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$Unique_ID{COW03824}
$Pretitle{297}
$Title{Uruguay
Statistical Profile of Uruguay}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
rate
government
new
billion
est
national
brazil
growth
million}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*75400010.aud
Map of Uruguay*0382401.scf
Flag of Uruguay*0382402.scf
}
Country: Uruguay
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Uruguay]
[See Flag of Uruguay]
Statistical Profile of Uruguay
Geography
Total area: 176,220 km2; land area: 173,620 km2
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Washington State
Land boundaries: 1,564 km total; Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km
Coastline: 660 km
Maritime claims:
Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation
Territorial sea: 200 nm (overflight and navigation permitted
beyond 12 nm)
Disputes: short section of boundary with Argentina is in dispute; two
short sections of the boundary with Brazil are in dispute (Arroyo de la
Invernada area of the Rio Quarai and the islands at the confluence of the
Rio Quarai and the Uruguay)
Climate: warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
Terrain: mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland
Natural resources: soil, hydropower potential, minor minerals
Land use: 8% arable land; NEGL% permanent crops; 78% meadows and pastures;
4% forest and woodland; 10% other; includes 1% irrigated
Environment: subject to seasonally high winds, droughts, floods
People
Population: 2,988,813 (July 1989), growth rate 0.4% (1989)
Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 10 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: - 2 migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 34 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 68 years male, 75 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 2.3 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Uruguayan(s); adjective--Uruguayan
Ethnic divisions: 88% white, 8% mestizo, 4% black
Religion: 66% Roman Catholic (less than half adult population attends
church regularly), 2% Protestant, 2% Jewish, 30% nonprofessing or other
Language: Spanish
Literacy: 94%
Labor force: 1,300,000; 25% government, 19% manufacturing,
11% agriculture, 12% commerce, 12% utilities, construction, transport, and
communications, 21% other services (1988 est.)
Organized labor: Interunion Workers' Assembly/National Workers'
Confederation (PIT/CNT) Labor Federation
Government
Long-form name: Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Type: republic
Capital: Montevideo
Administrative divisions: 19 departments (departamentos,
singular--departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno,
Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro,
Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres
Independence: 25 August 1828 (from Brazil)
Constitution: 27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended
27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980
Legal system: based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: Independence Day, 25 August (1828)
Branches: executive, headed by president; bicameral National Congress
(Senate and House of Deputies); national judiciary headed by Court of Justice
Leaders: Julio M. SANGUINETTI, President (since March 1985);
Enrique E. TARIGO, Vice President (since March 1985)
Suffrage: universal over age 18
Elections: held every five years; last held November 1984; next
scheduled for November 1989
Political parties and leaders: National (Blanco) Party, Roberto Rubio;
Colorado Party, Enrique Tarigo; Broad Front Coalition, Liber Seregni; Communist
Party, Jaime Perez; Civic Union, Humberto Ciganda; Government of the People
(List 99), Hugo Batalla; National Liberation Movement (MLN) or Tupamaros,
Raul Sendic Antonaccio
Voting strength: (1984 elections) 41% Colorado, 35% Blanco, 22% Broad
Front, 2% Civic Union
Communists: 50,000
Member of: CCC, FAO, G-77, GATT, Group of Eight, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
IDB--Inter-American Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT,
INTERPOL, IRC, ITU, LAIA, OAS, PAHO, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Hector LUISI; Chancery at
1918 F Street NW, Washington DC 20006; telephone (202) 331-1313 through 1316;
there are Uruguayan Consulates General in Los Angeles, Miami, and New York,
and a Consulate in New Orleans;
US--Ambassador Malcolm R. WILKEY; Embassy at Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo
(mailing address is APO Miami 34035); telephone [598] (2) 40-90-51
Flag: nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating
with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow
sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May and 16 rays alternately
triangular and wavy
Economy
Overview: The economy is slowly recovering from the deep recession of
1981-84. In 1986 real GDP grew by 6.6% and by 4.9% in 1987. The recovery was
led by growth in the agriculture and fishing sectors, agriculture alone
contributing 20% to GDP, employing about 20% of the labor force, and generating
a large proportion of export earnings. Raising livestock, particularly cattle
and sheep, is the major agricultural activity. In 1988, despite healthy exports
and an improved current account, domestic growth slowed because of government
concentration on the external sector, adverse weather conditions, and prolonged
strikes. High inflation rates of nearly 70%, a large domestic debt, and frequent
strikes remain major economic problems for the government.
GDP: $7.5 billion, per capita $2,530; real growth rate 1% (1988 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 69% (1988)
Unemployment rate: 9.0% (1988 est.)
Budget: revenues $1.2 billion; expenditures $1.3 billion,
including capital expenditures of $93.3 million (1987)
Exports: $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 1988 est.); commodities--hides and
leather goods 17%, beef 10%, wool 9%, fish 7%, rice 4%;
partners--Brazil 17%, US 15%, FRG 10%, Argentina 10% (1987)
Imports: $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1988 est.); commodities--fuels and
lubricants 15%, metals, machinery, transportation equipment, industrial
chemicals; partners--Brazil 24%, Argentina 14%, US 8%, FRG 8% (1987)
External debt: $6 billion (1988)
Industrial production: growth rate 1.5% (1988 est.)
Electricity: 1,889,000 kW capacity; 4,204 million kWh produced,
1,410 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: meat processing, wool and hides, sugar, textiles, footwear,
leather apparel, tires, cement, fishing, petroleum refining, wine
Agriculture: large areas devoted to extensive livestock grazing; wheat,
rice, corn, sorghum; self-sufficient in most basic foodstuffs
Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $105 million; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-86), $233 million;
Communist countries (1970-87), $69 million
Currency: new Uruguayan peso (plural--pesos);
1 new Uruguayan peso (N$Ur) = 100 centesimos
Exchange rates: new Uruguayan pesos (N$Ur) per US $1--460.68
(January 1989), 359.39 (1988), 226.67 (1987), 151.99 (1986), 101.43 (1985)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Railroads: 3,000 km, all 1.435-meter standard gauge and government owned
Highways: 49,900 km total; 6,700 km paved, 3,000 km gravel, 40,200 km
earth
Inland waterways: 1,600 km; used by coastal and shallow-draft river craft
Ports: Montevideo, Punta del Este
Merchant marine: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 70,499 GRT/123,229
DWT; includes 2 cargo, 3 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker,
1 container; note--in addition, 2 naval tankers are sometimes used commercially
Civil air: 14 major transport aircraft
Airports: 95 total, 92 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways;
2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 15 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
T