Subject: MtMan-List: Non-Electric catalog for history buffs
Date: 02 May 1999 10:51:05 -0700
Brothers & Sisters,
For an interesting web site see http://www.Lehmans.com
These are the Amish folks, the ones that have done without modern suppliers of electric, phone and water departments while the rest of the world got on the programs. Now many are going to them to relearn the old ways of survival without the modern ways. I was talking to Doyle Yoder from this firm, Lehman's, just an hour from Double Edge Forge (Dennis Miles - that is on this list), Doyle tells me they're running 5-7 weeks behind do to the Y2K thing.
Apparently some folks are starting to get prepared just in case there are shortages, thus making the "common people" work longer hours to supply the demand.
The reason I even mention this firm is for the reenacter, historical buff or trekker looking for special needs in the way of home food preparation, home and farm tools, horse equipment like carts to wagons and much more, many items that have been used since these people came to the New World in the mid to late 1700's.
Their catalog is available (150 plus pages) good pictures and descriptions of each item for $3.00. You can call 330-857-5757, fax 303-857-5785 or e-mail to Getleham's@aol.com
For the trader or dealer I found just the ticket in a correct wood wheelbarrow based on an authentic pattern from the early 1800's according to the ad. I called and talked to a gentlemen that told me he was sure the wheelbarrow has been around for a long period of time in history, theirs has a spoked wooden wheel with removal side boards. He gave me the name and number of a museum that had several of this pattern wheelbarrow. I called and talked to a lady that was only able to read me the information on the display, but was going to have another person send me the documentation they had about the wheelbarrows. According to the display these were made before 1800, I will let you know what the documentation says when received.
If correct, here's what will save your back and some trips back and forth when setting up camp, collecting firewood, water, etc., plus will make a nice way to display some of your goods with one side board removed and a period blanket drapped over the wheelbarrow. Hell I sold myself and ordered one, got the large one at $249.00 postage paid, have a smaller one at $159.00 postage paid. Get the catalog and give it some thought.
Buck Conner
dba/ Clark & Sons Mercantile, Inc.
http://www.teleport.com/~walking/clark/
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Earlier this year we talked about airguns in answering a question by a member of this list, since then I have went to the library, plus made a few phone calls and will now share with you my findings on this subject. Seems this weapon is earlier than any of us had suggested.
The use of compressed air to propel a projectile is an old concept dating back to 250 BC, when a gentleman by the name of Ktesbias II of Egypt drew plans and wrote of a weapon that would operate on mere air pressure. Vague references to Ancient Greeks using a source of compressed air to throw rocks at their enemies or in the Renaissance Period - inventor Leonardo DaVinci having drawn plans for air powered weapons. Some historians have claimed that Guter of Nuremberg in 1430 designed a working model of an air rifle, (but never had it profectived). While others claim that Hans Lobsigner in 1560 produced a modified version of the Nuremberg hand held rifle that worked flawlessly and produced numbers of them in the late 1500Æs. France, Holland, Italy and several other small countries were producing airguns by the early 1600Æs and supplying arms for personal protection.
The oldest existing airgun known is in the Royal Danish Arsenal in Copenhagen and dates from around 1580.
Otto Von Guerick (1602-1686) established the principle of the vacuum with the Madgeburg spheres, designed and building an air rifle using this surge principle. His devise according to an article written by J.T.Haynes was actually a cannon arrangement that used a detachable air reservoir connected to the cannon tube. These wind chambers as they were called generated considerable force, capable of propelling a four pound lead ball 500 yards, and able to penetrate a three inch thick oak board.
The airgun history actually began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, these odd arms then equaled the power of the contemporary big-game and waterfowl weapon or military firearm. Many thought that the Lewis and Clark air rifle was an unusual item, when the real truth of the matter is this type of weapon had been around for 400 years before the exploration of the Northwest in 1804. Airguns were considered weapons of war, an early version would be the blow gun powered by oneÆs own breath, and many disagree on when this early weapon came into being. In Europe many leaders would have anyone using a crossbow or airgun put to death, they didnÆt like the idea of a weapon being silent, in war or peace time.
