World of Shareware - Software Farm 2/wosw_2.zip/wosw_2/GENERAL/ALLWET.ZIP/CHAP4.SML

Text File | 1987-05-13 | 38KB | 1,762 lines

                       4. INTERACTIVE USE OF ALLWET


       This chapter explains interactive use of ALLWET.  Section 4.1

describes general procedures for accessing and communicating with ALLWET for

interactive use.  Sections 4.2 and 4.3 respectively provide a summary and

detailed description of the ALLWET command language.  Section 4.4 illustrates

a complete ALLWET interactive session based upon the sample problem.  The

example requires six pages, labeled as Figures 5a through 5f.




4.1  General Procedure


        Interactive use of ALLWET requires a terminal having at least 72

characters per line, and which can be set to upper case mode (i.e. alphabetic

keys always producing upper case letters).


        ALLWET prompts the user whenever it expects input. (The prompt symbol

will vary among computers.  In the examples in this manual I> is used.) Like

most interactive programs, ALLWET processes an input line after receiving a

carriage return.  Each computer will have a designated key to cancel a

partially typed line.  Except after deleting a partially typed line, users

should not type a line until the prompt symbol appears.  ALLWET permits any

number of inputs (words or numbers) to appear on a typed line, as long as they

are separated by spaces (except that a carriage return must follow typed input

before a point may be entered via a digitizer).  If an illegal or inappro-

priate input appears on a line, an error message is printed.  All inputs on

the line from the point of the error will be disregarded.  The message usually

will also indicate which previous inputs must be re-entered.  If the message

does not provide enough guidance to correct the difficulty, either refer to

this manual or invoke the CANCEL command, described later in this chapter.




                                  4-1






     After accessing ALLWET, the greeting "WELCOME TO ALLWET" appears.  On

microcomputer versions, ALLWET first requests the user to indicate whether

this is a batch or interactive use, and then requests the name of the system

description file.  ALLWET next inquires about the availability of a digitizer.

(This prompt will not occur if your version of ALLWET does not support a

digitizer.) Now ALLWET reads the data file.  If too many minor errors, or a

single major error, exists in the data, ALLWET prints an appropriate diag-

nostic and ceases execution.  In this case, the data file must be corrected

using an editing program, or the original card deck corrected and reestab-

lished as a data file.  Otherwise, any errors found may be corrected during

the session through the use of the ALLWET command language described in this

chapter.  The STORE command may be used to store the corrected file.


     Once the input file has been processed, any command from the command

language may be used.  These commands permit users to (1) update the data base

being processed, (2) perform an analysis, (3) selectively inspect the data

base or results of an analysis, (4) output the complete results of the anal-

ysis on a nearby remote job entry terminal, (5) store the revised data base,

(6) access a different system description file, and (7) terminate the ALLWET

session.  A single session may consist of several intervening data base revi-

sions and analyses.  Section 4.2 provides a functional summary of the command

set.  Section 4.3 contains detailed descriptions and examples of these com-

mands.  ALLWET recognizes commands by only their first four letters.  Addi-

tional letters are ignored, and serve only to enhance readability.













                                  4-2


4.2  Summary of Permitted Commands


     BATCH - generates a complete output of an analysis to a printer.


     BOOSTER - adds a booster pump station to the system.


     CANCEL - cancels a command before completion.


     CHECK - adds a check valve to the system.


     DELETE - deletes an element from the system.


     EPSILON - changes value of EPSILON parameter.


     ERROR - permits limited corrections to a line after the typing of a
             carriage return.


     HALT - terminates the ALLWET session.


     HELP - provides assistance or a diagnostic to a user.


     LIST - permits selective output of input data or analysis results on the
            user's screen.


     MULT - changes value of multiplicative factors of nodal demands.


     NODE - adds a node to the system.


     NOVERBOSE - permits suppression of many prompts for experienced ALLWET
                 users.


     PERC - changes value of PERC parameter.


