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- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!uknet!qmw-dcs!arodgers
- From: arodgers@dcs.qmw.ac.uk (Angus H Rodgers)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: A word problem
- Message-ID: <1992Dec15.221213.6274@dcs.qmw.ac.uk>
- Date: 15 Dec 92 22:12:13 GMT
- References: <1992Dec12.162349.29729@dcs.qmw.ac.uk> <djoyce.724444576@black.clarku.edu>
- Sender: usenet@dcs.qmw.ac.uk (Usenet News System)
- Organization: Computer Science Dept, QMW, University of London
- Lines: 72
- Nntp-Posting-Host: theoryc.dcs.qmw.ac.uk
-
- In <djoyce.724444576@black.clarku.edu>
- djoyce@black.clarku.edu (Dave Joyce) writes:
-
- >In <1992Dec12.162349.29729@dcs.qmw.ac.uk>
- >arodgers@dcs.qmw.ac.uk (Angus H Rodgers) writes:
-
- >>Are there any finitely generated infinite semigroups in which
- >>the idempotent law holds?
- >>
- >>The "free idempotent semigroup" (if that's the name for it) on
- >>2 generators has 6 elements. I don't know if the f.i.s. on 3
- >>generators is infinite, but it's certainly quite big.
- >>
- >[Description and comments for problem with an alphabet {a,b,c} deleted]
- >>
- >>Is there, nevertheless, a recipe or existence proof for arbitarily
- >>long reduced words?
-
- >This is a very interesting problem, but I haven't made any progress on it yet.
- >[....]
- >Sometimes the source of a problem helps in solving the problem. I'd like to
- >know more about it.
-
- I had some amazingly prompt responses to my article, on the day it was
- posted, at the weekend. My thanks go especially to Mark "V." Sapir and
- Nicholas Reingold, whose virtually instantaneous and simultaneous replies
- supplied all the information I needed, and convinced me that sci.math
- has some previously unsuspected oracular qualities. I'll summarise the
- replies when I have time (probably after Christmas ...). Meanwhile, I'll
- just say that the answer to my question is known, and can be found in:
-
- Lallement, Gerard
- Semigroups and combinatorial applications / [by] Gerard Lallement.
- New York : Wiley, 1979. - xiii,376p : ill ; 24cm. - (Pure and
- applied mathematics)
- 'A Wiley-Interscience publication'. - Text on lining paper. - Bibl.:
- p.357-368. - Index. - 0-471-04379-6
-
- (At least, I'm told it can; but a computer error has prevented me from
- borrowing the book and making sure. Aargh! I hate computers!)
-
- I had also better admit, with some embarrassment, that my presentation
- of the problem was confused, in that I used the term "reduced words" to
- refer to strings over the alphabet {a,b,c} which are (in the correct
- terminology) "squarefree", i.e. have no nonempty substrings of the form
- xx; *but* distinct squarefree strings may nevertheless denote equal elements
- in all idempotent semigroups -- because the reduction rule xx = x can be
- applied in both directions. (It never even entered my head that the
- backwards application could be needed.) There are, indeed, recipes for
- constructing infinite squarefree strings over a 3-character alphabet, but
- it does not follow from this that infinite 3-generated idempotent
- semigroups exist, and I'm sorry that I gave the misleading impression that
- there was such an implication.
-
- >Does anyone know examples of idempotent semigroups (or idempotent monoids)
- >besides the commutative ones? (Commutative ones are semilattices and don't
- >help with this problem.)
-
- When I dallied with this problem last year (somebody mentioned
- semilattices, and somebody else wondered what would happen if you
- dropped the commutativity condition, but none of us had worked in
- this area), I thought of some examples, and I think I reduced them all
- to this one construction (which, I now learn, is called a "rectangular
- band"): take any two sets A, B (nonempty, and not both singletons, if
- you want to avoid commutativity), and on the Cartesian product AxB
- define an associative, idempotent binary operation * by putting
- (a,b) * (a',b') := (a,b').
- --
- Gus Rodgers, Dept. of Computer Science, |
- Queen Mary & Westfield College, Mile End |
- Road, London, England. +44 71 975 5241 |
- E-mail (JANET): arodgers@dcs.qmw.ac.uk | Post in haste, repent at leisure.
-