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- $Unique_ID{BRK03405}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Aarskog Syndrome}
- $Subject{Aarskog Syndrome Faciogenital Dysplasia Faciodigitogenital Syndrome
- FDGY AAS Juberg-Hayword Syndrome Nager Acrofacial Dysostosis
- Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 615:
- Aarskog Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Aarskog Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Faciogenital Dysplasia
- Faciodigitogenital Syndrome
- FDGY
- AAS
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Juberg-Hayword Syndrome
- Nager Acrofacial Dysostosis
- Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Aarskog Syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder marked by distinctive
- structural abnormalities. Major symptoms may include stunted growth, broad
- facial features, short broad hands and feet, genital abnormalities and mild
- mental retardation.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Aarskog Syndrome is characterized by short stature. Very widely spaced eyes
- (hypertelorism) with drooping eyelids (ptosis), and a short broad nose are
- facial features of this disorder. Low-set floppy ears, short broad hands
- with stubby fingers and very extendible joints, wide flat feet with bulbous
- toes, and a sunken chest (pectus excavatum) are also present. Genital
- abnormalities such as a scrotal fold extending dorsally around the base of
- the penis (shawl scrotum), and undescended testicles (cryptorchidism) occur.
- Hernias located in the groin area (inguinal), cleft lip and teeth deformities
- as well as mild mental retardation may also be present.
-
- Causes
-
- Aarskog Syndrome is thought to be a sex-linked dominant disorder. The
- genetic defect is located on the Xq13 chromosome. (Human traits including
- the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of two
- genes, one received from the father and one from the mother. In X-linked
- dominant disorders the female with only one X chromosome affected will
- develop the disease. However, the affected male always has a more severe
- condition.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Aarskog Syndrome affects males more often than females, and the disorder is
- more serious in males.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Aarskog
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Juberg-Hayword Syndrome (Orocraniodigital Syndrome) is a rare hereditary
- disorder characterized by cleft lip and palate, a smaller than normal sized
- head, deformities of the thumbs and toes, and growth hormone deficiency
- resulting in short stature.
-
- Nager Acrofacial Dysostosis (Mandibulofacial Dysostosis) is a rare
- hereditary disorder marked by abnormal facial development. Cleft lip and
- palate, defective development of bones of the jaw and arms, and smaller than
- normal thumbs are characteristics of this disorder.
-
- Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome (OFD) is a genetic disorder marked by
- distinctive structural abnormalities. Major symptoms include many episodic
- neuromuscular disturbances, congenital malformations such as cleft palate,
- other facial deformities, malformation of the hands and feet, and shortened
- limbs. Mental retardation also occurs but varies in degree from mild to
- severe. (For more information on this disorder, choose "OFD" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Aarskog Syndrome may include surgery to correct hernias,
- undescended testicles and cleft lip and palate. Genetic counseling is
- recommended for patients and their families. Other treatment is symptomatic
- and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Researchers are trying to locate the gene that causes Aarskog Syndrome.
- Families with this disorder having two generations of affected individuals
- should contact:
-
- Dr. Richard A. Lewis, Associate Professor
- Depts. of Ophthalmology, Medicine, Pediatrics, and the Institute for
- Molecular Genetics
- Baylor College of Medicine
- 6501 Fanin, NC 206
- Houston, TX 77030
- (713) 798-3030
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Aarskog Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Aarskog Syndrome Support Group
- 62 Robin Hill Lane
- Levittown, PA 10955
- (215) 943-7131
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 3, 1349.
-
- ANOMALOUS CEREBRAL VENOUS DRAINAGE IN AARSKOG SYNDROME: P. van den
- Bergh, et al.; Clin Genet (March 1984, issue 25(3)). Pp. 288-294.
-
- AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT INHERITANCE OF THE AARSKOG SYNDROME: R.E. Grier, et
- al.; Am J Med Genet (May 1983, issue 15(1)). Pp. 39-46.
-
- THE AARSKOG (FACIO-DIGITAL-GENITAL) SYNDROME IN SOUTH AFRICA. A REPORT
- OF THREE FAMILIES: M. de Saxe, et al.; S Afr Med J (February 1984, issue 65
- 8)). Pp. 299-303.
-
-