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- From: whit@carson.u.washington.edu (John Whitmore)
- Subject: Re: Measurement & Precision
- Message-ID: <1992Nov7.205622.24843@u.washington.edu>
- Sender: news@u.washington.edu (USENET News System)
- Organization: University of Washington, Seattle
- References: <1992Nov2.043143.24298@augean.eleceng.adelaide.edu.AU> <1dck8fINNgie@agate.berkeley.edu>
- Date: Sat, 7 Nov 1992 20:56:22 GMT
- Lines: 55
-
- In article <1dck8fINNgie@agate.berkeley.edu> lizi@soda.berkeley.edu (Cosma Shalizi) writes:
- >In article <1992Nov2.043143.24298@augean.eleceng.adelaide.edu.AU> dabbott@augean.eleceng.adelaide.edu.AU (Derek Abbott) writes:
- >>Imagine you are a stone age philosopher. All you have are your big chunky
- >>stone tools to work with to engineer with for everyday life.
-
- >>It is obvious to you that your coarse implements can't measure to any greater
- >>accuracy than they are already and so engineering to greater precision
- >>is philosophically impossible, by simple inductive reasoning.
-
- > 1. Induction is not valid. This has been known for some time. There are
- > many inductive arguments which are rational - the fact that all observed
- > crows have been black _is_ reason to believe that all crows are black -
- > but not valid, the way, "All men are mortal, and Socrates is a man,
- > therefore Socrates is mortal" is valid.
-
- Induction IS valid, it is the basis of all science. It just
- isn't LOGICALLY valid (i.e. an inductive argument is not a logical
- proof). Just to further complicate matters, a 'proof by induction'
- is the name of an argument which is not inductive, and which is
- logically valid.
-
- > 2. This is not a philosophical argument but an engineering one.
-
- Yep.
- For instance, a lathe (consisting of two fixed centers)
- can spin its workpiece about a line which is as perfect as the
- flexing of the support of the centers allows: there is NOTHING
- to limit the circularity of work on the lathe that relates in
- any way to the 'accuracy' of the centers.
-
- To take a second example, one can run two wheels on
- parallel axes and make a centerless grinding rig; such machinery
- produces (routinely) hardened steel rods with .0001" accuracy,
- from grinding wheels which are considerably coarser than the
- accuracy to be attained (again, it is the rigidity of the
- centers that matters most).
-
- The caveman's measuring tools include flakes of stone
- with sharp edges (obsidian knives are VERY nice tools in
- many respects), with which accurate marking onto a scale
- is possible; the limit of caveman measurement accuracy is just
- about the limit of his visual ability to see differences,
- and I'm sure he could achieve hundredth-of-an-inch
- comparisons.
-
- Lastly, it is possible to scale down a machine by
- pantograph-like methods: a large accurate screw can be used
- thus to make a small, even-more-accurate screw... and
- thus one can bootstrap from crude mechanisms to more accurate
- ones. Getting back to the larger scale is just a matter of
- stacking the small, accurate devices atop each other, like
- Johansson blocks.
-
- John Whitmore
-
-