the digital asset management tool Expression Media, Microsoft's rebranding of iView MediaPro, acquired last year (see "Microsoft Buys iView Multimedia," 2006-07-03).

If you purchase any edition of Office 2004 for Mac starting 25-Sep-07, you qualify for a $10-plus-tax upgrade to Office 2008's comparable version. This is an attempt by the MacBU to avoid sales being cannibalized by the announcement of the next release's shipping date.

The press release that accompanied the announcements says that upgrade pricing is available for any "legally licensed users of previous versions," which we have confirmed includes owners of versions of Office before Office 2004.

Office 2008 will look and work in a manner that's somewhat different from Office 2004, much in the way that Office 2007 for Windows broke the previous mold. Reviews of Office for Windows said that while the new approach wasn't necessarily worse, it wasn't better, either, and required relearning everything one ever did in Office for Windows. The revision to Office for Mac seems less severe, but we'll see if the release version still induces learning-curve vertigo.

Blog Post | 28 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Cheap UK Wi-Fi Access Offered for iPod touch

by Glenn Fleishman

It's not free, but if you're a UK iPod touch user, you might want to look into The Cloud's inexpensive Wi-Fi access plan.Show full article

iPhone iPad iPod | 27 Sep 2007 | Listen

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iPhone 1.1.1 Adds Features and Updates Security

by Glenn Fleishman and Jeff Carlson

A new firmware release for the iPhone fixes numerous security problems, while adding subtle features, such as the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store, and a switch that lets you avoid expensive overseas data charges.Show full article

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For our money (and we were two of those early purchasers who bought iPhones before Apple lowered the price $200), one of the best features of the iPhone is its upgradability. Since the iPhone runs OS X, there's room to add features as well as fix bugs; the latest version does both.

iPhone 1.1.1 is now available via iTunes (it's a 152.3 MB update): the next time you connect your iPhone, click the Check for Updates button if you're not automatically prompted about the update. Note that if you've unlocked your iPhone to use a provider other than AT&T, installing the update may make your phone inoperable (more on this issue below).

This version adds a few niceties introduced with the iPod touch, such as the capability to double-tap the Home button to bring up either the list of favorite contacts or iPod playback controls (avoiding the need to navigate to either from the Home screen), and the new iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store for purchasing music directly from the phone over a Wi-Fi network (see "Apple Introduces iPod Touch, Wi-Fi iTunes Store, and New iPods," 2007-09-07). (Apple has also posted a video demonstrating the new features.)

Other feature changes include the capability to double-tap the spacebar to insert a period and space, turn off EDGE/GPRS when roaming internationally (no doubt in response to several instances where people received huge bills; see "iPhone Billing and International Issues," 2007-09-07), view Mail attachments in portrait or landscape mode, view iPhone video on a television in TV Out mode, and adjust alert volumes. The speakerphone and receiver volumes are also reportedly louder, stocks and cities can be re-ordered in the Stocks and Weather applications, and the Apple Bluetooth Headset's battery status appears in the Status Bar.

A few undocumented features have been uncovered, such as the capability to change your voicemail password from the iPhone and change the alert sound for new text messages, a debug console for Safari, and new video playback options including closed-captioning for movies that support it.

We also uncovered a couple of improvements in VPN support for those who like to make sure their Wi-Fi data isn't being snooped when using an iPhone on public networks.

Apple fixed a bug that wouldn't allow proper entry of strong passwords for a VPN after initial setup. In iPhone firmware 1.0.0 to 1.0.2, you could properly set up the details of a VPN connection in Settings > General > Network > VPN > Settings with the password left blank - the display reads "Ask Every Time" in gray. But when you went to enter the password to connect using the VPN switch that's added to the main Settings screen, instead of a full keyboard, the iPhone would show just a telephone-style keypad. Thus, alphanumeric passwords couldn't be used. That's fixed.

Apple also added support for RSA SecureID cards, a way of generating a constantly changing unique additional factor for connecting securely using a small keychain-sized fob you carry around. This is usually a two-factor method - password plus this separate token generated by the fob - but this implementation seems to be set up where you're prompted for the token after the VPN server is contacted.

A number of security updates were rolled into this release, as well, repairing vulnerabilities in Mail, Safari, and Bluetooth.

Incompatibilities -- Glenn had modified his iPhone using Nullriver's AppTapp installer to install third-party programs. As a result, his iPhone wasn't initially happy about the update. (AppTapp isn't compatible with iPhone 1.1.1.) He had to force restart his iPhone - holding down both the power and Home buttons for about 10 seconds - and then choose a full restore. Fortunately, he had settings backed up to his work computer, even though he syncs to his home machine. This enabled the iPhone to relearn its phone number and be generally useful (if out of date) until he returned home for a fresh sync. Clearly, it's a good idea to sync and perform a backup before trying the update!

