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$Unique_ID{BRK03794}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Hageman Factor Deficiency}
$Subject{Hageman Factor Deficiency Factor XII Deficiency HAF Deficiency
Hageman Trait Factor IX Deficiency Factor XIII Deficiency}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
499:
Hageman Factor Deficiency
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible the main title of the article (Hageman Deficiency) is not
the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next page to
find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by
this article.
Synonyms
Factor XII Deficiency
HAF Deficiency
Hageman Trait
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Factor IX Deficiency
Factor XIII Deficiency
General Discussion
** IMPORTANT **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Hageman Factor Deficiency is a genetic blood disorder. It is caused by a
lack in activity of the Hageman factor in blood plasma, a single-chain
glycoprotein which is also called Factor XII. This factor is needed for
blood clotting. However, when it is deficient, other blood clotting factors
tend to compensate for Factor XII. This disorder usually presents no
symptoms and is only accidentally discovered through pre-operative blood
tests that are required by hospitals.
Symptoms
Hageman Factor Deficiency may rarely cause blood clots at an early age.
Blood clots that inhibit circulation through arteries can have serious
consequences. If the blood clot interrupts blood supply to the heart
(myocardial infarction) it may cause tissue death of the heart muscle.
Another possible result of Hageman Factor Deficiency is inflammation of a
vein associated with a blood clot (thrombophlebitis).
An unusual tendency to bleed is not present in patients with this
disorder. Red spots on the skin (petecchiae or ecchymoses) are absent as
well. However, a test measuring clotting time shows that it takes an
abnormally long time for the blood to clot in affected patients. Serum
prothrombin and thromboplastin time (which are other tests related to blood
clotting), are usually also abnormal. The blood level of Hageman Factor
tends to vary greatly.
Causes
Hageman Factor Deficiency is a genetic disorder inherited through autosomal
recessive genes. The defect is believed to be either on chromosome 6 or 7.
(Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear
unless a person inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one
receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a
carrier for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of
transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
parent and will be genetically normal.) The exact mechanism of inheritance
is still being investigated.
Affected Population
Hageman Factor Deficiency affects persons of Oriental heritage more often
than those of European descent. Males and females are affected in equal
numbers. In about 10% of cases, the parents of patients with this disorder
are closely related.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Hageman Factor
Deficiency. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Factor IX Deficiency is a severe genetic bleeding disorder that resembles
classic Hemophilia A, although it occurs only one-fifth as often as
Hemophilia. Factor IX is a component of the blood clotting substance,
thromboplastin; it is deficient at birth in patients with this disorder.
Factor IX Deficiency varies in severity and occurs most often in males. In
rare instances, female carriers have been known to exhibit this deficiency in
a mild form. Symptoms include prolonged bleeding episodes, and in very
severe cases, joint pain and bone deformities. (For more information on this
disorder, choose "Factor IX" as your search term in the Rare Disease
Database.)
Factor XIII Deficiency is an extremely rare genetic bleeding disorder.
It is characterized by slow, oozing internal bleeding occurs several days
after mild or severe injury. Poor wound healing and excessive bleeding from
wounds are less common symptoms. About 100 cases of Factor XIII Deficiency
have been described in the medical literature. Males and females are
affected equally. With treatment, patients with this disorder can expect to
live a normal life span. Without treatment, however, intracranial bleeding
may eventually be life threatening. (For more information on this disorder,
choose "Factor XIII" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Therapies: Standard
Hageman Factor Deficiency can be diagnosed by testing the blood of a person
suspected to have the disorder with blood from a person known to have it. If
the suspected blood does not correct the deficiency in the deficient blood,
we know it is deficient as well. Treatment for this disorder is usually not
necessary since the bleeding is only mild.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through June
1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Hageman Factor Deficiency, please contact
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
National Hemophilia Foundation
The Soho Building #406
110 Greene Street
New York, NY 10012
(212) 219-8180
NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-4236
For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th ed.: John B. Stanbury, et al.,
eds; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp. 1548-1549.
MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1986. Pp. 1015-1016.
THE CONTACT ACTIVATION SYSTEM: BIOCHEMISTRY AND INTERACTIONS OF THESE
SURFACE-MEDIATED DEFENSE REACTIONS: R.W. Colman, et al.; Crc Crit Rev Oncol
Hematol (1986: issue 5(1)). Pp. 57-85.
IMMUNOBLOTTING STUDIES OF COAGULATION FACTOR XII, PLASMA PREKALLIKREIN,
AND HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT KININOGEN: B. Lammle, et al.; Semin Thromb Hemost
(January 1987: issue 13(1)). Pp. 106-114.