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1991-06-25
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$Unique_ID{COW03823}
$Pretitle{274}
$Title{Uganda
Introduction}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{}
$Affiliation{}
$Subject{uganda
government
kenya
miles
}
$Date{}
$Log{}
Country: Uganda
Book: Profile: Republic of Uganda
Introduction
GEOGRAPHY: Uganda, 93,981 sq. miles (slightly smaller than Oregon) lies
astride the Equator, right in the heart of Africa. It is bordered by
Zaire - W, Sudan - N, Kenya E, Tanzania and Rwanda S. The nearest port is 800
miles at Mombasa, Kenya. The alternative route to the sea is Dares-Salaam,
1000 miles across Lake Victoria. Uganda is a highland plateau with moderate
temperature and 2 well distributed rainy seasons. Ruwenzori-Mountains of the
Moon, 16,764 ft. is snow capped all year round, forming part of the border
with Zaire. On the east border is Elgon, one of the world's largest volcanic
mountain (extinct) 14,178 ft. Uganda's large fresh water lakes and swamps are
18% of total area, 12% is equatorial forest and game reserve and 70% is
tropical forest and woodland savannah. Uganda is endowed with fertile soil,
adequate rainfall, suitable for crop agriculture and animal husbandry.
Minerals include copper, cobalt, gold, limestone, iron, hydrocarbons, granite,
wolfram, phosphates, salt and columbite. Kampala is the capital and Entebbe is
the international Airport. At Jinja, the River Nile, (World's longest) starts
its 4,160 mile journey to the Mediterranean. The Owen Falls Dam provides
hydro-power for Kenya and Uganda and there is immense potential for future
development.
PEOPLE: 1987 estimates put Uganda's population at slightly over 16
million. Kampala is 500,000. 90% Ugandans live in rural areas on individually
owned small farms and are engaged in agriculture, by nature, a hardworking
people. Highest population density is around Mount Elgon, the Lake Victoria
Crescent and the South West Highlands. The population is mainly African of
three main ethnic groups. English is the official language. Swahili and
Luganda are widely spoken.
GOVERNMENT Uganda is a Republic headed by an Executive President. After
5 years a struggle against dictatorship, the National Resistance Movement
(N.R.M.) and Army (N.R.A.), headed by Yoweri Kaguta Museveni took power on
January 26, 1986. The N.R.M. Government is broad-based, drawn from all the
Political Parties that took part in the 1980 General Election and the Fighting
Forces that opposed Obote between 1980 - 1985.
The President exercises Executive powers in conjuction with the Cabinet,
the National Resistance Council (NRC) exercises legislative powers. The
Judiciary is independent under a Chief Justice. Independent Public Service
Commissions appoint and discipline public servants. The Inspect General of
Government ensures fair play between the people and the Administration,
including fighting corruption and misuse of public office. Local Government is
in the hands of elected Resistance Councils 1 to 5 whose terms of office is 2
years.
Cotton ginning, coffee curing and sugar account for 17% of industrial
value, manufacturing of food products - tea, dairy, grain and processed foods
providing 6% and miscellaneous manufacturing industries, including beverages,
tobacco, textiles, soap, steel, building materials and paper accounting for
77%.
COMMUNICATIONS:- Uganda used to have a very good network of all weather
roads which were allowed to go into disrepair. Major communications constitute
17,000 miles of roads and 800 miles of railroads linking the rich agricultural
interior to the capital Kampala. The North Corridor from Southern Africa runs
through Uganda to the Kenya Coast, so does the trans-Africa Highway from
Mombasa in Kenya to Lagos, Nigeria (the Uganda/Kenya section is complete).
Uganda's Satellite Earth Station facilitates fast telecommunications by phone,
telex, facsimile and television. Entebbe International Airport has a long
runway. Uganda Airlines, Kenya Airways, Tanzania Airways, Air Rwanda, Sabena,
Ethiopian Airlines and Aeroflot operate international flights. Uganda Airlines
and Katatumba Airways operate internal flights. Bel Air and Uganda Police
Airwing Offer Small Aircraft Charter Services. A wagon ferry service links
Uganda across lake Victoria to Kisumu in Kenya and Mwanza in Tanzania.
NRM ADMINISTRATION: Uganda should be one of the richest countries in
Africa, blessed with abundant rainfall, fertile soil and an energetic people.
For a few years following independence in 1962, Uganda had a well-diversified
economy. Real Gross National Product (GNP) grew by 5%, suggesting a minimum
per capita growth of 2%. Government revenues increased faster than
expenditures allowing it to finance significant development activities.
Domestic savings averaged 15% and the country enjoyed a healthy balance of
payment with a significant reserve. Between 1966 and 1985, Uganda went through
a period of political turmoil, economic mismanagement, corruption and civil
wars. The economic situation inherited by the N.R.M. Government in January
1986 was catastropic. Rich agricultural areas were turned into wasteland,
their inhabitants killed or displaced, the infrastructure was destroyed,
manufacturing and transportation were also largely destroyed, the currency was
grossly overvalued, inflation ran rampant and the budget deficit was out of
control. It also inherited a considerable foreign debt.
The N.R.M. Government has brought peace and stability to the country,
restored the rule of law and respect for human rights. A Human Rights
Commission, headed by a High Court Judge was instituted to monitor human
rights violations. A Constitutional Commission has been charged with drafting
a Constitution acceptable to the people of Uganda. The N.R.M. set itself a
limited political agenda outlined in a Ten Point Program.
In 1987, the Government announced a major economic program for
rehabilitation and reconstruction supported by World Bank, IMF, the Paris Club
and USAID.
Christmas Day - December 25
Boxing Day - December 26
Measure: - Metric System
Driving: - Keep Left.
Contact: - Embassy of the Republic of Uganda
5909 16th Street N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20011
Phone (202) 726-7100
Telex: 440338
Telefax (202) 726-1727
Permanent Mission for the Republic of Uganda to
The United Nations
336 East 45th Street
New York, NY 10017
Phone: (212) 949-0110
Telex: 234554
Uganda High Commission
231 Cobourg Street
Ottawa Ontario KIN BJ2
Phone: (613) 233-7797/8
Telex: 534469