Some people who unlocked their iPhones to work with providers other than AT&T, however, discovered that the iPhone 1.1.1 update rendered the phones inoperable (in line with Apple's warnings earlier in the week that the update could "brick" the devices). Over the weekend, a method of reverting back to the 1.0.2 version of the iPhone's firmware was discovered, so the dead iPhones might be only "mostly dead" (to quote Miracle Max).

For more discussion of Apple's bricklaying, see "Staff Roundtable: Apple Should Do No Harm to iPhones," 2007-09-28.

Tech News | 26 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Apple Expo Paris 2007 Impressions

by Joe Kissell

What happens when a veteran of umpteen Macworld Expos visits Apple Expo in Paris? Are Mac vendors more exciting in French?Show full article

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In the years that I've been a professional Mac geek, I've attended Macworld an untold number of times - in San Francisco, Boston, and New York. In fact, for part of the time I was living in San Francisco, my apartment was within walking distance of Moscone Center, so I could just saunter down the road whenever a big Apple event came to town. Even events in Cupertino were not hard to reach. Now, living in Paris, I've traded proximity to Apple for a view of the Eiffel Tower (that is trading up, in case you were wondering). But I was happy to discover that I could still get my annual Mac trade show fix by going to Apple Expo, which this year ran from 25-Sep-07 to 29-Sep-07. I attended the show for a few hours on each of three days, enough to get a clear sense of what it was like. If you've ever wondered what a big Apple convention in France might look like, allow me to give you a small taste.

Mac(world) mini -- My first clue that this expo might be on a somewhat smaller scale than Macworld came when I signed up online a few weeks ago. Entrance was free, though I would have had to pay 12 euros (about $17) if I'd shown up without a pre-registration form - and that was for the entire conference. (By contrast, a Platinum Pass to see every last bit of Macworld Expo runs as high as $1,895.) Not that I'm complaining, of course.

I took the mΘtro to the outskirts of town where the conference is held - about a half hour's ride from my apartment. Sure enough, there was the gigantic Apple Expo sign on the front of the convention center. In the parking lot were cars, scooters, and motorcycles with Apple logos on them, and folks handing out flyers about this and the other Mac product.

Once I converted my pre-registration form into a badge, I walked into the exhibit hall (stopping for a barcode scan on the way in). The very first thing I saw was a Macally booth, much like the ones I've seen countless times at Macworld. My wife, Morgen, was with me the first day, and we decided we'd methodically tackle the big room by walking slowly up and down each aisle, stopping as needed at any intriguing booths, until we saw everything of interest. Including a break for lunch, that took us only 2 hours.

Although the room had looked big at first, by the time we walked through it we realized it was considerably smaller than the larger exhibit hall at Moscone. And that single room was the entire expo. No keynote speeches, classes, seminars, or symposiums going on in other rooms - just the vendors' exhibits. Apple did offer a series of daily workshops on topics ranging from iLife to Logic Pro, and some of the exhibitors (such as Quark and Adobe) had periodic hands-on, classroom-style training sessions in their booths, which also happens at Macworld. But I'm just saying: it was an expo, not a conference.

As someone who has seen most of these products many times before, I found the exhibits unexciting for the most part. But the majority of the attendees seemed to be quite enthusiastic. The aisles were packed, and although I haven't heard attendance estimates, vendors I spoke to felt that the show was a rousing success, and nearly every booth had a constant mob of people looking at whatever product was being shown.

Apple, naturally, had a large booth, at which they highlighted the new iPods, iLife '08, iWork '08, and the new aluminum iMacs. A separate large booth was devoted to the Apple Store - currently in France, Apple has only an online store and no physical retail stores, though there have been rumors that one is planned. A few other resellers also had booths where computers, accessories, and software were on sale. The rest of the show floor had an assortment of vendors from all over the world - lots of American companies, lots of French companies (including several I'd never heard of before), and a few from Asia and elsewhere in Europe.

Numerous booths were showing (and even selling) accessories for the iPhone, despite the fact that iPhones are not yet shipping in France (in fact, Apple has not even announced a shipping date or pricing details yet). One vendor told me that lots of eager Europeans have been buying iPhones on eBay or from other sources in the United States, presumably using one of the numerous unlocking hacks in order to operate them on one of the regional carriers here with an existing SIM card.

Most of the signs, software, and demonstrations were in French, which is as it should be. A few booths - Apple's included - had all their signs in English only, which struck me as rather odd. Nevertheless, there were quite a few Americans and Britons on the show floor, both as exhibitors and as attendees, and most of the people there appeared to have some facility in English as well as French. Some American companies without their own French employees hired locals to work the booths and give product demos in French. (Side note: We saw very few women at the show who were not vendors or "booth babes"; in fact, when Morgen walked in, the guy at the door scanned her badge and, without looking up, said, "Bonjour, monsieur." He was embarrassed when he realized his mistake, but who could have predicted an actual female attendee?)

You Know You're in Another Country When... -- Apart from the fact that the room was filled with "ordinateurs" instead of "computers," Apple Expo seemed, superficially, to be just like any other trade show I've been to. But every once in a while we saw something that made us smile or grimace, indicating that we were clearly in a place where different rules apply.