     PIPE - adds a pipe to the system.


     PRV - adds a pressure reducing valve to the system.


     READ - reads in another system description.




                                  4-3



     RESERVOIR - adds a reservoir to the system.


     REVISE - revises an existing element.


     RUN - perform an analysis (i.e., calculates pipe flows and nodal
           pressures) in the system.


     SCALE - if a digitizer is available, used to orient a map on the
             digitizer (NOT implemented on some versions of ALLWET).


     STORE  - permits permanent storage of the revised data as a new or
              over the same file.


     TITLE  - permits  change of the title  associated  with  the
              input data.


     VERBOSE - reverses the effect of the NOVERBOSE command.




































                                 4-4


4.3  Detailed Command Descriptions


     Although Figures 5a-f display the interactive session with all of

ALLWET's prompts, the command descriptions and examples in this section indi-

cate the sequence of inputs associated with each command for the user oper-

ating under NOVERBOSE.  When operating under VERBOSE, the same sequence of

inputs are required with each command, but in response to ALLWET's prompts.

Those prompts shown in the examples occur even when operation is under

NOVERBOSE.  Capitalized words in parentheses may be omitted.




4.3.1  BATCH


     BATCH directs a complete printout of all input and output data from the

most recent analysis to a printer or another file.  Figure 6 shows the output

from using ALLWET in batch mode.  The output from issuing the BATCH command is

identical, but without the printout generated during the calculations (appear-

ing on Figure 6b and fully described in section 6.1).  During interactive use,

ALLWET instead prints this information on the user's terminal (cf.  Figure 5d).


     If using ALLWET on a MS-DOS or PC-DOS microcomputer connected to a

printer, typing PRN as the file name will send the output directly to the

printer.  If you have a printer spooler program or your printer has a buffer,

you will be able to enter more commands to ALLWET as soon as the output has

been buffered.  If you do not have a printer spooler or buffer, then you'll

have to wait for the printed output to finish.  In this case, you may prefer

to direct the BATCH output to a disk file and print it out later.










                                 4-5



4.3.2  BOOSTER   pipe identifier   label   value(s)   ...   DONE





     The first input after BOOSTER must identify the pipe to which the booster

pump station will be added, in one of two ways:

     (i)   Number of the pipe on which booster is located, or

     (ii)  FROM   name of "from" node   (TO)   name of "to" node



     ALLWET next requests one of the following labels:

(a)  CURVE   Upon recognizing this word ALLWET asks how many points will be
     entered.  The user's reply must be an integer not less than 4 and no
     greater than 30.  ALLWET then requests all the H values in decreasing
     order, then all the Q values in increasing order.

(b)  PP   This must be followed by the number of parallel  pumps.
     This label may be omitted if the number of parallel pumps is one.

(c)  DONE   This signifies to ALLWET the completion of input for the booster
     pump station.

ALLWET repeatedly requests one of these labels until DONE is entered.


     The following example, which parallels the addition of a booster pump in

Figure 5b, illustrates the addition of a booster pump on pipe 11.

I> BOOSTER 11
INDICATE EITHER PP, CURVE, OR DONE.
I> CURVE
HOW MANY POINTS WILL BE ENTERED?
I> 5
ENTER 5 VALUES OF H
I> 60 55 45 30 10
ENTER 5 VALUES OF Q
I> 0 40 80 120 160
INDICATE EITHER PP, CURVE, OR DONE.
I> DONE












                                  4-6


4.3.3  CANCEL


     This permits a user to cancel the effects of a partially completed com-

mand.  For instance, in the booster pump example of section 4.3.2 above, if

the user had entered CANCEL rather than the five values of H requested by

ALLWET, the BOOSTER command and all inputs which followed would be disre-

garded, and the next input would have to be a new main command.





