$Unique_ID{COW00143} $Pretitle{259} $Title{Angola The SADCC Programme of Action} $Subtitle{} $Author{Southern African Development Coordination Conference} $Affiliation{Southern African Development Coordination Conference} $Subject{sadcc development regional telephone telex food projects states ministry programme} $Date{1988} $Log{} Country: Angola Book: Southern African Development Coordination Conference a Handbook Author: Southern African Development Coordination Conference Affiliation: Southern African Development Coordination Conference Date: 1988 The SADCC Programme of Action The Programme of Action comprises the programmes and projects in the following sectors:- Energy Conservation and Development, Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources, Industry and Trade, Manpower Development, Mining, Tourism and Transport and Communications. Once a programme is prepared and approved, the regional projects are, where necessary, presented to SADCC's cooperating partners at the Annual Consultative Conference. If a cooperating partner expresses interest in a project, it is then the primary responsibility of the country or countries directly involved and assisted as appropriate by the Sector Coordinator, to negotiate and implement the project. The role of SADCC, its commissions and committees, is to help define regional priorities, to assist in mobilising resources, and to maximise the regional impact of projects, i.e. SADCC is a coordinating rather than an executing agency. Energy Conservation and Development (coordinated by Angola) Lack of adequate and economic energy supplies is a major constraint on development for several countries in the region whose petroleum, and in three cases electricity, import bills exceed 25% of export earnings. On the other hand there are great opportunities for development through the exploitation of hydroelectric power as well as through maximising the exploitation of coal, natural gas and petroleum resources in the region. It is also a priority of the SADCC states to develop new and renewable sources of energy to reduce dependence on non-renewable sources and on imports, and to prevent environmental degradation. The SADCC States produced a joint statement on regional energy policy for the UN Conference on New and Renewable Sources of Energy in July 1981. A programme of action, based on a comprehensive study of the needs and resources of the region, has been produced and projects have been selected covering oil, coal, electricity and new and renewable sources of energy as well as the training of energy personnel. Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources SADCC's food and agriculture programmes are designed to contribute towards regional food security through increased food production, and to raise income levels through production of cash crops. The natural resources programmes are developed to exploit and manage the natural resource base in order to increase food, agriculture and livestock production, in a manner that safeguards balanced ecosystems and protects the overall environment. Responsibility for coordinating regional programmes is allocated to member States as follows: Overall Coordination - Zimbabwe Agricultural Research - Botswana Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife - Malawi Food Security - Zimbabwe Livestock Production and Animal Disease Control - Botswana Soil and Water Conservation and Land Utilization - Lesotho Agricultural Research and Training The Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural Research (SACCAR) was established in 1985 to coordinate regional efforts in the field of agricultural research, with the following objectives: - strengthening national agricultural research systems and capabilities: - promotion, rapid and continuous provision, interchange and utilisation of scientific and technical information: - the generation of new technologies needed by farmers to raise the productivity of food and non-food crops, livestock, fisheries and forestry through regional collaborative projects and inter-country liaison; - the promotion and dissemination of available technology; - the promotion and implementation of studies of problems common to all or to several member States and the initiation of cooperative research to overcome them; - provision of such regional support services and functions as may be necessary to assist and inform national and regional research activities. Major projects undertaken by SACCAR include improvement in Sorghum and Millet, Grain Legume and Land Water Management. In addition, grants are provided, under the auspices of SACCAR, for different aspects of research. SACCAR also publishes a monthly Newsletter on research programmes and projects, and is co-publisher of the SADCC-Zimbabwe Journal of Agricultural Research; with the Department of Research and Specialist Services of the Ministry of Agriculture of Zimbabwe. Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife SADCC member States have a vast natural resource base, and the SADCC Programme of Action focuses on the development of these natural resources. Fisheries Inland waters in the SADCC region, cover about 5.7m sq. km. and over 300,000 tonnes of fish are harvested a year. The bulk of this yield, comes from the maritime states namely, Angola, Mozambique and Tanzania. Although the development of fisheries puts more emphasis on commercial fishing, artisanal fishing is also given attention. Forestry 60% of the SADCC region consists of woodland, and 9% of the land has been set aside for environmental management which includes conservation and headwater catchment protection. Wildlife Over 11% of the SADCC land area consists of national parks, indigenous forest reserves and game reserves. The main activities in this area include culling, game ranching, professional hunting, bee-keeping, crocodile farming, wildlife safaris and processing of various wildlife products. Food Security The Food Security programme covers the following areas:- - reinforcement of national food production capacity; - improvement of the food storage, delivery, conservation and processing/systems; - development of systems for the prevention of food crises and the establishment of national and regional food reserves; - development of mechanisms for the exchange of information; - production of cash crops and development of other agricultural enterprises; - establishment of programmes for the control of major crop diseases and pests; - development of intra-regional trade in food and other crops; and - development of skilled manpower. Major Food Security projects deal with: - An Inventory of Agricultural Resource Base - Agricultural Marketing Systems - Food storage and processing - National and Regional Early Warning Systems - Intra-regional and international trade - Income and Employment generation Livestock Production and Animal Disease Control The more than 70m people in the region are supported by a large livestock industry, including over 30m head of cattle and a growing small ruminant population of sheep and goats. Given the common property status of grazing land, the sector is faced with many challenges, including overstocking, poor breeding stock and inadequate support services to control diseases that cut across national boundaries. Regional livestock programmes have concentrated on disease control, with emphasis on Rinderpest and Foot and Mouth Disease. The Sector also elaborates programmes for improved livestock production, including dairy and pasture management, improving stock breeds and breeding methods. Associated with this, are efforts to develop a regional industry for the production of veterinary products and stock feeds. Soil and Water Conservation and Land Utilisation Food supplies through domestic production and/or imports, will have to be doubled in the SADCC region over the next 20 to 25 years. To achieve this, more land will have to be brought under cultivation, and present land use systems will have to be improved. Some of the land currently in agricultural use in SADCC member States is deteriorating because of inappropriate land and water management practices. SADCC is developing a long term strategy to deal with these problems. Initial emphasis has been given to a series of seminars and workshop on cost/benefit analysis of soil and water conservation practices. Industry and Trade (coordinated by Tanzania) Industry Industrial Development is critical to economic liberation. In particular it is critical to reducing dependence on South Africa-at present a dominant source of manufactured goods for most of the neighbouring countries. The main thrust of the Industry programme is to promote self-reliance among SADCC countries by ensuring increased production of goods and services to satisfy the basic needs of the people. Priority is accorded to the rehabilitation of existing industrial capacities as the logical way of increasing industrial production, especially in those branches whose products have a wider regional market. Industrial projects should, in general, satisfy the following guidelines:- - the ability to meet national demand and have surplus to export particularly to other SADCC countries: - the need to obtain raw materials within SADCC; - the realistic conditions of exchanging raw materials and products within the SADCC region. The current sectoral programme has two major components: - projects for manufactured goods, emphasizing on core industries and basic needs industries; and - projects for Industrial support Services. Trade Increasing intra-regional trade was explicitly recognised in the Lusaka Declaration