We smiled, for example, when we went to one of the snack stands for lunch. The sandwiches were made with freshly baked baguettes and were priced no higher than what we'd have paid at any sidewalk cafΘ; the coffee was real coffee. Yes, the French take lunch seriously, even at a convention center.

We grimaced (well, more like gasped) when we saw the huge backdrop for the Crumpler Bags booth. Needless to say, you would never, ever see an image like this at an American trade show. The sign reads (in English) "Crumpler Makes You Sexy." Although a couple of people's heads (thankfully) obscure part of the photo, it depicts a man entirely naked except for a helmet - and a laptop case that he seems inordinately fond of.

Oh, and Some New Products Too -- In the past, Steve Jobs has sometimes shown up at Apple Expo to give a keynote speech and make product introductions, but not this year. A few companies chose to roll out new products at the expo, though compared to the usual long list of announcements at a January Macworld Expo, this list is rather brief. The most interesting new product announcements were the following:

Aquafadas Products: Aquafadas is best known for a hard-to-describe program called PulpMotion. If you imagine the sorts of slideshows iPhoto creates, and make them fancier and more elaborate by an order of magnitude, that begins to approach what PulpMotion offers. At the show, Aquafadas demonstrated BannerZest, which is somewhat like PulpMotion except that instead of saving its slideshows as QuickTime movies or packaged in a stand-alone player, it converts them to Flash animations for inclusion on a Web page (and integrates easily with the new version of iWeb). BannerZest goes on sale in October for 29 euros. Also demonstrated were VideoPier (39 euros), which provides iLife compatibility for certain MPEG-2 camcorders that would otherwise be unsupported, and a Pro version of PulpMotion (129 euros), which adds greater levels of control and flexibility. Although PulpMotion Pro and BannerZest aren't yet shipping, Aquafadas is offering special Apple Expo prices through next week on pre-orders of either of two bundles, which also include their iDive video cataloguing software. Note that the page showing the discounted bundles is in French only.
EyeTV 2.5: Elgato Systems was demonstrating the new version of EyeTV, which can now stream video from your Mac's add-on tuner to an iPhone or an iPod touch over Wi-Fi. The new Apple toys weren't on public display, but an Elgato rep kindly offered to show them to me in a back room. I was quite impressed by what I saw - perfectly smooth video on pocket iGadgets, streamed wirelessly. (Yeah, gotta get me one of those. Soon, I hope.) I asked whether the streaming was limited to local Wi-Fi networks or whether EyeTV could do the Slingbox trick of streaming video remotely over the Internet too. Short answer: it can be done - I saw video streaming from an EyeTV-equipped Mac in Munich to an iPhone in Paris. Though this sort of feature is not officially supported or endorsed, sufficiently geeky and motivated people should be able to discover the relevant hacks on the Web with relative ease. (And they won't void your warranty or brick your phone, either!)
FileGuard X4: Paris-based Intego introduced FileGuard X4, a $49.95 encryption tool that enables you to create "safes" for various kinds of sensitive files, such as email messages and iChat logs.
Iomega Hard Drives: Iomega introduced eight new external hard drives, in various shapes, sizes, capacities, and interface configurations. My favorite is the 160 GB Red eGo Hi-Speed USB 2.0 Portable Hard Drive, which is shaped sort of like a pocket flask. eBooze not included.
Microsoft Office 2008: As Glenn Fleishman noted in "Inching Towards Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac" (2007-09-25), Microsoft announced the pricing and ship date for Office 2008. The new office suite was being shown at the Microsoft booth. My initial impression, having not yet used the software myself: it appears to have plenty of new features I don't need, while retaining most of the bugs and limitations I've come to know and love. Perhaps that will change before January.
The Missing Sync for iPhone: Mark/Space was showing their almost-ready-to-ship software The Missing Sync for iPhone, which can do neat tricks like sync your iPhone's notes with those in Entourage or Yojimbo. The new software is scheduled to ship in Q4 2007 for $39.95.

Overall Impressions -- All in all, I found Apple Expo a bit underwhelming. I mean, it was perfectly nice - everything was shiny and new, the crowds were large, interest was high, and as far as the vendors are concerned, it was by all accounts a great success. But there didn't seem to be much substance to it, and not enough big new things to keep my attention for any length of time. In fairness, I'm a jaded veteran of umpteen Macworld Expos, so my impressions may be atypical. If you're a French Mac user, undoubtedly this would be an interesting and useful show to attend every few years. However, by no means should anyone make a special trip to France just for this show. Make a special trip to France for the food, the museums, and the history... and drop by the show if you have a free afternoon.

