DESTINATION BALI

Bali is so picturesque that you could be fooled into thinking it was a painted backdrop: rice paddies trip down hillsides like giant steps, volcanoes soar through the clouds, the forests are lush and tropical, and the beaches are lapped by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. But the postcard paradise gloss has been manufactured and polished by the international tourist industry rather than by the Balinese themselves - who don't even have a word for paradise in their language - and it pays scant regard to the hard reality of life on Bali, which is currently suffering the fallout of Indonesia's economic crisis and collapsing currency.

Bali remained calm in 1998 while many islands in the archipelago expressed their anger at the economic and political situation. Though tourism took a downturn in the first half of this year, visitors have flocked to the island in droves over the past 20 years. The Balinese have been remarkably resilient in the face of mass tourism and 'I've-been-to-Bali-too' T-shirts: once you're away from lurching Aussies with a scary thirst for beer, you'll find locals living in traditional houses and participating in a timeless round of religious rituals and rice cultivation. In fact, the Balinese seem to handle tourism better than some of the tourists, many of whom are happy to be able to get a Coke but seem disappointed that they're not the only ones sucking back the real thing.

The locals' welcoming and stoic stance can at least partly be attributed to a long history of absorbing, and profiting from, foreign influences. Since the 15th century, when the Java-based Majapahit dynasty retreated here, and onward through Portuguese and Dutch traders, invaders and colonisers, the Balinese have been dealing with interlopers and taking fresh ideas on board while maintaining rich traditions of music, dance, visual arts, architecture and religion.

Map of Bali (9K)

Slide Show


Facts at a Glance
When to Go
Events
Attractions
Off the Beaten Track
Getting There & Away
Getting Around
Lonely Planet Guides
Travellers' Reports on Indonesia
On-line Info



Facts at a Glance

Country: Indonesia
Area: 5620 sq km (2192 sq mi)
Population: 3 million
Capital city: Denpasar (pop 370,000)
People: 95% ethnic Balinese, plus Javanese minority
Language Bahasa Bali, Bahasa Indonesian, plus English in tourist areas
Religion: 95% Balinese Hindu, plus Muslim and Christian minorities

When to Go

Just considering the weather, the cooler dry season from April to October is the best time to visit Bali. The rest of the year is more humid, more cloudy and has more rainstorms, but you can still enjoy a holiday.

There are also distinct tourist seasons which affect the picture. The European summer holidays bring the biggest crowds - July, August and early September are busy. Accommodation can be tight in these months and prices are higher. From Christmas until the end of January, airfares to/from Australia are higher and flights can be booked solid. Many Indonesians also visit Bali around Christmas. Outside these times Bali has surprisingly few tourists and there are plenty of empty hotel rooms and free tables in restaurants.

Balinese festivals, holidays and special celebrations occur all the time, so don't worry about timing your visit to coincide with local events. Just make some inquiries when you arrive and be prepared to travel around the island.

Events

Apart from the usual western calendar, the Balinese also use two local calendars, the Hindu saka and the wuku. The wuku calendar, which is used to determine festival dates, uses 10 different types of weeks between one and 10 days long, all running simultaneously! The intersection of the various weeks determines auspicious days. It's impossible to work it out yourself: when you arrive in Bali, go to a tourist office and ask which festivals and celebrations are coming up. Try to get to at least one.

The Galungan Festival, Bali's major feast, is held throughout the island and is an annual event in the wuku year. During this 10 day period all the gods come down to earth for the festivities and barongs (mythical lion-dog creatures) prance from temple to temple and village to village. The last and most important day of the festival is Kuningan. Galungan takes place in April and November in 1998 and in June in 1999.

Nyepi is the major festival of the saka year - it's the last day of the year, and usually falls towards the end of March or the beginning of April. The day before is set aside as a day of purification across the island. The night before, evil spirits are noisily chased away with cymbals, gongs, drums and flaming torches. On Nyepi itself, everyone stays quietly at home, making no noise, using no lights and doing no cooking. The idea is that when evil spirits descend, they are fooled into thinking that Bali is uninhabited and leave the island in peace for another year.