as an essential component of SADCC strategies for reducing external dependence. With progress now being made in the development of intra-regional transport and SADCC industries, effective measures to remove constraints on trade and to improve facilities are now imperative. A Trade Development Programme is the latest addition to the SADCC Programme of Action. The programme aims at increasing existing trade flows as well as identifying and facilitating new product flows, especially in connection with industrial cooperation project. The programme will be implemented on the basis of bilateral agreements between member States and will use the following instruments:- - multi-year purchase contracts; - counter purchases; - preferential import licensing; - product - specific tariff reductions; - financial support mechanisms, especially an Export Credit facility and Export Prefinancing Revolving Funds; - Information exchange and trade promotion activities. Manpower Development (coordinated by Swaziland) Development has been restricted throughout the region, by the shortage of skilled manpower, and by the range of specialised requirements, from transport equipment maintenance through financial management, to soil conservation. For most countries, it would be impractical to create training institutions to cover all these specialities; so for SADCC, one important area of regional cooperation has been that of manpower development. The regional programme aims at: - training to support the activities of the other SADCC sectors, specifically with regard to the execution, operation and maintenance of projects; - training in management and public administration; - training of sub-professional cadres, especially agricultural and engineering craftsmen, technicians and trainers; - foundation training in scientific, technical and mathematical subjects; - language training to ensure that personnel from all SADCC member States can fully participate in the Organisation's activities; Major sectoral projects cover strengthening of specialised training institutions in the region, a regional Scholarship Award Scheme, manpower surveys and strengthening of the region's manpower data base. Mining (coordinated by Zambia) Southern Africa is rich in minerals, and mining is a major industry in most of the SADCC countries. Therefore, the development of the mining industry, is extremely important for the future economic development of the region. The Mining sector strategy aims at: - exploiting the mineral resources of the region to directly serve the needs of the regional economy, rather than primarily for export; Local beneficiation is, therefore, a high priority; - sharing mineral processing facilities; - joint action to produce many of the essential inputs to mining, such as chemicals, explosives, spare parts for equipment and machinery, etc., and training; - encouraging small scale mining to exploit the large number of relatively small mineral deposits in the region. Several studies are at various stages of execution, from which it is hoped to develop substantial investment projects. Tourism (coordinated by Lesotho) Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. However, Africa's share of international tourist travellers is a meagre 2%. The development of tourism, which is an important foreign exchange earner, and is responsible for the creation of job opportunities, is closely linked to the activities of other economic sectors such as transport, construction, agriculture, etc; and the management and development of the region's wildlife resources. By working together, the SADCC member States can maximise the economic opportunities which a successful tourist industry represents. The effectiveness of marketing, especially abroad, is increased, since joint programmes make it possible to offer multi-destination tours; while, at the same time reducing the financial costs on individual member States. The Tourism Sector is one of SADCC's most recent initiatives. A Coordinating Unit, staffed by full time professionals, has already been established. The strategy for Tourism development has the following components:- - packaging of several regional destinations; - rehabilitation and further development of tourism infrastructure; - promotion of both international and intra-regional tourism. Transport and Communications (coordinated by Mozambique) The Southern African Transport and Communications Commission (SATCC) was established in 1980, to coordinate the programmes of rehabilitation and development of the regional transport and communications infrastructure. The system of communications in the region, built up during the colonial period, focuses on South Africa; and constitutes one of the region's critical areas of dependence on that country. The ports in the SADCC member States