Entertainment | 25 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Amazon MP3 Takes on the iTunes Store

by Adam C. Engst

With the public beta of Amazon MP3, online retail giant Amazon.com is giving Apple's iTunes Store a run for its money. Is the elegance and breadth of the iTunes Store enough to beat Amazon MP3's DRM-free music, 256 Kbps encoding, and lower prices?Show full article

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Amazon.com has launched a public beta of Amazon MP3, a digital music store that provides DRM-free downloads of over 2 million songs from 180,000 artists and 20,000 labels. In comparison, Apple says the iTunes Store now contains over 6 million songs.

According to Amazon's press release, most of Amazon MP3's songs are priced between $0.89 and $0.99, with more than 1 million songs in the current catalog available at $0.89, a full $0.40 less than Apple's iTunes Plus songs. Most albums in Amazon MP3 are priced between $5.99 and $9.99, again a bit cheaper than albums in the iTunes Store, which generally check in at $9.99.

All songs in Amazon MP3 are encoded at 256 Kbps, which is comparable to iTunes Plus songs, although in theory, the iTunes Plus AAC format could provide better quality than the MP3 format used by Amazon. Because Amazon is using MP3 and avoiding DRM entirely, songs purchased from Amazon MP3 are playable on any device, including the iPhone and iPods, along with Macs, PCs, and music players from other manufacturers.

Individual tracks can be purchased directly from a Web page, but to buy an album, you must first download and install the Amazon MP3 Downloader, available for both Mac OS X and Windows (a 615K download for the Mac version). Reportedly, a Linux version is in the works.

In my testing, the Amazon MP3 Downloader worked acceptably, but it was a distinctly clumsier experience than purchasing from iTunes. Clicking a Buy button on the Amazon Web site downloaded a document to my Desktop. I believe the Amazon MP3 Downloader was supposed to open it and download the actual song, but I had to double-click the file manually, likely because Amazon wasn't expecting that I'd be using a browser other than Safari (I generally rely on OmniWeb). Once opened in Amazon MP3 Downloader, the song was downloaded to an Amazon MP3 folder in the Music folder and then sent over to iTunes, which, at least for my setup, means that it was duplicated, since I keep my iTunes Music folder on a server for shared usage and copy music to that folder when adding it to my iTunes Library.

Songs I purchased were encoded at between 208 Kbps and 256 Kbps using variable bit-rate (VBR) encoding, and the free sample song was encoded at 280 Kbps VBR. Sound quality was certainly fine to my ears, though I'm no audio connoisseur. The metadata was complete and album artwork was either included or picked up automatically by iTunes.

Not Too Shabby -- Amazon MP3 is the first online music store besides the iTunes Store that hasn't left me cold. Its advantages are very real:

No DRM. No consumer likes DRM, and although Apple wouldn't comment when I asked them for statistics on how the DRM-free tracks from EMI have sold in comparison with the DRM-encumbered versions of the same tracks, Amazon has done the right thing by eliminating it across the board. Hopefully Amazon's move will give Apple some leverage with the music labels to make more DRM-free tracks available. On the other side of the equation, the labels may be trying to use Amazon MP3 to pressure Apple into allowing variable pricing, but considering how much lower Amazon's variable pricing is, I can't see Apple changing.
iPod compatibility. Thanks to the lack of DRM, and in particular, Windows-specific DRM, songs purchased from Amazon MP3 will play on an iPod, something that has never been true for a mainstream online music retailer (other than Apple) before. (And by "mainstream," I mean a retailer who is licensing music from major labels.)
Low prices. I don't have a sense for how price-conscious the online music market really is, but with many tracks priced below even the cost of Apple's DRM-encumbered tracks, and albums priced even lower, I could see budget-driven consumers or those who buy a lot of music preferring to purchase from Amazon MP3 over the iTunes Store.
1-Click shopping. People do not like creating new accounts for shopping, but there's no question that some people shop from Amazon over other venues purely because it's such a known quantity after years of easy ordering. Ordering via Amazon MP3 isn't as easy as from the iTunes Store, but it's not far off.

I don't think Amazon MP3 will be putting the iTunes Store out of business by any stretch of the imagination. It's competitive, thanks to the lack of DRM, low prices, and ease of shopping, but it's clumsier than using iTunes, and everyone who has an iPod will be using iTunes anyway to sync music, so it's not as though Amazon can ever get as close to the iPod as Apple can. The good news is that by releasing an online music store that doesn't suck, Amazon has given Apple some real competition, and where there's competition, there's innovation.

Of course, the next question is if Amazon will translate these advantages in Amazon MP3 (no DRM, Mac-compatible, integrated with iTunes) to their Amazon Unbox video download service. Were that to happen, the iTunes Store would have significantly more competition.

iPhone iPad iPod | 28 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Staff Roundtable: Apple Should Do No Harm to iPhones

by TidBITS Staff

Apple has come under fire for "bricking" unlocked iPhones - rendering them unusable - with the latest iPhone update. Is that reasonable behavior? Our editors universally think not, and they aren't wild about the way Apple has made it difficult to develop native applications for the iPhone either.Show full article

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The recent iPhone update (see "iPhone 1.1.1 Adds Features and Updates Security," 2007-09-07) brought new features and bug fixes, but also caused widespread consternation among those who had unlocked their iPhones: the update "bricks" unlocked iPhones - a newly popular term meaning that the update has turned the iPhone into a worthless hunk o' glass and plastic. Steve Jobs even warned that this would likely be the case, saying that Apple would continue to fight those who have figured out how to unlock the iPhone. The update also broke at least some of the applications that developers have written and installed on the iPhone via unsupported hacks, but at least in those cases, the only harm is to the new applications.