The first largest produced airgun was of the bellows chamber design, so named as implies, a spring loaded bellows was used for power with an expanding ratchet device housed in the butt stock that was cranked or keyed to rewind the spring. All bellows type guns were smooth bores according to James W. Harrom (Beeman Precision) and many shot tufted large diameter darts up to 50 caliber. They were all breech loading in design with the convential barrel opening at the breech and tilting downward for loading. Most of the bellows guns were of the long gun configuration, very few produced as pistols, most were very elaborate in design, hardware and finishes. The bellow gun production was short lived in the 1500Æs and mainly used as a target weapon, but resumed popularity in the mid to late 1700Æs, 200 years later that has puzzled historians world wide. According to Mr. Harrom most bellows guns date from 1740 to 1790 and seem to come from a small area bounded by Munich, Prague and Vienna. the bellows airgun had disappeared by the late 1800Æs, yet a few appear to have been made as late as the 1870Æs.
Another design that appeared on the scene around 1600 was the spring piston gun, with several variations of springs used in their operation. From the zigzag shape to the helical coil spring (much like what is used today in modern spring piston airguns), again a ratchet device is used to pump or crank the spring into a compressed position when loaded, then released by a trigger sear or unlatching mechanism. By the first part of the 19th century the spring piston gun had established itÆs elf through out Europe as an indoor target weapon. By the mid 1800Æs this airgun had found itÆs way to the New World in the indoor shooting galleries becoming very popular as a great past-time sport. Usually found in .25 to .30 caliber, smooth bores intended to shoot darts. As time and weapons improved they were placed into a number of classes for competition, from small caliber - smooth bore to the larger caliber - rifled and so on. There were manufactures of weapons with names we all remember like Quackenbush, Daisy, Atlas, Markham/King and many others, some have survived, others are history.
The pump pneumatic gun has been worked on by inventors since the early 1600Æs, with a number of mechanism designs that were so involved that the system developed slowly when compared to the other systems mentioned. The size ranged from .30 to .68 caliber bores - smooth and rifled, meaning that a large volume of compressed air was needed in a large reservoir to produce pressures from a few hundred pounds per square inch to several thousand pounds per square inch. Not only deadly at the muzzle but also at the reservoir area. This much pressure would fire a .40 caliber lead ball, 40 times without resupplying the reservoir and equal a 35 grains of FFG black powder per shot, able to penetrate 2 1/2" into a hardpine board. This was duplicated a few years ago with one of these early air rifles and found to produce each shot with 750 PSI, thatÆs impressive, no wonder the L&C members wanted to have one of these along to show the Natives their "Spirit Gun".
There are a number of other manufacturers from other parts of the world that have had success with the airgun, for example an Austrian firm using a design by Bartolemeno Girandoni in 1779 made weapons that ranged from .40 to .52 caliber in bore and capable of firing 15 to 20 rounds within a minute by a gravity feed magazine. "When you figure that a group of armed men, 500 in number could fire approximately 100,000 rounds per hour, meaning they would have 5 times the firepower of many troops with flintlocks muskets, at 100 yards this is amazing," says author J.T.Haynes.
Now you can see why the airgun was condemned by Napoleon and other leaders being targeted by the Austrian Army in the late 1700Æs, even the Church of Rome condemned the Austrian rifle. "Poachers, assassins and other undesirables were portrayed", Mr. Haynes says, "as the likely users of these weapons, tools of the Devil."
For power of these guns, Louis VII Landgrave of Hesse (1691-1768) used a big bore air rifle to kill 500 lb. stag elk at ranges of 150 to 160 paces in 1746-1748. On our continent the journals of Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806) show their big bore pneumatic rifle, made in Philadelphia by Jacob Kunz and Issaih Lukens, capable of 40 full power shots at 900 PSI with a 1,000 pump strokes for raised pressure. This .31 caliber rifle had a 34" octagon barrel of brass with 17 groove rifling and needed no patching as the ball to barrel rifling was so close with the shallow rifling, making a snug fit. They used it to show the Indians of their power in taking small game up to deer in size, this had to astonish the onlookers. As late as the 1890Æs we have seen in this country pneumatic weapons disguised as walking sticks and canes ranging from .40-.50 in caliber with 500-750 FPS velocities capable of killing a man at 40-50 yards.
