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$Unique_ID{COW00143}
$Pretitle{259}
$Title{Angola
The SADCC Programme of Action}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Southern African Development Coordination Conference}
$Affiliation{Southern African Development Coordination Conference}
$Subject{sadcc
development
regional
telephone
telex
food
projects
states
ministry
programme}
$Date{1988}
$Log{}
Country: Angola
Book: Southern African Development Coordination Conference a Handbook
Author: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
Affiliation: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
Date: 1988
The SADCC Programme of Action
The Programme of Action comprises the programmes and projects in the
following sectors:-
Energy Conservation and Development, Food, Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Industry and Trade, Manpower Development, Mining, Tourism and
Transport and Communications.
Once a programme is prepared and approved, the regional projects are,
where necessary, presented to SADCC's cooperating partners at the Annual
Consultative Conference.
If a cooperating partner expresses interest in a project, it is then the
primary responsibility of the country or countries directly involved and
assisted as appropriate by the Sector Coordinator, to negotiate and implement
the project. The role of SADCC, its commissions and committees, is to help
define regional priorities, to assist in mobilising resources, and to maximise
the regional impact of projects, i.e. SADCC is a coordinating rather than an
executing agency.
Energy Conservation and Development
(coordinated by Angola)
Lack of adequate and economic energy supplies is a major constraint on
development for several countries in the region whose petroleum, and in three
cases electricity, import bills exceed 25% of export earnings. On the other
hand there are great opportunities for development through the exploitation of
hydroelectric power as well as through maximising the exploitation of coal,
natural gas and petroleum resources in the region. It is also a priority of
the SADCC states to develop new and renewable sources of energy to reduce
dependence on non-renewable sources and on imports, and to prevent
environmental degradation.
The SADCC States produced a joint statement on regional energy policy for
the UN Conference on New and Renewable Sources of Energy in July 1981.
A programme of action, based on a comprehensive study of the needs and
resources of the region, has been produced and projects have been selected
covering oil, coal, electricity and new and renewable sources of energy as
well as the training of energy personnel.
Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources
SADCC's food and agriculture programmes are designed to contribute
towards regional food security through increased food production, and to raise
income levels through production of cash crops. The natural resources
programmes are developed to exploit and manage the natural resource base in
order to increase food, agriculture and livestock production, in a manner that
safeguards balanced ecosystems and protects the overall environment.
Responsibility for coordinating regional programmes is allocated to
member States as follows:
Overall Coordination - Zimbabwe
Agricultural Research - Botswana
Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife - Malawi
Food Security - Zimbabwe
Livestock Production and Animal Disease
Control - Botswana
Soil and Water Conservation and Land Utilization - Lesotho
Agricultural Research and Training
The Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural Research
(SACCAR) was established in 1985 to coordinate regional efforts in the field
of agricultural research, with the following objectives:
- strengthening national agricultural research systems and capabilities:
- promotion, rapid and continuous provision, interchange and utilisation
of scientific and technical information:
- the generation of new technologies needed by farmers to raise the
productivity of food and non-food crops, livestock, fisheries and forestry
through regional collaborative projects and inter-country liaison;
- the promotion and dissemination of available technology;
- the promotion and implementation of studies of problems common to all
or to several member States and the initiation of cooperative research to
overcome them;
- provision of such regional support services and functions as may be
necessary to assist and inform national and regional research activities.
Major projects undertaken by SACCAR include improvement in Sorghum and
Millet, Grain Legume and Land Water Management. In addition, grants are
provided, under the auspices of SACCAR, for different aspects of research.
SACCAR also publishes a monthly Newsletter on research programmes and
projects, and is co-publisher of the SADCC-Zimbabwe Journal of Agricultural
Research; with the Department of Research and Specialist Services of the
Ministry of Agriculture of Zimbabwe.
Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife
SADCC member States have a vast natural resource base, and the SADCC
Programme of Action focuses on the development of these natural resources.
Fisheries
Inland waters in the SADCC region, cover about 5.7m sq. km. and over
300,000 tonnes of fish are harvested a year. The bulk of this yield, comes
from the maritime states namely, Angola, Mozambique and Tanzania. Although the
development of fisheries puts more emphasis on commercial fishing, artisanal
fishing is also given attention.
Forestry
60% of the SADCC region consists of woodland, and 9% of the land has been
set aside for environmental management which includes conservation and
headwater catchment protection.
Wildlife
Over 11% of the SADCC land area consists of national parks, indigenous
forest reserves and game reserves. The main activities in this area include
culling, game ranching, professional hunting, bee-keeping, crocodile farming,
wildlife safaris and processing of various wildlife products.
Food Security
The Food Security programme covers the following areas:-
- reinforcement of national food production capacity;
- improvement of the food storage, delivery, conservation and
processing/systems;
- development of systems for the prevention of food crises and the
establishment of national and regional food reserves;
- development of mechanisms for the exchange of information;
- production of cash crops and development of other agricultural
enterprises;
- establishment of programmes for the control of major crop diseases and
pests;
- development of intra-regional trade in food and other crops; and
- development of skilled manpower.
Major Food Security projects deal with:
- An Inventory of Agricultural Resource Base
- Agricultural Marketing Systems
- Food storage and processing
- National and Regional Early Warning Systems
- Intra-regional and international trade
- Income and Employment generation
Livestock Production and Animal Disease Control
The more than 70m people in the region are supported by a large livestock
industry, including over 30m head of cattle and a growing small ruminant
population of sheep and goats. Given the common property status of grazing
land, the sector is faced with many challenges, including overstocking, poor
breeding stock and inadequate support services to control diseases that cut
across national boundaries.
Regional livestock programmes have concentrated on disease control, with
emphasis on Rinderpest and Foot and Mouth Disease.
The Sector also elaborates programmes for improved livestock production,
including dairy and pasture management, improving stock breeds and breeding
methods. Associated with this, are efforts to develop a regional industry for
the production of veterinary products and stock feeds.
Soil and