4.3.4  CHECK


     This command places a check valve on a pipe.  After the word CHECK the

user must identify the pipe where the valve will be added by entering either

     (i)   the number of the pipe, or

     (ii)  FROM   name of "from" node   (TO)   name of "to" node


     The following example illustrates the addition of a check valve to a pipe

extending from a node to a pipe extending from a node X to a node Y:

I> CHECK FROM X TO Y

























                                  4-7


4.3.5  DELETE   element type   location


     This command deletes an element from the distribution system.  Element

type may be NODE, PIPE, RESERVOIR, BOOSTER, PRV or CHECK.  Location is either

the name of the node; number of the pipe; node name of reservoir; or pipe

number of the booster pump, PRV or check valve.  Instead of a pipe number, one

may enter  FROM  name of "from" node  (TO)  name of "to" node.  ALLWET

requests user confirmation prior to any deletion.


     No node either connected to a pipe or having a reservoir may be deleted

unless the pipes or reservoirs are first deleted.  No pipe may be deleted

unless any pumps or valves on the pipe have previously been deleted.  The

following examples would delete a booster pump on pipe 11, and then delete

pipe 11.


I> DELETE BOOSTER 11
I> DELETE PIPE 11






























                                  4-8


4.3.6  ERROR


     After a carriage return, this permits the user to re-enter the most re-

cent input (whether a node name, word, number or digitizer point).  Upon

receiving this command, ALLWET will either (1) print the prompt symbol to

permit rentry of the last item on the previously typed line, or (2) instruct

the user from where to repeat input.





4.3.7  EPSILON


     The EPSILON parameter specifies the accuracy to which pipe flows are

calculated (cf. sections 3.1.1 and 4.3.20).  After reading this command,

ALLWET prints the current value and requests confirmation or a new value.

ALLWET requests confirmation of any new value.  ALLWET also requests

confirmation of this parameter during the RUN command (cf.  section 4.3.20).






























                                  4-9


4.3.8  HALT


     This terminates the ALLWET session.  ALLWET immediately requests

confirmation of this command.


     If the BATCH command was issued at least once during the session, some

non-micro computers may request one or more lines of information to identify

the generated output at the local line printer.


     After the message ALLWET EXECUTION COMPLETE appears on the screen, the

computer returns to the operating system. (If the output of the BATCH command

is being routed to a line printer of a non-micro computer, a ten to thirty

second delay may occur before the message appears.)



     Figure 5f illustrates the HALT command.




4.3.9  HELP


     Typing this will either generate a diagnostic or provide a message

indicating the type of input ALLWET is expecting.























                                  4-10


4.3.10  LIST   (IN point point)   information   element   range


     With this command, selected portions of the input data or analysis

results can be listed at the user's terminal.  The information parameter must

be either INPUT (if input data is to be listed) or OUTPUT (if analysis results

are to be printed.  If no analysis has been performed during the current

session, or if the most recent analysis was unsuccessful, OUTPUT may not be

used.


     The element parameter determines for what element type the listing will

occur.  This must be one of NODE, PIPE, RESERVOIR, BOOSTER, PRV, or CHECK.

ALL is entered, ALLWET prints listings for all reservoirs, boosters and PRVs.



     The range parameter, used only for nodes and pipes, indicates which nodes

or which pipes will be listed.  It takes one of the following forms:


     (i)  ALL

          All nodes or pipes in system are listed.

    (ii)  Node name 1   Node name 2

          This form is used only for nodes.  All nodes in this range are
          listed.  Two names must be given even if both are identical.

   (iii)  Pipe number 1   Pipe number 2

          This form is used only for pipes.  All pipes in this range are
          listed.  Two numbers must be given even if both are identical.

    (iv)  FROM  Node name 1   TO   Node name 2

          This form is used to list a single pipe.  The two nodes must be
          connected by a pipe.

     (v)  GT x or GREA x

          x designates a number.  For nodes, all nodes with pressures greater
          than x are printed.  For pipes, all pipes having head losses per
          unit length greater than x are printed.