This information came from many resources:
J.T.Haynes, "Airguns Throughout History",
C.D.Hamilton, "Silent Killers",
James W. Harrom, "History of Air Rifles",
Permission from "Beeman Precision Airgun Guide".
Hope this answers any questions on how old airguns are, had heard much of this information years ago, but had forgotten it.
Thanks
Buck Conner
Colorado Territory
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Subject: Re: MtMan-List: Non-Electric catalog for history buffs - a little
Date: 02 May 1999 20:22:31 -0700
Hey John,
Back in the early 1960's I wired up fans inside stove pipes that ran up the shafts of the wind mills of their "Plain & Fancy" eating places outside of Lancaster and York PA. The idea was to blow the smell of fresh baked pies all over the valley, making people hungry and coming to spend their money.
Buck
> the Amish have a web sight?? What Next, an Amish telephone directory?? :-]
> Have a great day! Long John
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Subject: Re: MtMan-List: Non-Electric catalog for history buffs - a littleoff
Date: 02 May 1999 23:26:09 -0400
buck.conner@uswestmail.net wrote:
>
> Hey John,
>
> Back in the early 1960's I wired up fans inside stove pipes that ran up the shafts of the wind mills of their "Plain & Fancy" eating places outside of Lancaster and York PA. The idea was to blow the smell of fresh baked pies all over the valley, making people hungry and coming to spend their money.
Did it work?
Fred
--
"Slicker 'n Willie Lube".......and that's doin some!
Subject: Re: MtMan-List: Non-Electric catalog for history buffs - a littleoff
Date: 03 May 1999 05:40:49 -0700
You bet it worked, we were young and dumb and had traded the labor for meals, should have went on a percentage of additional business.
Buck
____________
On Sun, 02 May 1999, "Fred A. Miller" wrote:
>
> buck.conner@uswestmail.net wrote:
> >
> > Hey John,
> >
> > Back in the early 1960's I wired up fans inside stove pipes that ran up the shafts of the wind mills of their "Plain & Fancy" eating places outside of Lancaster and York PA. The idea was to blow the smell of fresh baked pies all over the valley, making people hungry and coming to spend their money.
>
> Did it work?
>
> Fred
> "Slicker 'n Willie Lube".......and that's doin some!
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Subject: Re: MtMan-List: Sons of Merriwether Lewis
Date: 03 May 1999 09:52:41 -0700
What Mr. Mullen has stated is correct per his references and several source pages that I checked on.
Mary Walker got the information turned around probably because of the closeness in names of Clark's sons - Meriwether Lewis Clark and Jefferson K. Clark, (she could have had them Jefferson's sons) !!!
Buck Conner
Colorado Territory
> On Mon, 03 May 1999, David Mullen wrote:
>
> Ms. Glise,
>
> Meriwiwether Lewis died a bachelor - which I realize does not preclude
> have children - and left no apparent offspring. None are mentioned in
> either _Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and the
> Opening of the American West_ by Stephen E. Ambrose or in _Meriwether
> Lewis of Lewis and Clark_ by Charles M. Wilson. On the bright side Mary
> Walker does mention meeting two sons of William Clark. The two sons were
> Meriwether Lewis Clark and Jefferson K. Clark according to Elliot Coues
> in _The History of teh Lewis and Clark Expedition_.
>
> Hope this of some help.
>
> YMHOS,
> David Mullen
>
> --
> David & Evelyn Mullen
> 202 Mesa Verde
> Jemez Springs, NM 87025
> (505) 829-3212
> email: dmullen@jemez.com
>
> Laura Rugel Glise wrote:
> >
> > Can anyone on the list save me some research?
> >
> > Mary Walker, wife of Elkanah Walker (missionary), writes in her diary
> > that she met the sons of Merriwether Lewis in 1838. Anyone know their
> > names?
> >
> > Appreciate the help.
> >
> > Laura R. Glise
> > Atlanta, Georgia
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Subject: Re: MtMan-List: Sons of Merriwether Lewis
Date: 03 May 1999 12:44:47 -0700
I have found several other mistakes in Mary Walker's diary on dates that she has wrong and will have to look, there was also the location of an event that was incorrect.
Turtle.
> On Mon, 03 May 1999, buck.conner@uswestmail.net wrote:
>
> What Mr. Mullen has stated is correct per his references and several source pages that I checked on.
