home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
CD-ROM Today (UK) (Spanish) 15
/
CDRT.iso
/
dp
/
0379
/
03795.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1994-01-17
|
10KB
|
254 lines
$Unique_ID{BRK03795}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome}
$Subject{Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome Acroosteolysis with Osteoporosis and Changes in
Skull and Mandible Arthro-dento-osteodysplasia Cheney Syndrome Gaucher's
Disease Gorham's Disease Kienboeck Disease Legg-Calve-Perthes Syndrome
Osteonecrosis}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
882:
Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome)
is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
alternate name and disorder subdivision covered by this article.
Synonyms
Acroosteolysis with Osteoporosis and Changes in Skull and Mandible
Arthro-dento-osteodysplasia
Cheney Syndrome
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Gaucher's Disease
Gorham's Disease
Kienboeck Disease
Legg-Calve-Perthes Syndrome
Osteonecrosis
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome is a rare disorder affecting the connective tissue
which supports and joins other body tissues and parts. The most distinctive
feature in patients with this disorder is a condition in which the palms of
the hands and soles of the feet have ulcerating lesions with softening and
destruction of bones (acro-osteolysis). There is also abnormal development
in bone, joints and teeth. A decrease in bone mass and changes in the skull
and jawbone are also features of this syndrome. The majority of cases are of
unknown cause but multiple cases have been reported in families, suggesting
autosomal dominant genetic transmission.
Symptoms
The main symptoms of Hadju-Cheney Syndrome are:
1. Acro-osteolysis - a condition in which the palms of the hands and
soles of the feet have ulcerating lesions and there is softening, absorption
and destruction of bony tissue.
2. Wormian Bones - tiny, smooth, segmented bones that are soft, moist
and warm to the touch.
3. A small, recessed jaw bone (mandible).
4. Osteoporosis - a decrease in bone mass making a person susceptible to
bone fractures and compression of the spine.
5. A thick depression in the back of the head.
6. Persistent open joint between the bones of the cranium.
7. Loose joints (e.g., wrists, knees, etc.).
8. Early loss of teeth.
Other symptoms of this disorder may be:
9. Short stature - usually due to the decrease in growth because of
collapse of the spinal column.
10. Small or missing frontal sinus.
11. Unequal growth of the long bones that may cause dislocations of the
bones, bowing, or outward twisting of the knees.
12. Dislocation of the bone that forms the front point of the knee
(patella).
13. High, narrow roof of the mouth (palate).
14. Hernia - break through of an organ through a tear in the muscle wall
that surrounds it.
15. Projecting ears.
16. A deep voice.
17. Distinctive facial features - such as a short neck, thick eyebrows,
coarse hair, and low set ears.
18. Hearing loss.
19. Syndactyly - the fingers or toes grow together.
Causes
The majority of cases of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome are thought to occur for no
apparent reason.
Multiple cases of this disorder occuring in one family are thought to be
inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Human traits, including the
classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of two genes,
one received from the father and one from the mother. In dominant disorders
a single copy of the disease gene (received from either the mother or father)
will be expressed "dominating" the other normal gene and resulting in the
appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the disorder from
affected parent to offspring is fifty percent for each pregnancy regardless
of the sex of the resulting child.
Affected Population
Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome affects males and females in equal numbers. This
disorder is very rare. There have been approximately 30 reported cases in
the medical literature. Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome has been found in the United
States, western and central Europe.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Hajdu-Cheney
Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Gaucher Disease is an inherited disease of lipid metabolism caused by the
failure to produce the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. There are three types of
Gaucher's Disease - Types I, II, and III. In Types I and III bone
deterioration is the major problem and can affect any part of the body.
Other symptoms of Type I and III may include an enlarged spleen or liver, a
low blood count, bone pain, gastric problems or delayed growth. In Type III
seizures, mental retardation, abnormal eye movement, or jerking motions of
the limbs, head, and upper body may also occur. (For more information on
this disorder choose "Gaucher" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database).
Gorham's Disease is an extremely rare bone disorder characterized by bone
loss often associated with swelling or abnormal blood vessel growth
(angiomatous proliferation). Bone loss may occur in just one bone or spread
to soft tissue and adjacent bone in such places as the hand, arm, shoulder,
ribs, part of the pelvis, thighbone, or jaw. This disorder affects males
slightly more often than females and occurs in all age groups. (For more
information on this disorder choose "Gorham" as your search term in the Rare
Disease Database).
Kienboeck Disease is an acquired bone disorder of the wrist caused by
inflammation or injury. Degenerative changes of the lunate bone occur such
as softening, deterioration, fragmentation or compression. These changes may
produce pain, swelling, tenderness, thickening and/or stiffness in the
overlying tissues of the wrist. The range of motion may become restricted.
Healing occurs through formation of new bone in some cases. (For more
information on this disorder choose "Kienboeck" as your search term in the
Rare Disease Database).
Legg-Calve-Perthes Syndrome is a rare bone disorder affecting the hip
joint. Abnormalities in bone growth early in life may result in permanent
deformity of the hip joint several years later. The bone may become shorter
than normal, causing a noticeable limp. (For more information on this
disorder choose "Legg-Calve-Perthes" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database).
Osteonecrosis is the destruction of a bone (necrosis) due to inadequate
circulation of blood. It most commonly affects the joints and bones of the
hips, knees or shoulder. It often occurs as the result of bone injuries or
in conjunction with other diseases and conditions. (For more information on
this disorder choose "Osteonecrosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database).
Therapies: Standard
Patients with Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome should have regular neurological checkups
in order to detect any complications due to the bone abnormalities. Hearing
and sight should be checked when this disorder has been diagnosed. To help
prevent developmental delay and proper muscle and skeletal
function, occupational and physical therapy may be used.
When patients have severe destruction of bony tissue, surgery and/or bone
grafting may be performed.
Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
January 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Hadju-Cheney Syndrome, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
Coalition of Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue
c/o National Marfan Foundation
382 Main St.
Port Washington, NY 11050
(516) 944-5412
The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
Clearinghouse
Box AMS
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 495-4484
For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 9th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick, Editor: Johns
Hopkins University Press, 1990. Pp. 17-18.
BIRTH DEFECTS ENCYCLOPEDIA, Mary Louise Buyse, M.D., Editor-In-Chief;
Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990. Pp. 827-829.
CERVICAL INSTABILITY AS AN UNUSUAL MANIFESTATION OF HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME
OF ACROOSTEOLYSIS: D. Herscovici Jr., et al.; Clin Orthop (June, 1990, issue
255). Pp. 111-6.
A 20 YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF A CASE OF SURGICALLY TREATED MASSIVE
OSTEOLYSIS: S. Turra, et al.; Clin Orthop (January, 1990, issue 250). Pp.
297-302.
HIGH TURNOVER OSTEOPOROSIS IN ACRO-OSTEOLYSIS (HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME):
V. Nunziata, et al.; J Endocrinol Invest (March, 1990, issue 13(3)). Pp.
251-5.