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- From: wilson@web.ctron.com
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Fundamental Theorems
- Message-ID: <4711@balrog.ctron.com>
- Date: 12 Aug 92 14:46:42 GMT
- Sender: usenet@balrog.ctron.com
- Reply-To: wilson@web.ctron.com ()
- Organization: Cabletron Systems INc.
- Lines: 96
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- Originator: wilson@web
-
-
- My hastily compiled votes on various fundamental theorems:
-
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Geometry:
-
- The Independence of the Parallel Postulate:
-
- The parallel postulate is independent of the axioms of absolute
- geometry.
-
- Try to beat this one for historical importance as well as its
- bearing on mathematical thought.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Probability:
-
- The Central Limit Theorem:
-
- The distribution of the mean of a sample drawn from any
- distribution of positive variance tends towards a normal
- distribution as the size of the sample grows large.
-
- Puts the normal distribution in its place.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Complex Numbers:
-
- The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra:
-
- All roots of a polynomial with complex coefficients are complex.
-
- Complex numbers arose historically as solutions to irreducible
- polynomials over the reals. That the complex numbers split
- such polynomials, and that no further splitting of complex
- polynomials is necessary, is the trademark of the complex field.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Linear Algebra:
-
- The Primary Decomposition Theorem:
-
- Given linear operator T on finite dimensional vector space V, V
- may be expressed as the direct sum of invariant subspaces of T.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Group Theory:
-
- Cayley's Theorem:
-
- Every group is isomorphic to a subgroup of the permutation group
- of some set.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Statistics:
-
- No Entry.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Trigonometry:
-
- Euler's Theorem:
-
- exp(x+iy) = exp(x)(cos y + i sin y)
-
- Explains circular functions in terms of the exponential function.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Set Theory:
-
- No Entry. (I incline, however, towards elevating Russell's
- paradox to the status of the Fundamental Theorem of Inconsistent
- Set Theory).
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Logic:
-
- Godel's incompleteness theorem:
-
- Any sufficiently rich theory is undecideable.
-
- In short, Principia Mathematica will have to wait.
-
- Fundamental Theorem of Mathematics:
-
- The principle of mathematical induction:
-
- Let P(x) be a proposition about natural number x. If
- 1. P(0)
- 2. For all x, P(x) ==> P(x+1)
- Then P(x) is true for all numbers.
-
- This principle pervades mathematics. To understand, appreciate,
- and use mathematical induction is the entry ticket to mathematics.
-
- (Bob Silverman points out that mathematical induction is an
- axiom. I believe that this makes it no less a theorem).
-
-
- --
- David W. Wilson (wilson@ctron.com)
-
- Disclaimer: "Truth is just truth...You can't have opinions about truth."
- - Peter Schikele, introduction to P.D.Q. Bach's oratorio "The Seasonings."
-