Attractions

Kuta Bay

Including the two beach sites of Kuta and Legian, this area is a major drawcard for travellers, offering cheap accommodation, Western food, great shopping, surf, sunsets and riotous nightlife. Although it's fashionable to disparage Kuta for its rampant development, low-brow nightlife and crass commercialism, the cosmopolitan mixture of beach-party hedonism and entrepreneurial energy can be exciting. It's a tourist gold-rush town with a get-rich-quick mentality and a planning horizon to match.

Kuta is not pretty but it's not dull either, and the amazing growth is evidence that a lot of people still find something to like in Kuta. It's still the best beach on Bali, with the only surf which breaks over sand instead of coral. Lots of cheap accommodation is available and there's a huge choice of places to eat. Shops and hawkers offer everything from fake flimflammery - laid out in boxes which open like jaws as you approach - to genuine antiques offered with a considerably softer sell. Even the tourists themselves have become a tourist attraction, with visitors coming from Java to ogle the topless bathers, and from other resorts to tut-tut at the tackiness of it all. And despite all the excesses, away from the traffic clogged streets Kuta is still a village: a place of quiet compounds and narrow alleys, where devotional offerings are placed in front of houses and neighbours emerge in the coolness of the evening to gossip in the street.

Behind the beaches, labyrinthine roads and alleys lead back to the most amazing clutch of hotels, restaurants, bars, food stalls and shops. The renowned Poppies Gang, running directly back from Kuta Beach, is where most of the quieter, inexpensive hostels and restaurants are located. Cheap beachfront accommodation is available in Legian; the lanes running parallel to the beach are the best places to start trawling for a decent bed.

Kuta Bay is in the south of Bali, about 10km (6mi) southwest of Denpasar. Nearby to the north is Sanur, an the upmarket alternative to Kuta; Nusa Dua, to the south, is an upmarket alternative to Sanur. Ulu Watu, on the southern tip of Bali, is the island's most famous surfing spot.

Denpasar

The capital of Bali has been the focus of much of the growth and wealth on the island over the last quarter of a century. It now has all the bustle and confusion one associates with the fast-growing cities of Asia. While the traffic, noise and pollution make it a difficult city to relish, Denpasar still retains pleasant, tree-lined streets and gardens and is very much part of the 'real' Bali, given that tourists generally give it a wide berth.

The Bali Museum consists of an attractive series of separate buildings, including examples of both palace and temple architecture. The exhibits themselves are not always well presented, but there are enough arts and crafts and everyday items displayed to make it worthwhile. The tiny cane cases for transporting fighting crickets are pretty special. The Abiankapas arts centre houses a collection of modern painting and woodcarving. Dancing groups and gamelan orchestras regularly perform here, mostly for the benefit of tourists.

Denpasar is in the south of Bali, about 10km (6mi) northeast of Kuta.

Ubud

Situated in the hills 20km (13mi) north of Denpasar, Ubud is the serene cultural centre of Bali. Extensive development in recent years has meant that Ubud has engulfed a number of nearby villages, although these have retained their distinct identities. Head off in any direction and you're in for an interesting walk to a secluded craft hamlet, through the rice paddies or into the dense Monkey Forest, just south of the town centre.

Local store in Ubud (22K)

In Ubud itself, the Puri Lukisan Museum displays fine examples of all schools of Balinese art in a beautiful garden setting. There are several other quality galleries such as Museum Neka, which features work of some Western artists who have painted in Bali, and Agung Rai Gallery, a commercial operation which also houses a small, but important, permanent collection. The homes of influential Western artists Walter Spies and Rudolf Bonnet, who played key roles in transforming Balinese art from the purely decorative, can also be viewed. Ubud is a good place to see Balinese dancing and hear Balinese music, and it has some of the finest restaurants on the island.

Gunung Batur

The volcanic cone of Gunung Batur and the lake which fills half of the surrounding caldera form one of Bali's most spectacular landscapes. Climbing Batur (1717m/5631ft) to see the sunrise is a magnificent experience, but be prepared for damp, cold and cloudy conditions and some aggressive souvenir sellers. There are hot springs at Tirtha on the edge Lake Batur where you can soak your aching limbs afterwards. Gunung Batur is in northern Bali, approximately 35km (22mi) north of Ubud.

