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- $Unique_ID{BRK04307}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Valinemia}
- $Subject{Valinemia Hypervalinemia Valine Transaminase Deficiency }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 627:
- Valinemia
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of this article (Valinemia) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM list to find the alternate names
- and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Hypervalinemia
- Valine Transaminase Deficiency
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources" section
- of this report.
-
- Valinemia is a very rare metabolic disorder. It is characterized by
- elevated levels of the amino acid valine in the blood and urine caused by a
- deficiency of the enzyme valine transaminase. This enzyme is needed in the
- breakdown (metabolism) of valine. Infants with valinemia usually have a lack
- of appetite, vomit frequently, and fail to thrive. Low muscle tone
- (hypotonia) and hyperactivity also occur.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Valinemia is usually present at birth. Symptoms include lack of appetite,
- frequent vomiting, and failure to thrive. The levels of the amino acid
- valine in the blood and urine are elevated. Abnormally low muscle tone,
- excessive drowsiness, and/or hyperactivity can also occur. A diet low in
- valine introduced during early infancy usually improves symptoms of
- valinemia, and lowers the valine concentrations in the blood to normal
- levels.
-
- Causes
-
- Valinemia is thought to be a genetic disorder inherited through recessive
- genes. (Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the
- product of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from
- the father and one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition
- does not appear unless a person inherits the same defective gene for the same
- trait from each parent. If a person receives one normal gene and one gene
- for the disease, he or she will be a carrier for the disease, but usually
- will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the disease to the children
- of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a recessive disorder, is 25
- percent. Fifty percent of their children will be carriers, but healthy as
- described above. Twenty-five percent of their children will receive both
- normal genes, one from each parent, and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Valinemia is a very rare disorder, occurring in less than 200 persons in the
- United States. It is present in affected infants at birth.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Valinemia is treated by following a diet low in the amino acid valine with
- appropriate monitoring to avoid symptoms of valine deficiency.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- December 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Valinemia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-2162
-
- Research Trust for Metabolic Diseases in Children
- Golden Gates Lodge, Weston Rd.
- Crewe CW1 1XN, England
- Telephone: (0270) 250244
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling, please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- A SIBSHIP WITH HYPERVALINEMIA: O.S. Reddi, et al.; Human Genet (2 November
- 1977: issue 39(1)). Pp. 139-142.
-
- THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th ed.: John B. Stanbury, et
- al., eds; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp. 450-451.
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. P. 1294.
-
-