    (vi)  LT x or LESS x

          Similar to (v).


                                  4-11



   (vii)  TO NODE   Node name   or   TO PIPE   pipe number

          These forms are used only for pipes to list pipe attached to the
          specified node or pipe.

     When LISTing nodal input information, the node's demand class appears in

the CL column, and the number of pipes attached to the node appears in the ND

column, (cf. Figure 5a).


     The option  IN  point  point  is relevant only for nodes or pipes, lim-

iting the listing of pipes or nodes to those wholly or partially within the

rectangle having the first point as its lower left corner and the second point

as its upper right corner.  Each point may be designated by two pairs of num-

bers (a vertical, then horizontal coordinate for each point), or, if the SCALE

command has been used, as a point indicated on the digitizer.


     When the RESERVOIR is used as the element parameter, ALLWET lists

pressure nodes as well as reservoirs.  When an OUTPUT RESERVOIR is used as the

information and element parameters, the listing identifies pressure nodes with

PN and reservoirs with R.


     The following examples are the NOVERBOSE versions of the LIST commands

used in Figures 5a-5f.  The figure in which the corresponding output listing

appears is indicated in parentheses.


I> LIST INPUT NODE CC U                (5a)
I> LIST INPUT PIPE TO NODE T-1         (5a)
I> LIST OUTPUT NODE ALL                (5c)
I> LIST OUTPUT PIPES TO PIPE 8         (5d)
I> LIST OUTPUT NODES ALL               (5c-d and 5f)


     When LISTing input or output information for either reservoirs, booster

pumps or pressure reducing valves, ALLWET uses the same columnar formats as

those shown on Figures 6e-6g.


     One last example illustrates the use of the IN option.  For the sample



                                  4-12



problem (cf.  Table 1), pipes 2, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 11 could be listed by

I> LIST IN 500 500 2000 2000 INPUT PIPES ALL

If TO NODE 1 replaces ALL in the above command, then only pipe 5 would be

listed, since this is the only pipe having at least one end node in the

specified area and also having node 1 as an endnode.


















































                                  4-13



4.3.11  MULT


     This command effects changes to the four multiplicative factors of any

nodal classification.  Upon recognizing this command, ALLWET lists the current

multiplicative factors of all nodal classifications and requests their confir-

mation (with the word YES) or the entering of desired changes.  The current

values printed will be those from the input file (with 1.0 for values not

specified), or the values most recently entered during the current interactive

session.  For each change, enter a nodal classification followed by the four

corresponding multiplicative values.  After repeating this sequence as many

times as necessary, enter DONE.  ALLWET then prints and requests confirmation

of the revised values.  The MULT command is automatically invoked during the

RUN command (cf.  Figure 5c).



































                                  4-14



4.3.12  NODE   name   horizontal coordinate   vertical coordinate
                 node classification   elevation   pressure
                 four demand values


     This command adds a node to the system.  The node must be attached to the

system by a pipe before an analysis is performed.  The name may consist of up

to eight characters (cf., Section 2.1).  If an X is entered as the node name,

ALLWET will inform the user of a number to serve as the node name.


     If a map has been scaled (cf.  SCALE command), the coordinates may be

indicated merely by touching the digitizer pen or cursor to the desired loca-

tion.  Zeros may be entered for the coordinates values, in which case the "IN"

option of the LIST command cannot be used.


     A pressure setting of zero indicates that no pressure setting is desired.


     Four demand values must be entered even if some are zero.


     The user is responsible for insuring that all inputs for the node use the

proper units.


     The following example is the NOVERBOSE form of the addition of the node 4

from the sample problem.  Note that the inputs can be spread out on two (or

more) lines.

I> NODE 4 4000 3500 2 475 0
I> 0 0 0 60

Figure 5b illustrates the VERBOSE form of this same command.















