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- Xref: sparky sci.math:11232 sci.physics:14430
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!rutgers!ub!acsu.buffalo.edu!kriman
- From: kriman@acsu.buffalo.edu (Alfred M. Kriman)
- Newsgroups: sci.math,sci.physics
- Subject: Re: What about 3.4 dimension?
- Message-ID: <BuDtDq.M6s@acsu.buffalo.edu>
- Date: 10 Sep 92 21:37:01 GMT
- References: <Sep10.194827.29156@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU>
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- In article <Sep10.194827.29156@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU>
- be231642@longs.LANCE.ColoState.EDU (Bret Egan) asks:
- >Is there any literature about the possibilites of dimensions of real numbers?
- >
- >R^1.2 or R^pi
-
- Yes, literally tons of it. It arises in at least two ways in physics:
- (1) In Renormalization Group (RG) calculations, integrals and sums occur in
- which the dimension d is a parameter. It is common to expand these in Taylor
- series in d about the "upper or lower critical dimension." (Which are
- integers in every case I know.) This has even been tried in cases where
- d-dependent expressions are not available, with extrapolation schemes that
- assume smoothness and use a small number of points in d (small integers).
- (2) Hausdorf and other dimensions are defined. See any book on "fractals"
- or by Benoit Mandelbrot. Although most examples of fractals (noninteger-
- dimension geometric objects) are constructed within an embedding space of
- integer dimension, this is not required but only convenient. The general
- idea is that the volume V(r) within a ball of radius r varies as r^d in
- spaces for which a dimension d can be defined. Space-filling curves have
- Hausdorf dimension equal to the ordinary dimension of the space they fill.
- If you imagine space filling curves as being crinkly, then you can imagine
- that some curves are of intermediate crinkliness. These are fractals, and
- among these the ones that have a certain degree of homogeneity have a
- Hausdorf dimension defined.
- The definition is roughly d = limit as r -> 0 or log(V(r))/log(r). This
- means that the crinkliness must occur at arbitrarily small scales.
- Cases (1) and (2) above are related. In physical systems near "critical"
- transitions described by RG, fractal structures occur. For example, in
- typical percolation problems, there is a sharp transition as some parameter
- (pore size, temperature, whatever the model has) is varied through the
- percolation threshold. Precisely at the percolation threshold, percolation
- (diffusion of a mobile species through a random porous medium, roughly)
- takes place via a connected region of fractal dimension.
-
- Question:
- Do the fact that fractal structures occur in critical systems, and the
- fact that continuous-dimension ideas are useful in RG, have some deep
- connection?
-