So we have two levels of hacking: creating and installing native iPhone applications, and unlocking the iPhone so it can work with other SIM cards and thus other cellular carriers. Apple appears to be ignoring the application hacking while actively fighting the unlocking. Do these strategies make sense for Apple? Is it even legal to prevent unlocking in the United States? Our editors ponder the situation.

Glenn Fleishman -- For 20 years, I've said to anyone worried about installing software on a computer, "It's just software. It can't actually hurt your computer. The hardware will be fine. If you have a problem, make sure you have a backup. You won't break your computer by installing that."

Apple has changed that equation with the iPhone's latest firmware and operating system upgrade. The iPhone is a powerful little computer controlled by powerful interests. Like almost all electronics sold today, it includes a variety of kinds of firmware, the software that controls the hardware. The firmware may be stored in different places, too, with radio cards and separate modules having their own internal firmware. Part of the firmware handles the boot procedure that allows the device to load the operating system; other parts handle upgrading and installing new firmware. Because the iPhone uses non-volatile, electrically erasable memory, there should be no problem with restoring a phone that has had every manner of change applied to it, as long as the boot routines aren't affected.

The hacks that unlock an iPhone to work with other carriers write special instructions to the firmware that controls the cellular network association to allow the use of any SIM - the authentication module used on worldwide GSM cellular networks - and not just AT&T's. This shouldn't affect the bootstrapping or firmware and operating system restore process one bit.

Gizmodo posted an interview with the iPhone Dev Team, a community effort that resulted in unlocking software. In the interview, the Dev Team makes it clear that Apple could very simply have included in the update a way to check whether the code related to the lock has been modified, and rewrite it. The team says that Apple could also fairly easily restore a default state and then more securely lock the phone down. (The team is also positive they can restore bricked iPhones to a factory default state.)

I've always felt that when I buy a piece of hardware, it's mine to use and modify as I see fit. I won't go crying to the manufacturer if I engage in some specifically prohibited activity. If I disassemble my computer, install new components, and one of them fries the motherboard, I don't blame the PC maker. But I also expect most devices to be reasonably robust and to be restorable, sometimes with a lot of effort, even if it's my job to undertake that effort.

With the iPhone, I'm not hacking hardware, just software. I have few compunctions about making changes that affect only the innards. The fact that average users can install non-supported software should be unrelated to the robustness of the hardware, and its resiliency in coping with a total operating system failure or other modifications. Unlocking an iPhone is just a step beyond installing non-supported apps, but it's part of the bigger issue: who owns your phone once you've purchased it? The carrier? The maker? Or you?

Unlocking a phone is not illegal in the United States (nor in most countries). The Librarian of Congress extended an existing right by carving an exemption out of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (the awful DMCA, which I hope the Supreme Court strikes down one of these days) that allows individuals to reverse-engineer the encryption in a phone specifically to unlock it. Even though unlocking is allowed, cell carriers aren't required to make it easy for you. They can use every tool at their disposal to lock the phone.

The FCC has expressed concerns about how hard it is to unlock phones on a number of occasions, and despite its control by an administration that ostensibly supports less regulation, the FCC doesn't favor locking. In a complaint about the rules for an upcoming auction in the 700 MHz band for future cellular networks, Verizon Wireless proposed that if the FCC prohibited it from locking devices in this new band, that would be tantamount to violating the company's First Amendment rights.

Now, I hold no truck with the notion that companies have constitutional rights. That's part of the erosion of personal liberty in favor of so-called corporate rights that began in earnest in the 20th century. (You can read Peachpit Press founder Ted Nace's book "Gangs of America" on this topic; it's a free download.) But you have to admire the chutzpah that lets a cell carrier assert a constitutionally guaranteed right to prevent choice among its consumers as a matter of "speech."

The FCC replied in its rule-making on the matter, "To the extent that a choice of device or application implicates First Amendment values at all, we think that our requirements promote rather than restrict expressive freedom because they provide consumers with greater choice in the devices and applications they may use to communicate." Well put - and rather radical in its true conservatism.

All that said, I was an AT&T customer before the iPhone came out, and I have no particular desire to change carriers. I knew that it might be impossible. I also knew that there's enough dissatisfaction with the state of locked phones that there might be a combination of regulation, legislation, and hacking that would enable my choice in the future. (No matter how much a congressperson hates regulation, just read interviews with them after they've personally had problems with a phone company, a cell phone, or an airline. Precepts be damned; laws aplenty!)