                                  4-15



4.3.13  NOVERBOSE

     Experienced ALLWET users may feel that ALLWET need not prompt them before

each input or set of inputs.  Typing NOVERBOSE when ALLWET is expecting a main

command will cause ALLWET to suppress most prompts and just print I> (or other

prompt sequence) when awaiting input.  Typing VERBOSE will reinstate full

prompting by ALLWET.






4.3.14  PERC


     The PERC parameter is the factor by which all positive nodal demands are

multiplied before ALLWET performs an analysis.  After reading this command,

ALLWET prints the current value and requests confirmation or a new value.

ALLWET also requests confirmation of any new value.  This parameter may also

be changed after the command RUN has been entered (cf. section on RUN

command).




























                                  4-16



4.3.15  PIPE   number   (FROM)   name of "from" node
               (TO)   name of "to" node
               diameter   roughness factor   length


     This command adds a pipe to the system.


     The number must be an integer and serves to identify the pipe.  If X is

entered for the number, ALLWET selects the number and indicates it on the

terminal.


     The "from" and "to" nodes must be distinct, already existing nodes.  The

orientation of the pipe is only important if a valve or booster pump station

is later placed on the pipe.


     If X is entered for the length, ALLWET calculates the pipe length as the

sum of the lengths of the line segments connecting the "from" node, the suc-

cessive pseudonodes and the "to" node.  For curved pipes, such a calculation

is only an approximation.  If nodal coordinates are not used, this X option

may not be used.


     After the length or X has been entered, ALLWET inquires, "ARE THERE ANY

PSEUDONODES FOR THIS PIPE?" If the user responds with YES, ALLWET accepts up

to three pseudonodes for the pipe, starting with the one closest to the "from"

node.  Each pseudonode for the pipe may be designated either by a pair of

numbers (horizontal, then vertical coordinate) or, if a digitizer is

available, by the digitizer cursor or pen.


     The user must insure all inputs are made in the proper units.


     The following illustrates the addition of pipe 11 between nodes 2 and 4

of the sample system.  Figure 5b contains the same addition performed under

VERBOSE mode.

I> PIPE X 2 4 6 100 500
 ALLWET WILL ASSIGN NUMBER 11 TO PIPE BEING ENTERED.


                                 4-17



 ARE THERE ANY PSEUDONODES FOR THIS PIPE?
I> NO
 THANK YOU.

The first line's inputs could have been spaced over two or more lines.



4.3.16  PRV   pipe identifier   pressure setting   velocity heads


     The pipe identifier may have one of the following two forms:

(i)  Number of pipe on which the PRV is located

(ii) FROM   name of "from" node   (TO)   name of "to" node


     The pressure setting is the maximum allowable pressure at the "to" node

of the pipe.  Section 2.6 describes the velocity heads or K parameter.  The

following would add a PRV having a pressure setting of 30 and a K parameter of

2.5 to a hypothetical pipe between two nodes named X-1 and X-2:

I> PRV FROM X-1 TO X-2 30 2.5



4.3.17  READ


     READ permits the user to switch to a different system file without

terminating and restarting ALLWET.


     Typing READ causes ALLWET to ask if either the current system description

must be stored or the results of the most recent analysis must be LISTed or

BATCHed.  If so, the READ command is cancelled.  If not, the name of another

system description file is requested.  ALLWET reads this file, after which all

ALLWET commands may be applied to it.












                                  4-18



4.3.18  RESERVOIR   node name   HGL constant   label   value(s)
                      ...  DONE


     The first and second inputs after the word RESERVOIR must be (a) the name

of an existing node there the reservoir will be located, and (b) the HGL

constant for the reservoir which must be in units of head).


     ALLWET now requests one of the following labels:


(a)  CURVE   Upon recognizing this word ALLWET asks how many points will be
     entered.  The user's reply must be an integer from 4 to 30.  ALLWET then
     requests all the H values, followed by all the corresponding Q values.

(b)  PP   The number of parallel pumps must follow this label.  If this
     label is not used, one parallel pump is assumed.

