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91-10-02.DLY
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1991-10-03
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DAILY SUMMARY OF SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY
02 OCTOBER, 1991
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
(Based In-Part On SESC Observational Data)
SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICES FOR 02 OCTOBER
-----------------------------------------------------
!!BEGIN!! (1.0) S.T.D. Solar Geophysical Data Broadcast for DAY 275, 10/02/91
10.7 FLUX=220.5 90-AVG=200 SSN=252 BKI=3456 4432 BAI=030
BGND-XRAY=C1.5 FLU1=3.0E+07 FLU10=3.0E+05 PKI=5556 5543 PAI=052
BOU-DEV=035,061,111,123,065,069,035,010 DEV-AVG=063 NT SWF=01:001
XRAY-MAX= M1.0 @ 0127UT XRAY-MIN= C1.3 @ 2039UT XRAY-AVG= C2.3
NEUTN-MAX= +001% @ 1620UT NEUTN-MIN= -004% @ 2045UT NEUTN-AVG= -1.3%
PCA-MAX= +0.3DB @ 1305UT PCA-MIN= -0.2DB @ 2150UT PCA-AVG= +0.0DB
BOUTF-MAX=55342NT @ 0001UT BOUTF-MIN=55215NT @ 1212UT BOUTF-AVG=55275NT
GOES7-MAX=E:+146NT@ 0227UT GOES7-MIN=N:-081NT@ 1226UT G7-AVG=+068,+080,-000
GOES6-MAX=P:+125NT@ 0009UT GOES6-MIN=E:-080NT@ 0818UT G6-AVG=+078,+002,+026
FLUXFCST=STD:225,230,230;SESC:225,230,235 BAI/PAI-FCST=020,010,010/035,020,017
KFCST=4445 5433 3344 5433 27DAY-AP=017,016 27DAY-KP=4333 3432 4333 3221
WARNINGS=*MAJFLR;*PROTON;*PROTFLR;*PCA;*GSTRM;*AURMIDWRN
ALERTS=**MINSTRM;**MINFLR:M1.0@0127;**PROTNENH
!!END-DATA!!
BRIEF SUMMARY OF EVENTS
-----------------------
Solar activity remained moderate today. Region 6853 (S21E03) only
managed to produce a single M-class flare at 01:27 UT on 02 October. This
event was rated a class M1.0/SN event and was not particularly interesting.
Region 6850 (S11W21) and 6853 (S21E03) became a bit more dormant today.
Growth also slowed in both regions. Region 6850 is the most complex system
on the disk (beta-gamma-delta). It is also very large, covering an area of
near 4,500 million square kilometers, and is still a formidable and
potentially powerful solar region.
Region 6855 (N18E07) grew in size today but did not produce anything
more substantial than minor subflares.
Solar activity should continue moderate over the next 24 hours at least.
There remains a risk for an isolated major flare, primarily from Region 6850.
However, most of the activity should remain within the C-class or minor
M-class levels.
Geomagnetic activity ranged from active to major storm levels today.
Field stabilization has begun and should continue over the next 24 to 48
hours. By 04 or 05 October, conditions should be mostly unsettled to active.
Widespread auroral activity was evident during the local evening hours
of 02 October. Activity was not quite energetic enough to be viewed from the
lower latitudes. However, there could have been a few favorable places where
activity was seen. We have not received any reports of low latitude
sightings at this time. Activity peaked after 09:00 UT. High latitude
reports of brilliant auroral activity were received, with fluctuating streaks
of red and green and rapid pulsations. Activity over the high latitudes were
observed in almost every quadrant of the sky.
HF propagation conditions were significantly degraded over many middle,
high, and polar latitude regions. It appears as though the southern
hemisphere may have experienced the most adverse conditions. Reports from
Australia indicated that the usable bandwidth was significantly narrowed with
high levels of fading, flutter and distortion. Conditions in all areas
should begin to improve noticably over the next 24 to 48 hours. A return to
near normal conditions is anticipated by 04 or 05 October, barring further
major solar events.