I did install third-party applications on my iPhone, and it was neat to activate its underlying functions - stuff built into the iPhone's version of OS X but not enabled or reachable through the included software. Using SSH (a secure session within a terminal program) was hilariously difficult with all the typing needed; using a program for sending full-resolution photos via email was much more satisfying.

The iPhone 1.1.1 update killed my apps and temporarily bricked my iPhone. I had to perform a restore and lose my apps, and now I need to wait for the next wave of updates for allowing third-party programs to be installed.

But I still believe firmly that I have the right - and now almost the responsibility - to use my iPhone however I choose.

Matt Neuburg -- I don't have an iPhone, but I was at WWDC (Apple's annual developer conference) in June 2007, and when we were shown a film about how to "develop applications for iPhone," emotion in the huge, jam-packed room ranged from disappointed to infuriated. It turned out that "applications for iPhone" was a misleading sleight-of-hand: what you were allowed to develop were Web pages, with any functionality being implemented at the server side: the iPhone itself was to be nothing but a Web browser. But these people weren't Web developers; they were developers. They write programs. With interfaces. For computers. Every single one of them saw the iPhone as a computer, with a cool interface, and they wanted to program for it. And so did I. So, while I suppose I sympathize with Apple's position here (which might run something like: "If we let people program the iPhone, they might hack or damage the phone network, and we'll be left with egg on our faces."), I sympathize even more strongly with the people who want to write genuine iPhone apps. And I'm sad that when they find ways to do it, they're "hackers."

When apps are outlawed, only hackers will write apps.

Jeff Carlson -- I own an iPhone, but I haven't done any hacking to it, mostly because I haven't had time, but also because only recently was the process made sufficiently easy (alas, I barely speak Unix, so futzing at the command line on my new $600 phone wasn't appealing). I also was a Cingular customer before AT&T bought them, so I have no reason to unlock my iPhone (and I don't travel internationally often enough to care).

But I think Apple is being bone-headed about the whole thing. Not necessarily because they're out to annoy their customers (honestly, there have been times when it seems as if Apple barely notices its customers), but because Apple must know that it's in for a costly, extended, and ultimately losing fight. The people unlocking the iPhone are doing so because they can, and a software update that bricks (love that term) an iPhone isn't going to stop the programmers. Sure, it might be a clever game for a while to see if Apple's engineers can stay ahead of the hackers - I'm using the "hacker" term favorably here, as it's intended - but that's time spent away from improving the iPhone. And improving Mac OS X, since Apple has been reportedly swapping its coders between projects to get them done. The fact that the number of people hacking the iPhone is probably extremely small compared to the number of happy, contract-abiding customers makes it more painful to see Apple throw resources at the situation.

Unfortunately, I suspect that Apple doesn't have much choice. It entered into its agreement with AT&T, and I would bet there are sections of the legalese that warrant Apple will do its best to make sure people can't crack the iPhone and make it possible for AT&T to lose its exclusivity. Just as Apple's hands are continually tied by the record and movie industries over how they can sell music and video, the company is beholden to the outside interest of the cellular companies. We're getting great features and technologies from a company that wants to give them to us, but each compromise takes a little chunk out of Apple's corporate soul.

Joe Kissell -- I'm still waiting for iPhones to become officially available in France. I want one badly, but I have to wait and see whether the pricing and contract commitments make sense for me. I'd use the Internet features frequently, I'm sure, but I can count on one hand the number of actual phone calls I make on my cell phone in a typical month, and I hate to pay a lot of money for something that provides no value for me. For years I paid cell phone carriers far more than I should have just for the privilege of being able to use a certain number of calling minutes. Since I've been living in France, I've been getting along nicely with a prepaid SIM card that I recharge for 25 euros every two months - and even at that, I use only a fraction of the minutes I've paid for.

My point is: if it is legal and technologically possible for me to hack an iPhone in such a way that I can use another SIM card (and thus don't have to pay many tens of euros every month for service that I won't use), I may very well do exactly that. But even then, I'll do it only if I'm certain I can unbrick it should the need arise. It's not that I'm cheap, but I don't believe in wasting money - on either excessive service charges or a device that no longer functions.

On the other hand, hacking to enable third-party applications is a no-brainer for me. That will happen within the first half hour of getting an iPhone. The reason is that the availability of some of these apps (I'm thinking especially of the SSH client) adds tremendous value to the product for me. In fact, I might go so far as to say I'd have a hard time justifying the cost of an iPhone unless I can run third-party software on it. Surely I can't be alone in thinking this way. Would you still buy a Mac if it could only run the software Apple included with it?

Adam Engst -- As Guy Kawasaki noted pithily on Twitter, "Apple's gonna lose this battle." At least in the short term, unlocking the iPhone will remain the exciting challenge for hackers, and as soon as Apple blocks one hole, I expect the hackers will find another. I'm uncertain if there are additional legalities involved in the iPhone contract, but given the DMCA exemption for unlocking cell phones, any legal recourse would focus on the technicality that the exemption doesn't apply to software or distributors.