(c)  FRACTION   This should be followed by the fraction of supply value.
     See discussion of reservoirs in Chapter 2.

(d)  HGLCON   A revised value of the HGL constant must follow this label.
     This must be in units of hydraulic gradient (head).

(e)  DONE   This label signifies to ALLWET the end of input for the reservoir.


     ALLWET repeatedly requests one of these labels until DONE is entered.


     The following example demonstrates the addition of a type 2 reservoir at

a hypothetical node 35A.  Head is assumed measured in feet.  Two pumps operate

in parallel, each with the indicated pump curve.


I> RESERVOIR   35A
ENTER THE HGL CONSTANT --
 THE WATER LEVEL (IF A TYPE 1 RESERVOIR)
 OR THE PUMP ELEVATION (IF A TYPE 2 RESERVOIR)
 THIS VALUE MUST BE IN FEET ABOVE DATUM
I> 400
INDICATE EITHER HGLCON, FRACTION, PP, CURVE OR DONE
I> FRACTION 0.2
INDICATE EITHER HGLCON, FRACTION PP, CURVE OR DONE
I> PP 2
INDICATE EITHER HGLCON, FRAC, PP, CURVE OR DONE
I> CURVE
HOW MANY POINTS WILL BE ENTERED?
I> 6
ENTER 6 VALUES OF H
I> 250 230 200 160 110 50
ENTER 6 VALUES OF Q


                                  4-19



I> 0 100 200 300 400 500
INDICATE EITHER HGLCON, FRAC, PP, CURVE OR DONE
I> DONE


     Before typing DONE, any of the HGL constant fraction of supply value,

number of pumps, or pump curve can be changed by retyping the appropriate

label and associated value(s).  If DONE had followed the fraction of supply

value (rather than PP), no pump curve would have been entered and the reser-

voir would have been a type 1 reservoir with an HGL constant of 400 feet.













































                                  4-20



4.3.19   REVISE  element type   location   label   value(s)
                 label   value(s)   ...   DONE


     This command permits the user to revise the description of the specified

element.  Element type and location are identical to that for DELETE, and

every value must be preceded by an appropriate label.  The sequence

          REVISE   element type   location

need not be repeated when making consecutive changes to the same element.

Examples and explanatory information follow the list of labels appropriate for

each element type:


       NODE:   NAME            COORDINATES     ELEVATION
               DEMANDS         PRESSURE        CLASSIFICATION

       PIPE:   TO              FROM            DIAMETER
               RC              LENGTH          PSEUDO

  RESERVOIR:   HGLCON          CURVE
               PP              FRACTION

    BOOSTER:   POINTS          PP

        PRV:   K               PRESSURE

      CHECK:   This element may only be deleted, not revised.


     Four examples illustrate the revision of nodes:

I> REVISE NODE 2 DEMAND B 200 DONE
I> REVISE NODE 2 ELEV 460 DEMAND 100 0 50 50 DONE
I> REVISE NODE CC NAME EFGH COOR 1457 252 DONE
I> REVISE NODE CC PRES 0 DONE

The first changes the demand value of B of node 2 to 200.  The second changes

the elevation of node 2 to 460, and the four demands at node 2 to 100, 0, 50

and 50.  Either (1) a letter (A, B, C, or D) followed by a new value of the

corresponding demand, or (2) four new demands values must follow the label

DEMAND.  The third example changes the name of node CC to EFGH, and changes

the node's coordinates to 1457 horizontal and 252 vertical.  If a digitizer is

available, a point (separated from COOR by a carriage return) can be entered

in lieu of the two coordinate values.  The fourth example illustrates how the



                                  4-21



pressure setting at a node can be deleted by entering any non-positive value

for the pressure.  Figure 5d displays a node revision under VERBOSE mode.


