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- Newsgroups: sci.math.stat
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!umn.edu!charlie
- From: charlie@umnstat.stat.umn.edu (Charles Geyer)
- Subject: Re: Simple Proof that c=median minimizes E[ |X-c| ] needed.
- Message-ID: <1992Sep13.003011.22499@news2.cis.umn.edu>
- Sender: news@news2.cis.umn.edu (Usenet News Administration)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: isles.stat.umn.edu
- Organization: School of Statistics, University of Minnesota
- References: <3SEP199213440863@utkvx2.utk.edu> <1992Sep5.224529.12961@news2.cis.umn.edu>
- Date: Sun, 13 Sep 1992 00:30:11 GMT
- Lines: 38
-
- In article <3SEP199213440863@utkvx2.utk.edu> menees@utkvx2.utk.edu
- (Menees, Bill) writes:
-
- > I'm a senior math major taking my first p&s course, and this problem
- > has come up and it intrigues me. My prof. has a proof for it, but he said it
- > was way over my head. Does anyone know of a proof suitable for a senior
- > undergrad? Thanks in advance.
-
- In article <1992Sep5.224529.12961@news2.cis.umn.edu> I replied:
-
- > Because this might be a homework problem, I won't post a proof right now,
- > but there is a one-line proof that requires no calculus and no probability
- > beyond the fact that expection is a positive linear operator, ... [and]
- > It works for a general probability distribution using the definition that
- > c is a median if
- >
- > 1/2 <= P(c <= X) and 1/2 <= P(X <= c)
- >
- > I'll post the proof in a week or so.
-
- The promised proof, if anyone is still interested.
-
- Suppose c is a median and c < d (the case c > d follows by symmetry).
-
- E{|X - d| - |X - c|} >= (d - c)[P(X <= c) - P(X > c)} >= 0
-
- the first inequality following because |x - d| - |x - c| is equal to d - c
- for x <= c and greater than - (d - c) elsewhere, and the second inequality
- following by the definition of "median".
-
- There is a similar proof that the mean minimizes expected squared deviation
- -- that shouldn't use any calculus either.
-
- --
- Charles Geyer
- School of Statistics
- University of Minnesota
- charlie@umnstat.stat.umn.edu
-