>
> Mary Walker got the information turned around probably because of the closeness in names of Clark's sons - Meriwether Lewis Clark and Jefferson K. Clark, (she could have had them Jefferson's sons) !!!
>
> Buck Conner
> Colorado Territory
>
> > On Mon, 03 May 1999, David Mullen wrote:
> >
> > Ms. Glise,
> >
> > Meriwiwether Lewis died a bachelor - which I realize does not preclude
> > have children - and left no apparent offspring. None are mentioned in
> > either _Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and the
> > Opening of the American West_ by Stephen E. Ambrose or in _Meriwether
> > Lewis of Lewis and Clark_ by Charles M. Wilson. On the bright side Mary
> > Walker does mention meeting two sons of William Clark. The two sons were
> > Meriwether Lewis Clark and Jefferson K. Clark according to Elliot Coues
> > in _The History of teh Lewis and Clark Expedition_.
> >
> > Hope this of some help.
> >
> > YMHOS,
> > David Mullen
> >
> > --
> > David & Evelyn Mullen
> > 202 Mesa Verde
> > Jemez Springs, NM 87025
> > (505) 829-3212
> > email: dmullen@jemez.com
> >
> > Laura Rugel Glise wrote:
> > >
> > > Can anyone on the list save me some research?
> > >
> > > Mary Walker, wife of Elkanah Walker (missionary), writes in her diary
> > > that she met the sons of Merriwether Lewis in 1838. Anyone know their
> > > names?
> > >
> > > Appreciate the help.
> > >
> > > Laura R. Glise
> > > Atlanta, Georgia
>
>
> Signup for your free USWEST.mail Email account http://www.uswestmail.net
Signup for your free USWEST.mail Email account http://www.uswestmail.net
Subject: Re: MtMan-List: PowderHawk's Pride Patch Lube
Date: 03 May 1999 12:53:42 -0700
Turtle,
You mentioned PowderHawk's Pride, that was some real good patch lube, as well as a cleaner, I saw him on this list a while back, don't know if he is still selling the lube or not since moving to Iowa. Maybe the Stickin' Scottsman knows, they live near each other and are both AMM ?
Buck
> On Mon, 03 May 1999, turtle@uswestmail.net wrote:
> A patch lube, like Powder Hawk's Pride, Ox-Yoke, Dixie Special, etc.
> Turtle.
>
> > > On Mon, 03 May 1999, "Henry B. Crawford" wrote:
> > >"Slicker 'n Willie Lube"
> > >
> >
> > OK, I'll finally ask. Can someone please explain. What the heck is
> > "Willie Lube?"
> >
> > HBC
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You may want to talk to him he was in the AMM in Colorado at one time (few years ago), had to move to Lake Mills, IA a year or so ago to care for his mother.
He only gets on-line a few times a month, do not have a number for him, think George Thompson knew of him and mentioned to Buck Conner for "Hawk" to get in touch with you. That's as far as I know at this time.
Turtle.
> On Mon, 03 May 1999, "McKee" wrote:
> Don't know the gentleman ( or anyone else AMM in Iowa) closest is Griz's
> boys in MO. If anyone besides me in Iowa...............speak up!! Long
> John
> CUSTOM MADE LEATHER GOODS,
> SPECIALIZING IN THE AMERICAN FUR TRADE ERA
> >
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Long John contact me off list for PowderHawk information, will fill you in.
Thanks
Buck
buck.conner@uswestmail.net
________________
> On Tue, 04 May 1999, turtle@uswestmail.net wrote:
>
> McKee,
> You may want to talk to him he was in the AMM in Colorado at one time (few years ago), had to move to Lake Mills, IA a year or so ago to care for his mother.
>
> He only gets on-line a few times a month, do not have a number for him, think George Thompson knew of him and mentioned to Buck Conner for "Hawk" to get in touch with you. That's as far as I know at this time.
> Turtle.
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There is a portrait of Sir William Drummond Stewart by Alfred Jacob Miller.
First, I need a description of what he's wearing that is historically correct and second, although this is a formal portrait do you think he would have had it with him at the Rendezvous of 1837 or 1838?
Second, could one of you describe for me what you think Captain Stewart might have worn on a day-to-day basis at those events.