need to be rehabilitated and expanded; the roads and railways which were damaged during the struggles for independence, and continue to be sabotaged by South Africa and South African-sponsored bandits, need to be rehabilitated. From its inception, SADCC has placed, and continues to place high priority on the development of the region's Transport and communications systems with the twin objectives of reducing dependence on South Africa, and especially, to provide the infrastructural base for viable productive sectors of the regional economy. Hence the Transport and Communications sector constitutes the largest component of the SADCC Programme of Action with activities covering capital investment projects, operational coordination of systems and training of personnel. Conclusion The task which SADCC has set itself, is an enormous one. None of the member States necessarily expect quick results out of this important initiative. They also fully realise that there is bound to be occasional setbacks as they work towards their ultimate objectives. The SADCC member States are nevertheless fully determined to press ahead with their initiative until it succeeds. In this regard, the member States are greatly encouraged by the support which SADCC has received and continues to receive from its cooperating partners. "... we must be humbler in our immediate objectives, and ambitious in our long-term objectives." H.E. President Samora Machel 1st, April, 1980 SADCC Addresses SADCC Secretariat Private Bag 0095 GABORONE Botswana Telex: 2555 SADCC BD Telephone: 351863/4/5 SADCC CONTACT POINTS SADCC Permanent Office, Secretaria de Estado da Cooperacao, Caixa Postal, 1500 LUANDA, Republica Popular de Angola Telex: 4056 Secoop AN Telephone: 20646 Director of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance & Development Planning, Private Bag 008, GABORONE Botswana. Telex: 2401 FIN BD Telephone: 355255 Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, P.O. Box 630, MASERU Lesotho. Telex: 4429 PLANOF Telephone: 326451 Deputy Secretary, Department of Economic Planning and Development, Office of the President and Cabinet, P.O. Box 30136, LILONGWE 3, Malawi. Telex: 4389 PRES MI Telephone: 731311 Ministerio das Transportes E Comunicacoes, Cabinete Do Ministro, Caixa Postal, 276 MAPUTO Mozambique. Telex: 6606 SATCC MO Telephone: 33214 Principal Secretary, Department of Economic Planning and Statistics, P.O. Box 602, MBABANE, Swaziland. Telex: 2109 WD Telephone: 43765 Deputy Principal Secretary, International and Regional Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, P.O. Box 9000, DAR-ES-SALAAM, Tanzania. Telex: 41086 FOREIGN Telephone: 43261 Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Finance and National Commission for Development Planning P.O. Box 50268, LUSAKA, Zambia. Telex: 40430 DEVPLAN Telephone: 250442 Secretary, Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Development, Private Bag 7752, HARARE, Zimbabwe. Telex: 4254 ZIMGOV ZW Telephone: 794571 SADCC SECTOR COORDINATORS SADCC Coordinator for Energy Conservation and Development CP 172, LUANDA Angola Telex: 4090 ENE AN Telephone: 23382 SADCC Coordinator for Agricultural Research and Training Ministry of Agriculture Private Bag 003 GABORONE Telex: 2543 AGRIC BD Telephone: 351171 Southern African Centre for Cooperation in Agricultural Research Private Bag 00108 GABORONE Botswana Telex: 2752 SACCAR BD Telephone: 352381/2/3/4 SADCC Coordinator for Fisheries, Forestry and Wildlife Ministry of Forestry, and Natural Resources Private Bag 350 LILONGWE 3 Malawi Telex: 4465 FORENAR MI Telephone: 731322 SADCC Coordinator for Food Security Ministry of Lands Agriculture and Rural Resettlement Private Bag 7701, Causeway HARARE Zimbabwe Telex: 2455 AGRIC ZW Telephone: 705342 SADCC Coordinator Livestock Production and Animal Disease Control Ministry of Agriculture P.O. Box 10019 GABORONE Botswana Telephone: 350611 SADCC Coordinator for Soil and Water Conservation and Land Utilisation Ministry of Agriculture and Marketing P.O. Box 24 MASERU 100 Lesotho Telex: 4414 SADCC LO Telephone: 322158 SADCC Coordinator for Industry and Trade Ministry of Industries and Trade P.O. Box 9503 DAR ES SALAAM Tanzania Telex: 41686 SADCC TZ Telephone: 35002 SADCC Coordinator for Manpower Development Department of Economic Planning and Statistics P.O. Box 602 MBABANE Swaziland Telex: 2109 WB Telephone: 43765 SADCC Coordinator for Mining Ministry of Mines P.O. Box 31969 LUSAKA Zambia Telex: ZA 45970 Telephone: 211220 SADCC Coordinator for Tourism Ministry of Tourism, Sports, and Culture P.O. Box 52 MASERU 100 Lesotho Telex: 4280 LO Telephone: 322138 SADCC Coordinator for Transport and Communications Southern Africa Transport and Communications Commission (SATCC) CP 2677 MAPUTO Mozambique Telex: 6606 SATCC MO Telephone: 20246