Off the record

Off the Beaten Track

Pejeng

The Pejeng region around Ubud hides some of Bali's most ancient monuments and relics. Set in the bottom of a lush green valley surrounded by terraced rice paddies are the 10 impressive rock-cut shrines of Gunung Kawi. The shrines are carved out of the rock face in imitation of actual statues - in a similar fashion to the great rock-cut temples of Ajanta and Ellora in India. Less spectacular, but equally important, are the rock carvings at Yeh Pulu, the Pura Samuan Tiga temple and Goa Gajah (the elephant cave) - all just a couple of kilometres east of Ubud. The best way to access these sites is to catch a bemo from Ubud or rent a mountain bike.

Tenganan

The ancient village of Tenganan, inland from the east coast port of Padangbai, can only be reached by motorbike or on foot. It's a walled Bali Aga village, busy with unusual customs, festivals and practices. It's the centre for the weaving of the little-seen double ikat cloth, and ancient versions of gamelan and accompanying dances are performed here. The nearby towns of Amlapura and Tirtagangga are known for their decaying water palaces - relics of the power of the Balinese rajahs - which are surrounded by beautiful terraced rice paddies.

Rice terraces, eastern Bali (20K)

Bali Barat National Park

The Bali Barat National Park covers nearly 20,000ha (49,400ac) of Bali's western tip and 7000ha (17,290ac) of coral reef and coastal waters. Most of the natural vegetation in the park is coastal savanna with deciduous trees which become bare in the dry season. Over 200 species of plants inhabit the various environments. Animals include black monkeys, leaf monkeys and macaques; Java, barking, sambar and mouse deer; squirrels, wild pigs, buffalos, iguanas and pythons. The bird life is prolific, with many of Bali's 200 species represented, including the striking Bali starling. The park's attractions include hot springs, uninhabited Deer Island (which has great diving) and guided jungle treks.

The park's headquarters are at Cekik, near the port of Gilimanuk. Frequent bemos and buses shuttle between Cekik and Gilimanuk, which is connected to Denpasar by bus and to Java by ferry.

Getting There & Away

Airlines and transport services generally across Indonesia have been suffering turbulence from Indonesia's economic woes. While Bali is the darling of the international set and has been largely unaffected by problems elsewhere, you would be wise to check your travel facts with a reliable travel agent before you go.

Most international visitors arrive by air, either directly or via Jakarta, though island hoppers can catch frequent ferries from the neighbouring islands of Java and Lombok. There are direct flights to Jakarta and Bali from numerous European capitals, the cheapest are generally found in London. Flights from the US generally travel via Japan, Korea, Taiwan or Hong Kong. There are also direct flights from all Australian cities. The departure tax on international flights is 25,000 rp.

Bali has direct domestic flights to Java, Lombok and outlying islands. Be sure to reconfirm bookings at least 72 hours before departure. A ferry shuttles between the west Balinese port of Gilimanuk and Ketapang in eastern Java. Boat/bus combination tickets between Denpasar and Javanese cities can be purchased. There are two ferries a day between the eastern Balinese port of Padangbai and Lembar on the west coast of Lombok. A twice-daily catamaran also operates between Benoa in southern Bali and Lembar.

Getting Around

Transport from Ngurah Rai international airport, 2.5km (1.5mi) south of Kuta, is quite simple. Choose from an official taxi counter, where you pay a set price in advance, or walk across the airport car park and hail a metered cab. Another option is to get a taxi from the airport to Bemo Corner in Kuta for a fixed rate and then get a metered taxi or a chartered bemo (minibus) to a more distant destination - this should save a few thousand rupiah. The impecunious (and lightly laden) can walk straight up the road to Kuta, although it's a more pleasant stroll along the beach.

The main forms of public transport on Bali are the cheap buses and bemos that run on more or less set routes within or between towns. If you want your own transport, you can charter a bemo or rent a car, motorcycle or bicycle. The Balinese drive on the left, use their horns a lot and give way to traffic pulling onto the road. Tourist shuttle buses, running between the major tourist centres, are more expensive than public transport but are also more comfortable and convenient.

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