     The next example revises the FROM node of pipe 10 to T-1 and the Hazen-

Williams C factor of pipe 10 to 80:

I> REVISE PIPE 10 FROM T-1 RC 80 DONE


     The PSEUDO label, when used, must be followed by all the pseudonodes for

the pipe entered as indicated under the discussion of the PIPE command.


     The HGLCON label associated with reservoirs allows the user to revise the

HGL constant of a reservoir (i.e., revise the water level in a type 1 reser-

voir or the pump elevation in a type 2 reservoir).


     When the CURVE label is recognized (when revising either reservoirs or

booster pumps), ALLWET reacts, and the user should respond, as described under

the CURVE label of the RESERVOIR or BOOSTER command.  A type 1 reservoir can

be converted to a type 2 reservoir by adjusting the HGL constant and by adding

a pump curve via the CURVE label.  A type 2 reservoir can be converted to a

type 1 reservoir by either (1) adjusting the HGL constant and entering a pump

curve all of whose H and Q values are zero, or (2) deleting the reservoir and

then recreating a type 1 reservoir at the same node using the RESERVOIR

command.


















                                  4-22



4.3.20  RUN


    Figures 5b-c and 5e illustrate this command.


     ALLWET calculates flows and pressures by iteratively solving a set of

nonlinear simultaneous equations.


     Upon reading the RUN command, ALLWET first asks the user to either con-

firm its selection of the reference reservoir, or select an alternate.  The

reference reservoir is the reservoir or pressure node from which ALLWET starts

to form the set of equations for the problem.  Usually, any choice works, so

by default ALLWET uses the first reservoir or pressure node it finds.  You'll

need to choose another only if your system is having difficulty converging.

See section 6.2 for more information if needed.


     ALLWET next asks the user to either confirm the value of EPSILON, or

enter a new value.  EPSILON specifies the accuracy (in units of flow) to which

the flow in each pipe is calculated, and should be set to about 1/10th the

maximum error thought tolerable in any pipe.  The value initially printed is

the value specified by the input file, or the value entered during the most

recent analysis of the current terminal session.  ALLWET asks for confirmation

of any new value entered.


     Next ALLWET requests the confirmation of the default value of PERC or the

input of an alternate value.  All nodal demands are multiplied by PERC after

the multiplicative factors have been applied (cf., section 2.1).  For example,

setting PERC to 1.1 increases all positive demands by ten percent.  ALLWET

requests confirmation of any new value entered.


     Now, the multiplicative factors for each node classification can be

revised.  First, ALLWET prints the current values.  These will be either the

values from the input file (1.0 is the default for values not specified), or



                                  4-23



the values most recently entered during the current interactive session.  If

no changes are needed, YES should be indicated.  Otherwise, a nodal

classification followed by the four corresponding multiplicative factors

should be entered for every nodal classification whose factors need revision.

Upon reading DONE, ALLWET prints the revised set of factors for either

confirmation or further revisions.  See the example in figure 5c.


     ALLWET now performs the analysis.  Figures 5c and 5e displays the output

ALLWET generates during a successful analysis.  Section 6.1 explains this

output and the interpretation of calculated results.  ALLWET indicates whether

or not the analysis terminated successfully.  In either case, the results can

be reviewed with the LIST or printed with the BATCH command.  Section 6.2

indicates what to do in case of an unsuccessful analysis.


     After an analysis has been performed and the results reviewed or printed,

users may (1) revise the system before performing further analyses, (2) store

the current version of the data with the STORE command, (3) read in a new

system description with the READ command, or (4) terminate the session with

the HALT command.
























                                  4-24



4.3.21  SCALE      (Only versions of ALLWET allowing digitizer support will
                      permit this command.)


     Whenever the light pen or cursor touches a point on the digitizer, the

digitizer displays the coordinate values in terms of its own coordinate sys-

tem.  The SCALE command provides ALLWET with the information needed to auto-

matically calculate the map coordinates of any point touched by the digitizer

pen and cursor.  If no digitizer is available, the SCALE command may not be

used and a point on the map may be identified only by entering the numerical

values of its horizontal, then vertical, coordinates.



