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- Xref: sparky sci.math:16973 rec.puzzles:7945
- Newsgroups: sci.math,rec.puzzles
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU!Xenon.Stanford.EDU!snewman
- From: snewman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU (Steven Newman)
- Subject: Re: Marilyn Vos Savant's error?
- Message-ID: <1992Dec15.200256.5052@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: snewman@cs.stanford.edu (Steve Newman)
- Organization: Computer Science Department, Stanford University.
- References: <1992Dec15.012404.24027@galois.mit.edu> <1992Dec15.052211.24395@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU> <1992Dec15.063213.11742@bnr.ca>
- Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 20:02:56 GMT
- Lines: 33
-
- > |> 1) You meet a man on the street and ask him how many children he has.
- > |> He replies "two, and one is a boy." What is the probability that
- > |> his other child is also a boy?
- > |>
- > |> ...
- > |>
- > |>The answer to problem 1 is 1/3, while the answer to problem 2 is 1/2.
- > |>(One must be careful in the interpretation of the statement in problem
- > |>1; it means "I have two children, and it is not the case that both of
- > |>them are girls.")
- >
- > Sorry! You made the same mistake as the first poster!
- > The odds of the other child being a boy is 1/2 in both cases.
- > Observe:
- >
- > Case 1) Child = boy Other = ?
- > Yes -> a) Child = boy , Other = boy
- > No -> b) Child = boy , Other = girl
- > c) Child = girl, Other = boy
- > d) Child = girl, Other = girl
- > Obviously, c and d are invalid.
- >
- > ...
-
- This assumes that there is an explicit identification of one child as
- being "the child", and the other as being "the other child", *before*
- testing whether "the child" is a boy. If you make this assumption, then
- indeed the odds of "the other child" being a boy are 1/2. However, the
- assumption is invalid. In case (c), the man could still give the
- answer "two, and one is a boy"; here "one" would be "the other child",
- not "the child". So, under this analysis, case (c) is not invalid.
-
- - Steve Newman (snewman@cs.stanford.edu)
-