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- <f1><c000> Sinclair's babe <f0>
- <f1><c000> still alive and kickin'! <f0>
-
- written esp. for Chosneck mag by Gasman / AY-Riders / H-Prg / RA
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-
-
- The Spectrum was never designed to be a top-of-the-range dream machine. It was
- designed to be cheap. That's why the original models ended up with the famous
- rubber keyboard - nothing more than a plastic membrane, a rubber mat and a
- sheet of metal with holes in it. It was usable (just about...), stylish, and
- kept the costs down.
-
- <spectrum.jpg>
-
- Inside the case, it's the same story - the entire thing is driven by a Z80
- processor, ROM, RAM and one custom chip that did the minimal work of talking to
- the screen, keyboard and speaker. All this simplicity was certainly good for
- the millions of people in 1982 looking for a cheap introduction to the world of
- computers, but perhaps not so good for demo makers looking for new insane
- tricks to do with the hardware. There's no chance of doing clever colour
- cycling effects with the palette... because the Spectrum doesn't have a
- palette. And you can't confuse the video chip by madly swapping video modes,
- because there are no video modes - or a real video chip, for that matter.
-
- In fact, there's only one real hardware trick - normally you can only have two
- colours in an 8x8 pixel square, but you can increase that by throwing data at
- the screen memory faster than the display can keep up. Even then, it certainly
- isn't easy - you have to count the exact number of clock cycles to change
- colour at just the right moment. So, it was a major breakthrough when Polish
- group ESI achieved this over the entire screen in their 1992 megademo Shock.
- The popular Spectrum magazines noticed it - this was big news, in the year that
- Spectrum software was dying out - and brought the scene to a wider audience.
- Indeed, this one demo probably inspired more new people to join the scene than
- any other.
-
- <shock.png - Shock Megademo by ESI>
-
- The Spectrum scene is probably quite unusual in that I can point to a single
- demo which turned the scene around - before Shock, demos typically consisted of
- a scrolly message, some ripped music and graphics, and a bunch of vu-meters.
- These went out of fashion overnight, quickly replaced by a new era of clever
- tricks, creativity and ideas that made you stop and think, "How the hell did
- they do that?"
-
- As we all know, much of the progress in the early demo scene came from rival
- cracking groups, always trying to go one better than their competitors. In
- fact, that never really happened on the Spectrum - and I think I know why. We
- never had a really popular disc system. 99% of games came on tape, and if you
- wanted a pirate copy of a game, you wouldn't go to a cracker. You'd just plug
- two cassette recorders together. With no cracking groups to fuel the scene with
- their fierce battles, demo makers were mostly just bored coders churning out
- routines simply because "it's what they're doing on the C64".
-
- Well, that's what we thought. Away from the eyes of the West, several
- enterprising Russian hackers borrowed the Spectrum schematics, reverse-
- engineered them into new designs - the most successful being the Pentagon and
- the Scorpion - and adopted the slowest, ugliest disc system available. Soon
- there were hordes of coders cracking games as fast as they could trickle
- through the Iron Curtain, finding ways to get around the limitations of the
- disc system, and a lot of talent was emerging. Not long after the Western
- Speccy scene made its first tiny steps into demo competitions with Demobit 95,
- St Petersburg hosted the legendary Enlight parties, attracting hundreds of
- visitors and an equally huge number of compo entries.
-
- <dream.png - Dream by FIL / Antares - First place, Chaos Constructions 1999>
-
- On this side of the border, we didn't really hear about this until the end of
- the 1990s, when the great reunion happened thanks to the magic of this new
- Internet thing. Naturally this was very good news, but it was a slight
- disappointment to discover a whole generation of demos that relied on the
- quirks and incompatibilities of the Russian clones, and crashed on our original
- Spectrums. Still, it didn't take long for emulators to come to the rescue, and
- they've been getting better and better ever since (another advantage of that
- nice, simple hardware...)
-
- So, from around 1997 Spectrum demo writers were quick to learn the crowd-
- pleasing techniques that would propel them up the results tables - the
- 'trackmo' approach of a single soundtrack playing alongside synchronised
- visuals is everywhere now - but still Spectrum demos are easily recognisable by
- their bold primary colours and clean, mainly square-wave audio.
-
- <melange.png - Melange by Cyberjack and Diver>
-
- OK, so I lied a bit when I talked about the Spectrum hardware before - the 128K
- models (first seen in 1986) came with the added bonus of an AY sound chip.
- While it's not as feature-packed as other sound chips like the C64's SID,
- musicians have constantly pushed the limits, employing it in styles ranging
- from high-adrenalin techno and classic europop chiptunes, to deeper and more
- involved works such as Visual's album-length composition "Way to the Heaven's
- Gate". And while I'm talking about Spectrum sound, I can't let AY Riders go
- without a mention - a band of AY chip musicians (including myself) who have
- released two MP3 albums to date, which can be downloaded from
-
- http://ayriders.zxdemo.org/
-
- After hiding underground for over a decade, the Spectrum demo scene is now more
- visible than ever, thanks to websites such as http://www.pouet.net/ and parties
- like Forever <http://www.forever.sk/> and Assembly <http://www.assembly.org/>
- introducing Spectrum releases alongside other platforms. Anyone interested in
- seeing what's out there should start their journey at:
-
- http://www.worldofspectrum.org/
-
- ... and pick up an emulator - SPIN, RealSpectrum and Fuse are my personal
- recommendations. Then, head off to http://www.zxdemo.org/ for all the scene
- downloads you could ever need - and check up on http://raww.org/ for all the
- up-to-the-minute news.
-
- - Gasman / AY-Riders / H-Prg / RA
-
-
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- CHOSNECK 4th appearance contact us:
- done by the dream survivors greymsb@poczta.fm
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