In the long term, I anticipate one of two things happening. Either Apple will negotiate contracts with other cell carriers, thus eliminating much of the desire to unlock the iPhone, or the hackers will simply tire of the cat-and-mouse game. I recently spent some time updating the security audit section of "Take Control of Your Wi-Fi Security," and I was struck by the number of cracking tools that hadn't been updated in a year or two. Apparently, many of the developers simply lost interest in keeping such tools up to date.

Regardless, I find myself agreeing with my colleagues that Apple is making a mistake here, particularly with respect to breaking the native iPhone applications. I can understand why they're doing it - Steve Jobs is notorious for wanting complete control over a platform, and there have been only minimal cracks in the iPod platform's armor so far. But the iPod, at least until the iPod touch, simply wasn't a powerful general-purpose computer under the hood, whereas the iPhone and iPod touch (and Apple TV) really can do nearly anything. Mac OS X makes it easier for Apple to add features to these devices; the company had to expect that existing Mac developers were going to want to write real applications for them too.

I can't see Apple negotiating contracts with competing cell carriers in a given market soon, if only because the current AT&T contract prohibits it (AT&T has boasted about five years of exclusivity with Apple). But Apple does have a duty to customers to do no harm to their iPhones - an iPhone update should never prevent a factory reset from being possible. Whatever the iPhone's lengthy contract may say in dense legalese, I believe it's unreasonable to assume that users who aren't familiar with the cell phone industry would understand the ramifications of unlocking an iPhone, particularly given that the act itself is legal.

Similarly, although Apple apparently attaches no importance to enabling independent applications, users (like Glenn and Joe, and many others) disagree. Apple needs to understand that the iPhone will be a platform whether or not Apple likes it, and managing that process will prove more effective and lucrative than ignoring it (or fighting it, which will just generate bad press). Perhaps Apple should learn from Microsoft, which listened to its customers and will be selling Windows XP for six months longer than previously announced, due to anemic uptake of Windows Vista.

Inside TidBITS | 27 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Take Control News: The Latest Ways of Protecting Your Data

by Adam C. Engst

Our best-selling Take Control ebook - Joe Kissell's "Take Control of Mac OS X Backups" - has just received a free update, bringing it current with the latest on Internet backup services, NDAS and Blu-ray devices, and CrashPlan. Remember, data loss is a question of "when," not "if."Show full article

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We're expecting the Leopard countdown to start any day now, but in the meantime we have yet another free update for loyal Take Control readers who have the second edition of Joe Kissell's "Take Control of Mac OS X Backups," our best-selling title of all time. If you own the first edition, you can still upgrade to the second edition for half off. In either case, click the Check for Updates button on the first page of your current PDF to access the free download or your upgrade discount.

Major changes in this update include additional information about CrashPlan, greatly expanded coverage of Internet backup services, details about using Blu-ray disc drives and NDAS devices for backup, and a number of accompanying changes to Joe's recommendations throughout.

If you haven't yet availed yourself of Joe's backup expertise, I'd say that it's never too late to start backing up, but that would be a lie. Once you've lost irreplaceable files, photos, or movies, it is too late, and I beg you, don't let that happen because you thought backups were too hard or too expensive. In this book, Joe helps you understand the elements of a successful backup strategy and describes the many software and hardware options available, giving you the tools you need to devise a custom strategy or use one of his recommended options: Saving Money, Data Safety, Ease of Use, or Compromise.

In particular, Joe discusses how the forthcoming Time Machine in Leopard might (or might not) play a role in your backup plans, the increasing attractiveness of backing up to a remote server over the Internet, and why he particularly likes Data Backup and SuperDuper as components of a backup strategy. Also, although Joe is feeling somewhat less enthused about the aging Retrospect, he still includes a 20-plus page appendix that gives specific procedures for backing up with Retrospect.

The ebook also comes with several coupons, including 50% off Data Backup 3 (save $30) and 10% off on CrashPlan or CrashPlan Pro ($2 or $6).

Inside TidBITS | 27 Sep 2007 | Listen

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Take Control News: Joe Kissell Talks Turkey

by Adam C. Engst

In this important update from Take Control, we address the pressing issue of candied sweet potato sauce compatibility with the 2007 Thanksgiving feasting season. No really. For a geekly approach, check out Joe Kissell's "Take Control of Thanksgiving Dinner," our most unusual ebook.Show full article

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If you've seen more than a few Take Control ebooks, then you've almost certainly read one of Joe Kissell's best-selling titles, full of meticulous research and friendly advice. What you might not know is that Joe has a life beyond being a Mac guru, much of which revolves around food. In his "Take Control of Thanksgiving Dinner" (just updated to version 1.1 to address candied sweet potato sauce compatibility issues with the 2007 feasting season), Joe helps you plan and prepare a classic Thanksgiving dinner with a minimum of stress and effort. The ebook is meant to be read on a laptop in the kitchen, and it has lots of internal navigation links, includes recommended recipes, has links to Web resources (it's easier to carve a turkey if you first watch a video), and was beta tested with gusto by friends and family in San Francisco, Seattle, and Ithaca. It includes illustrations by Jeff Tolbert (author of the Take Control of GarageBand ebooks) that help you visualize some of the trickier aspects of prepping a turkey for roasting. It also comes with a special Print Me file that gives you shopping lists, schedules, and recipes that you can annotate as desired, tape up in the kitchen, or hand off to a helper.

