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- From: liang@saul.cis.upenn.edu (Chuck Liang)
- Newsgroups: rec.photo
- Subject: Major advances in camera technology (was Re: Camera Feature Wars - Photo Getting Like Video)
- Message-ID: <98631@netnews.upenn.edu>
- Date: 21 Nov 92 04:05:59 GMT
- References: <2004@intermec.UUCP> <1992Nov20.162305.1@cc.helsinki.fi> <1992Nov20.180516.28628@noao.edu>
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- Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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- In article <1992Nov20.180516.28628@noao.edu> lytle@noao.edu (Dyer Lytle CCS) writes:
- >In article <1992Nov20.162305.1@cc.helsinki.fi> mlindholm@cc.helsinki.fi writes:
- >
- >>Our whole technological culture is based on the idea that everything must be
- >>made to work ever more perfect. If a machine can be built, that is enough a
- >>justification to build it. No concern is given to whether it is needed at all
- >>or even whether it is downright bad for people (or nature). Engineering is our
- >>new religion: we have to make progress. No one knows why, but we just have to.
- >>And we want all those marvellous new technological advancements. No one knows
- >>why, but we just want.
- >Progress in camera technology, including auto exposure and auto focus, allows
- ...
-
-
- My own feelings are that most of important features important to
- pratical photography were invented decades ago, and that the so called
- current technological advances are merely refinements and advertising
- hype. Here is my chronological list of what I consider the most
- important innovations in 35mm camera technology, beginning with the
- original Leica camera with focal plane shutter.
-
- 1930. Interchangable lenses. The Leica I was modified to accept
- different screw-in lenses.
-
- 1932. Coupled rangefinder. Introduced by the Leica II and the Contax I,
- this feature means the user doesn't have to manually transfer the
- rangefinder reading to the lens manually.
-
- Around WWII: Coated lenses. I'm not sure of who invented this key
- technology. In general, post-WWII lenses are coated while pre-WWII
- ones aren't.
-
- Shortly after WWII(?). Coupled exposure meter. I don't regard
- uncoupled meters as an innovation because any moron could glue a meter
- on to his camera.
-
- Shortly after WWII. Electronic flash synchronization replaces
- earlier, cruder methods.
-
- 1949. The Contax S (and the Italian Rectaflex) introduced the SLR
- with eye-level prism. This allowed a SLR to be viewed like other
- cameras, which increased its popularity.
-
- 1954. The Asahiflex (and the earlier Hungarian Duflex) gave SLR's the
- instant return mirror. This and eye-level viewing started
- establishing the domination of the 35mm SLR over all other types of
- cameras.
-
- Around 1960. Cds exposure meters began to replace selenium cell
- meters. This allowed greater sensitivity and narrower acceptance
- angles, giving rise to the spot meter.
-
- 1960's. TTL exposure metering. I'm not sure when exactly this was
- invented and which was the first camera in incorporate it (Pentax
- Spotmatic?). This feature really made SLR's a favorite.
-
- Around 1975(?). The Olympus OM2n introduced TTL-OTF flash metering.
-
- 1985. The Minolt Maxxum 7000 popularized autofocusing, which first
- appeared in 1982 with the Pentax Me-F.
-
-
- I did not include many advancements in lens design because I'm not
- clear when exactly these advances took place. I did not mention auto
- exposure because this feature appeared on snap-shot cameras fairly
- early. It was more slowly accepted in "professional" level cameras.
- I also did not include the Canon AE-1, whose electronic interior was a
- major advancement in design, but didn't really affect the practical
- aspect of photography (except increased dependence on batteries).
-
- I do not consider features such as matrix metering to be major
- advancements because they are really refinements of more fundamental
- technologies (i.e., TTL metering). I certainly do not consider things
- like auto-zooming and barcode readers as major advancements. Is there
- anything obvious that I missed?
-
- Why is it that most of the major technologies were developed in the
- 50's and 60's? The problem is at least partly cultural. Right now,
- it nolonger matters if something is really an innovation, so long as it
- APPEARS as an innovation. Catchy slogans and fancy names are much
- easier to come by than real technological advancement. That's why
- you have things like "Introducing the Olympus IS-1, the world's first
- Zoom Lens Reflex." For those of you who don't know already, a "zoom
- lens reflex" is just a SLR with a built-in zoom lens.
-
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