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- From: nyt%nyxfer%igc.apc.org@MIZZOU1.missouri.edu (NY Transfer News)
- Subject: What Now for Salvadoran Army (1 of 3)
- Message-ID: <1992Dec16.210918.8957@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
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- Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 21:09:18 GMT
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- Via The NY Transfer News Service * All the News that Doesn't Fit
-
- From el diario/La Prensa 12/14/92
-
- Translated and edited by Toby Mailman. "el Diario/La Prensa" is
- a Spanish language newspaper published in New York City.
-
- What Now for Salvadoran Army?
-
- (First of a 3-part series)
-
- In the last two years the Salvadoran armed forces have been
- on the bench of the accused, but now their guilt or innocence is
- not disputed so much as their ability to become an institution
- conscious of its true role in a democratic society.
-
- According to opposition politicians the military dominated
- this country [El Salvador] during the last 60 years and only the
- peace agreements between the government and the guerrillas opened
- up the possibility to initiate profound reforms to demilitarize
- the society.
-
- General Mauricio Vargas, second in command of the armed
- forces high command and a member of the government's peace
- commission, said that it is not fair to blame the entire
- institution and that among his criticisms is a "lack of
- historical memory."
-
- "We military people have made mistakes doing things, and the
- civilians have made mistakes not doing things, so that we all
- have to examine our consciences because the problem is not above
- all military," he added.
-
- The peace accords signed by the government of President
- Alfredo Cristiani and the Farabundo Marti National Liberation
- Front (FMLN), whose period of execution ends on Dec. 15,
- established, among other things, the reduction and purging of the
- army, which provoked resistance and criticism from within the
- army.
-
- "I give it merit for having been able to put up with
- everything, despite certain errors and abuses of authority, it is
- adjusting to the peace process, which it supported, knowing that
- it is going to be `mutilated,' not defeated," said Sigifredo
- Ochoa, a retired colonel who is currently a parliamentary deputy
- representing the government party.
-
- However, he acknowledged the need for a "cleaning...when one
- feels bad one takes a purgative to feel better. This will serve
- as a trimming, in the end it [the armed forces] will come out
- stronger," he said.
-
- Ruben Zamora, Vice President of the Legislative Assembly,
- said that "if there is a transition toward a profound
- demilitarization the armed forces will have made a trade-off,
- turning over political power in exchange for professionality and
- legitimacy."
-
- The FMLN guerrillas, who at the beginning of the 1980s
- demanded the dissolution of the armed forces, now accepts that
- that is not necessary, but that what is important is to transform
- them into an institution "called on to play a potential role in
- civil society, serving democracy," according to Leonel Gonzalez,
- of the FMLN's general command.
-
- "It won't be easy, for more than 60 years the armed forces
- exercised their dominance and accumulated a mentality of power
- and impunity and a culture of wanting to impose itself on the
- society," he added.
-
- All sectors agree that the purging will allow for the
- arrival of new officers who, in the face of a different reality,
- will more easily assimilate the transition process.
-
- "It's important that the officers of this new army
- understand that their function is to serve society and not to be
- served by society, because to the degree that it can realize that
- it will subsist," said Gerardo Le Chevalier, a Christian
- Democratic deputy.
-
- For Zamora the process of change the mentality of the armed
- forces and the "re-definition of its new role in a new stage is
- as important as the transition process of the FMLN," which must
- change from a guerrilla movement to a political party
-
- General Vargas insisted that "the past no longer counts, it
- is past and it has to be taken as a point of reference to build
- the future, not to sit on the bench of the accused, but to
- project the vision for tomorrow."
-
-
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