We realize that this ebook has nothing to do with the Mac, except that you can certainly (and ideally) read it on one. We do intend to keep our focus (mostly) on writing about computers, but we think that occasionally thinking out of the box - how would you create a cookbook that was also an ebook? - keeps us all fresh. And, if you cook from the ebook, you'll be, in a way, joining our extended family, since everyone who worked on the ebook performed extensive beta tests, engaged in lengthy discussions about the pros and cons of various dishes and techniques, and anticipated helping others work through some of the more snarly aspects of enjoyably preparing a Thanksgiving feast. Please, join us!

(If you already own the ebook, click Check for Updates on the first page of the PDF to access your free update.)

Opinion | 01 Oct 2007 | Listen

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Hot Topics in TidBITS Talk/01-Oct-07

by Jeff Carlson

This week in the TidBITS Talk forums, readers continue to tackle the ethics of hacking the iPhone, consider waiting for Leopard to arrive before buying a new Mac, and share their experiences with Yugma, iMovie, and Retrospect, and more.Show full article

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Ethics of hacktivating an iPhone -- Readers continue a lively discussion of whether it's ethical to hack an iPhone to use it without AT&T's access plan? If you own the iPhone, isn't it yours to do with as you'd like? (119 messages)

Mac model naming conventions -- Apple's insistence on keeping one name to span multiple models can drive us journalists crazy, but it seems to be a good move for consumers. (10 messages)

What I love most about the iPhone -- We've covered the features, but what aspects of the iPhone inspire devotion from our readers? (8 messages)

What I hate most about the iPhone -- Looking at the other side of the coin, what features or experiences bug people the most? (22 messages)

Yugma Provides Free Web Conferencing -- A reader responds to Adam's article by comparing Yugma and Adobe Acrobat Connect. (1 message)

"Unlimited" data plans from O2 and others -- The iPhone cellular data plans offered by O2 in the UK aren't as unlimited as the name would suggest. (1 message)

iPhone Launch Date and Price Set for UK, with Murky Unlimited Data Plan -- A reader helps to clarify VAT pricing following the announcement of iPhone availability in the UK. (1 message)

Should I wait for OS 10.5 (Leopard) when buying a new iMac? As the release of Mac OS X 10.5 nears, a reader wonders if he should wait for availability before purchasing a new Mac. It would be easier to know when Leopard will drop, but Apple so far is saying only "October." (14 messages)

Apple PowerBook G4 Lower Memory Slot Repair Program -- Apple has apparently set up a repair program for PowerBooks with damaged memory slots that are hard-wired to the motherboard. However, other models outside the specified serial number range may also be affected. (1 message)

Making iMovie '08 play with iPhoto -- A reader has trouble viewing the many movies stored in iPhoto's library from within iMovie '08. (2 messages)

Retrospect Express and MacBook Pro -- A reader encounters difficulty with Retrospect Express on an Intel-based Mac. (1 message)

Amazon MP3 Takes on the iTunes Store -- Readers share their impressions of Amazon's new audio-download store, noting the selection and the ease of the process compared to iTunes. (8 messages)

Watching TV on a Mac -- EyeTV appears to be the way to watch television on a Mac, and readers share their experiences with the hardware and software. (8 messages)

Need a way to convert from Ethernet to WiFi -- A Power Mac Cube is destined for new life as a son's desktop computer, but the desk in question is too far from the Internet router and the Cube's AirPort is fried. What options are available? (4 messages)

Daylight Saving Time Rules Fixed for New Zealand -- A reader shares a simple fix for the lack of updated daylight saving time rules on Macs in New Zealand: tell the Mac you're in Russia! (1 message)

TidBITS Watchlist

Better Text Formatting in iPhoto

Recent TidBITS Talk Discussions

Other articles in the series iPhone Software Development

TidBITS#898/01-Oct-07

MacBook, MacBook Pro Software Update 1.0 Enables Journaling

iLife '08 Updated, iMovie Improved

Apple Updates iWork '08 and Core 2 Duo Mac Firmware

Inching Towards Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac

Cheap UK Wi-Fi Access Offered for iPod touch

iPhone 1.1.1 Adds Features and Updates Security

Apple Expo Paris 2007 Impressions

Amazon MP3 Takes on the iTunes Store

Staff Roundtable: Apple Should Do No Harm to iPhones

Take Control News: The Latest Ways of Protecting Your Data

Take Control News: Joe Kissell Talks Turkey

Hot Topics in TidBITS Talk/01-Oct-07