ADDITIONAL SOLAR NEWS ITEM
--------------------------
Beginning at 12:00 UT on 03 October, an intensive campaign involving the
orbiting Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO), the Japanese Yohkoh satellite, and as
many ground-based instruments as possible will be used to study solar
gamma-rays, hard X-rays and neutron emissions from solar flares. This
campaign will last two weeks and will end at 12:00 UT on 17 October.
Participation from as many observatories as possible is requested.
At 12:00 UT on 03 October, the Z-axis of the Gamma Ray Observatory will
be pointed to within a few degrees of the quasar 3C-273. Since the Sun will
lie less than 15 degrees from this Z-axis position throughout the two week
period, most of the spacecrafts' powerful complement of instruments will also
see the Sun.
At the same time, the Japanese Yohkoh satellite (Solar-A) will continue
to undergo tests and checkouts. Although this spacecraft is not expected to
become fully operational during this campaign period, it is probable that the
satellite will be returning highly significant scientific data. The Solar-A
satellite has already returned high-quality soft X-ray images of the Sun.
The primary objectives of this campaign are: to accurately measure all
phases of impulsive and gradual solar flares in hard X-rays with high
sensitivity and moderate spectral resolution; to accurately quantify
gamma-ray line emissions; and to measure the gamma-ray continuum and neutron
fluxes to the highest possible energies.
Most of the highly sensitive instruments of the GRO spacecraft will be
used during this campaign. The Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE)
will be used to determine which regions on the Sun are producing the most
energetic flares. This data will be used to determine which regions should
be targetted. After a region has been targetted, instruments will stay
targetted on that region as long as it is active in order to help develop a
database of region development and evolution. Only until a region of clearly
higher flare potential becomes visible will the target be changed. The BATSE
instrument will be used to provide sensitive measurements of solar x-rays and
gamma-rays during the sunlit portions of the GRO orbit.
Additional GRO instrumentation which will be used include:
The Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE). This instrument
will not be a critical component in this campaign, but will occassionally be
slewed to the Sun for observation periods of about 1000 seconds in response
to a BATSE solar trigger. The purpose of this instrument is to measure
photons with energy ranges between 50 keV and 10 MeV.
The Imaging Compton Telescope (COMPTEL) will be operating its high energy
omni-directional detector over the 1 to 10 MeV range and its telescope
detectors over the 800 keV to 30 MeV range. These instruments provide
excellent gamma-ray continuum and gamma-ray spectral line observations, as
well as the direct detection of incoming neutrons. Another valuable feature
of this telescope is its ability to determine the velocities of incoming
neutrons. It is therefore an excellent instrument for determining neutron
energies.
The Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) will be used to measure
the energy levels of photons between 20 MeV and 30 GeV. This instrument will
be used during this campaign to study the high energy component of solar
flare emissions.
There are many other institutions which will be contributing data during
this campaign. The following are a few of the additional instruments which
will be focused on the Sun during this two week observing period.
D. Gary and G. Hurford from Owens Valley, California, will be operating a
frequency-agile interferometer which will be operating in its full
five-element configuration (1 - 18 GHz).
A. Benz of Zurich, Switzerland should be operating the Phoenix Digital Radio
Spectrometer. This instrument typically observes 200 frequencies with a time
resolution of 0.1 second. It should operate between its maximum frequency
range of 0.1 to 3 GHz.
A. Kiplinger, L. Orwig, G. Labow and B. Dennis of Boulder, Colorado will be
operating a high speed Hydrogen-Alpha Camera system which will photograph the
sun with a field of view of 3x3 arc-minutes. This instrument will image the
Sun at centerline H-Alpha and 1.3 Angstroms blueward of the centerline.
R. Canfield of Hawaii at the Mees Solar Observatory will be operating the
Stoke's Polarimeter and the Imaging Spectrograph throughout the campaign.
Additionally, a world-wide complement of magnetic imaging equipment
providing critical vector and longitudinal magnetic images will be used to
measure the magnetic evolution of active solar regions.
The Space Environment Laboratories will serve as a collection point for
data and the guidance center targetting operations. They will also provide
advisories and other pertinent information and support for this campaign.
** End of Daily Update **