     The use of the SCALE command involves five steps:

(1)  On the map to be digitized, mark two points (at least fifteen inches
     apart, if possible) on a line parallel to the horizontal edge of the map
     and one point (at least fifteen inches, if possible) above this horizon-
     tal line.  Record the map coordinates of the three points.  These coor-
     dinates must be expressed in the same units as pipe lengths.

(2)  Secure the map on the digitizer table so that neither the three reference
     points nor any node of the distribution system are within an inch of the
     edge of the digitizer table surface.

(3)  Enter the command SCALE.

(4)  ALLWET then directs the user through three actions

     (a) Using the digitizer pen or cursor to indicate the left point, then
     the right point on the horizontal line of (1).  Note that indicating a
     point with the digitizer pen or cursor sends the coordinates to the
     computer and automatically generates a carriage return.  The values of
     the coordinates are not printed on the user's screen.

     (b)  Indication of the point above this line.

     (c) Input of the map coordinates of the first, the second and the third
     point as six consecutive numbers.  The coordinate system used must have
     the same units as pipe length.

(5)  If steps (1) to (4) were not carefully performed (i.e., ALLWET cannot
     calculate the map coordinates of the third point based upon the location
     and map coordinates of the first two), the computer rejects the next main
     command and repeats (4).







                                  4-25



4.3.22  STORE


     This command permanently stores the data including all changes which have

been made to the system description.  Values of EPSILON, PERC and multipli-

cative factors in force during the most recent RUN command are included.  Upon

receiving this command, ALLWET requests identification of the file on which to

store the water distribution system description.  Most implementations of

ALLWET require only a file name, while some may also require an account number

or password.











































                                  4-26



4.3.23  TITLE


      This command permits the user to change the title associated with the

system description. A carriage return must follow the TITLE command and the

following line (must not contain more than seventy characters) becomes the new

title.  ALLWET will then request confirmation of the new title.  The title can

be used to describe the operating conditions of a given run.  Figure 5d

illustrates this command.






4.3.24  VERBOSE


      This command reverses the effect of the NOVERBOSE command, i.e.,

restores full prompting by ALLWET.

































                                  4-27



4.4  Example of Interactive ALLWET Use


     This section contains Figures 5a through 5f, which illustrate an

interactive ALLWET session on a microcomputer.  The input data, read from a

file named SAMPLE, parallels that of the sample problem, except that (i) node

4, pipe 11 and the booster pump station are not included, and (ii) the

multiplicative factors are initially set to 1.0.


    The session utilizes most of the ALLWET command language and includes two

analyses.  Figure 5a illustrates the processing of input data, and the use of

the LIST command to inspect input data.  Figure 5b adds node 4, pipe 11 and

the booster pump station to the system, and initiates an analysis.  Upon

completion of the analysis in Figure 5c, the LIST command is used to inspect

the results.  This continues to the middle of Figure 5d, where the BATCH

command sends the complete analysis results to the printer.  Figure 5d also

revises the pressure at node CC to 25 (in order to determine how much flow can

be delivered at 25 psi in case of fire), and initiates another analysis.

Figure 5e performs this analysis.  Figure 5f listss some results, stores the

revised data on the file FIRETEST, and terminates the ALLWET session.


     In comparing the analysis results in this section, remember that the 5

pound change at node CC (from 30 to 25 psi) is equivalent to an 11.5 foot head

change.  Hence, nodal pressure settings should be used sparingly (cf. section

6.2.5 for information concerning this).


     Finally, when trying the sample problem, you may obtain answers which

differ slightly from those in Figure 5.  Different brands/models of computer

may produce slightly different answers.  The presence of a math coprocessor

will also make a difference.  The answers for any problem will always be

accurate enough for the accuracy of the input data associated with water

distribution analyses.


                                  4-28