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$Unique_ID{BRK03805}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Hematuria, Benign, Familial}
$Subject{Hematuria, Benign, Familial Hematuria, Essential Hematuria, Benign,
Recurrent Alport Syndrome Chronic Renal Failure}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
699:
Hematuria, Benign, Familial
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Hematuria, Benign,
Familial) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Hematuria, Essential
Hematuria, Benign, Recurrent
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Alport Syndrome
Chronic Renal Failure
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Benign Familial Hematuria is a hereditary nonprogressive kidney disease
that begins in childhood and is characterized by blood in the urine.
Symptoms
Benign Familial Hematuria is a nonprogressive kidney disorder that usually
begins in childhood and is characterized by occasional or multiple episodes
of red blood cells in the urine, and scattered thinning of the microscopic
parts of the kidney (glomerular basement membranes). The amount of blood in
the urine may be microscopic or visible, and is often preceded by a
respiratory infection. Unlike other kidney disorders, there is little or no
blood plasma protein in the urine (proteinuria), and there is no change in
the renal (kidney) function. In children with this disorder there may be a
clearing of the urine after each episode; in adults the blood in the urine
may be more persistent.
Causes
Although the exact cause of Benign Familial Hematuria is unknown, it is often
preceded by an acute respiratory infection. There may be a genetic pre-
disposition transmitted through autosomal dominant genes. Human traits,
including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of
two genes, one received from the father and one from the mother. In dominant
disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received from either the mother
or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other normal gene and resulting
in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the disorder from
affected parent to offspring is fifty percent for each pregnancy regardless
of the sex of the resulting child. A genetic predisposition means that a
person may have a gene but may not get the disease unless something in the
environment triggers the gene to malfunction. "Familial" means this disease
tends to run in families.
Affected Population
Benign Familial Hematuria occurs more frequently in males than females, and
more often in children and young adults.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following kidney disorders can be similar to those of Benign
Familial Hematuria. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Alport Syndrome is a group of hereditary kidney disorders. They are
characterized by progressive deterioration of the glomerular basement
membranes (GBM's) which are microscopic parts of the kidney. This
deterioration may lead to chronic renal failure causing excess waste products
in the blood (uremia). Eventually severe renal failure may cause heart and
bone problems. Some types of Alport Syndrome also affect vision and hearing.
(For more information on this disorder, choose "Alport" as your search term
in the Rare Disease Database).
Chronic Renal Failure can be a complication of many kidney diseases or a
symptom of a variety of diseases and conditions. It occurs gradually when
the kidneys can no longer filter waste products from the blood. Increased
urination (polyuria), red blood cells and blood plasma proteins in the urine
(hematuria, proteinuria), high blood pressure and anemia may occur.
Therapies: Standard
Since Benign Familial Hematuria is not a progressive disorder, treatment may
not be necessary. Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and
families. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
November 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
the most current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Benign Familial Hematuria, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
National Kidney Foundation
2 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016
(212) 889-2210
(800) 622-9010
American Kidney Fund
6110 Executive Blvd., Suite 1010
Rockville, MD 20852
(301) 881-3052
(800) 638-8299
(800) 492-8361 (MD)
National Kidney and Urological Diseases Information Clearinghouse
Box NKUDIC
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 468-6345
For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th Ed.: John B. Stanbury, et al.,
eds.; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp. 299.
INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
and Co., 1987. Pp. 877.
ESTABLISHING THE DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN FAMILIAL HEMATURIA. THE IMPORTANCE
OF EXAMINING THE URINE SEDIMENT OF FAMILY MEMBERS. S. Blumenthal et al.;
JAMA, (April 15, 1988; issue 259 (15)). Pp. 2263-2266.
BENIGN FAMILIAL HEMATURIA. N. Yoshikawa et al.; ARCH PATHOL LAB MED,
(August 1988; issue 112 (8)). Pp. 794-797.