home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!eos!aio!gothamcity!kjenks
- From: kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov
- Subject: Re: Railgun in Southwest US
- Message-ID: <1993Jan11.202452.16251@aio.jsc.nasa.gov>
- Originator: kjenks@gothamcity
- Keywords: accelleration
- Sender: kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov
- Organization: NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office
- References: <C0HtJ3.Lqo.1@cs.cmu.edu>
- Distribution: sci
- Date: Mon, 11 Jan 1993 20:24:52 GMT
- Lines: 63
-
- In article <C0HtJ3.Lqo.1@cs.cmu.edu> ssi!lfa@uunet.UU.NET ("Louis F. Adornato") writes:
- >Personally, I don't know that a railgun is going to be worth much for
- >anything other than ASAT and ABM applications. The problem is that a
- >ground launched body can't attain orbit (at least, not an orbit that
- >doesn't intersect the surface) without a circularizing burn at
- >periapsis. This means that you have to carry propulsion (motor and
- >fuel), GNC hardware (star trackers or a gyro/accelerometer platform,
- >momentum wheels or an RCS, guidance computer and control hardware),
- >power and cooling, a shroud capable of protecting the whole shebang
- >when it exits the launcher in sea level air at better than 17,000 mph
- >(orbital velocity at 150 mi), aerosurfaces to prevent tumbling, and
- >probably active control of same, and still retain enough mass
- >capability for a payload.
-
- You also has to survive the launch. With accellerations up to 5
- million G, temperatures in the 1000's C range, and some of the most
- serious electrical and magnetic fields you can find anywhere, you
- wouldn't want to be fired out of a rail gun. Nor would you want to
- try to design a payload which could be fired out of a rail gun.
-
- But for those of you who don't know what a railgun is, I'll give you a
- brief intro. This is a VERY high level description, greatly
- simplified. A rail gun works because of the interaction between an
- electrical field with a magnetic field called the Lorentz force. If I
- recall correctly, the basic equation is f = E x B. So you want great
- big E (electrical) fields and hefty B (magnetic) fields so you get a
- whole lot of f = mA.
-
- Let's see if I can explain using ASCII sketches:
-
-
- NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN <- North end of
- NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN magnetic field
-
- +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++P++++++++ <- Positive rail
- <- Velocity vector <- P
- -----------------------------------------P-------- <- Negative rail
-
- SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS <- South end of
- SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS magnetic field
-
- Where "PPP" marks the payload or payload carrier, which is a conducting
- bar touching both rails. A great big current flows through the rails,
- passing through PPP. This electrical field is perpendicular to the
- magnetic field, so the PPP is subject to the Lorentz force, f = E x B.
- Assuming there's little or no friction with the rails (which is very
- difficult to arrange), the PPP scoots down the rails in a heckuva
- hurry, accellerating as it goes. Because there is friction with the
- rails, they erode quickly and have to be replaced after every N
- launches, where N varies with the friction and wear properties.
-
- Since you need to reach orbital velocity in a short distance, you need
- to have BIG accellerations. This implies the big E fields (hence hefty
- current along the rails and PPP), big B fields (hence hefty magnets),
- and low mass (f = mA).
-
- We now return you to discussions about the PEACEFUL use of space.
-
- -- Ken Jenks, NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office
- kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov (713) 483-4368
-
- "...Development of the space station is as inevitable as
- the rising of the sun." -- Wernher von Braun
-