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- Xref: sparky comp.ai.philosophy:7384 sci.philosophy.tech:4947
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- From: chandra@cis.ohio-state.edu (B Chandrasekaran)
- Newsgroups: comp.ai.philosophy,sci.philosophy.tech
- Subject: Re: Searle on animal consciousness
- Date: 25 Jan 1993 08:35:37 -0500
- Organization: The Ohio State University Dept. of Computer and Info. Science
- Lines: 55
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- References: <1993Jan24.213358.10067@sophia.smith.edu> <1jvevlINN4va@cannelloni.cis.ohio-state.edu> <C1Dzy0.H9D@unix.portal.com>
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- In article <C1Dzy0.H9D@unix.portal.com% emil@shell.portal.com (emil rojas) writes:
- %chandra@cis.ohio-state.edu (B Chandrasekaran) writes:
- %
- %%In article <1993Jan24.213358.10067@sophia.smith.edu% orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
- %%That is a different question. You are no longer asking if dogs are
- %%conscious, but about the complexity of and variety of the objects of
- %%their consciousness (and the expressiveness of th language in which
- %%these objects are represented). I haven't read Searles' book, but
- %%from what you said about it it seems that all he is saying is that
- %%dogs are conscious.
- %
- %Does conscious here mean self-aware?
- %
-
- I think so. To the extent that the dog is in pain, it is aware that it
- is in pain. Of course, if by "aware" you mean that it ought to express
- this to itself as a proposition in natural language, then the dog is not
- aware, but I'd like to argue against such a restricted use of the term
- "aware."
-
- %
- %%BTW, having beliefs (or behaving such that beliefs are attributable to
- %%one) is not sufficient for consciousness. One can behave as if one
- %%believes A without being aware that one believes A. Often,
- %%psychoanalysis brings out hidden fears and beliefs that control our
- %%actions, but we are not aware of them. Of course we are often aware
- %%of desires and beliefs as well, but that doesn't seem to a defining
- %%characteristic of consciousness. The content of consciousness in
- %%humans is much more expressive of course, which certainly gives human
- %%consciousness a qualitative difference.
- %
- %I take issue with the idea that this "gives human consciousness a
- %qualitative difference." Unless of course, you believe an elephant's
- %strength is _qualitatively_ greater than your own.
- %
-
- I think there is a certain "second-orderness" to human consciousness, since
- we are not only aware of certain things, but we are also often aware that
- we are aware. In my view this makes possible certain recursiveness which
- yields a qualitative difference to human consciousness. I think it can be
- fairly claimed that this second order consciousness is missing in animals,
- even though one can't be sure of that.
-
- %%But having goals (which is
- %%the same as desires, I think) and knowledge (or beliefs) is orthogonal
- %%to being conscious, I think.
- %
- %Just to be picky. Conscious and _knowledge_ of self/other would seem
- %to me to be related, that is not orthogonal.
- %--
-
- I think (following Newell), being in a knowledge state is not necessarily
- identical to being conscious of having that knowledge.
-
-