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- Network Working Group S. Kille
- Request for Comments: 1838 ISODE Consortium
- Category: Experimental August 1995
-
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- Use of the X.500 Directory to support mapping between X.400
- and RFC 822 Addresses
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet
- community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any
- kind. Discussion and suggestions for improvement are requested.
- Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- This document defines how to use directory to support the mapping
- between X.400 O/R Addresses and mailboxes defined in RFC 1327 [2].
-
- 1. X.400/RFC 822 Mappings
-
- RFC 1327 defines an algorithm for maintaining a global mapping
- between X.400 and RFC 822 addresses directory [2]. RFC 1327 also
- defines a table based mechanism for maintaining this mapping. There
- is substantial benefit to maintaining this mapping within the
- directory. In particular, this will lead to an approach for managing
- the mapping which is both distributed and scalable.
-
- Mechanisms for representing O/R Address and Domain hierarchies within
- the DIT are defined in [1, 5]. These techniques are used to define
- two independent subtrees in the DIT, which contain the mapping
- information. The benefits of this approach are:
-
- 1. The mapping information is kept in a clearly defined area which
- can be widely replicated in an efficient manner. The tree is
- constrained to hold only information needed to support the
- mapping. This is important as gateways need good access to the
- entire mapping.
-
- 2. It facilitates migration from the currently deployed table-based
- approach.
-
- 3. It handles the issues of "missing components" in a natural
- manner.
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- Kille Experimental [Page 1]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
-
-
- An alternative approach which is not taken is to locate the
- information in the routing subtrees. The benefits of this
- would be:
-
- o It is the "natural" location, and will also help to
- ensure correct administrative authority for a mapping
- definition.
-
- o The tree will usually be accessed for routing, and so it
- will be efficient for addresses which are being routed.
-
- This is not done, as the benefits of the approach proposed
- are greater.
-
- There are three mappings, which are represented by two subtrees
- located under:
-
- OU=X.400/RFC 822 Mapping, O=Internet
-
- These subtree roots are of object class subtree, and use the
- mechanism for representing subtrees defined in [4].
-
- X.400 to RFC 822 This table gives the equivalence mapping from X.400
- to RFC 822. There is an O/R Address tree under this. An example
- entry is:
-
- PRMD=UK.AC, ADMD=Gold 400, C=GB, CN=X.400 to RFC 822,
- OU=X.400/RFC 822 Mapping, O=Internet
-
-
- RFC 822 to X.400 There is a domain tree under this. This table holds
- the equivalence mapping from RFC 822 to X.400, and the gateway
- mapping defined in RFC 1327. An example entry is:
-
- DomainComponent=ISODE, DomainComponent=COM,
- CN=RFC 822 to X.400,
- OU=X.400/RFC 822 Mapping, O=Internet
-
- The values of the table mapping are defined by use of two new object
- classes, as specified in Figure 1. The objects give pointers to the
- mapped components.
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- Kille Experimental [Page 2]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
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- 2. Omitted Components
-
- In RFC 1327, it is possible to have omitted components in O/R
- Addresses on either side of the mapping. A mechanism to represent
- such omitted components is defined in Figure 2.
-
- The attribute at-or-address-component-type is set to the X.500
- attribute type associated with the omitted component (e.g., at-prmd-
- name). This mechanism is for use only within the X.400 to RFC 822
- subtree and for the at-associated-or-address attribute.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- rFC822ToX400Mapping OBJECT-CLASS ::= {
- SUBCLASS OF {domain-component}
- MAY CONTAIN {
- associatedORAddress|
- associatedX400Gateway}
- ID oc-rfc822-to-x400-mapping}
-
- x400ToRFC822Mapping OBJECT-CLASS ::= {
- SUBCLASS OF {top}
- MAY CONTAIN { 10
- associatedDomain}
- ID oc-x400-to-rfc822-mapping}
-
-
- associatedORAddress ATTRIBUTE ::= {
- SUBTYPE OF distinguishedName
- SINGLE VALUE
- ID at-associated-or-address}
-
- 20
- associatedX400Gateway ATTRIBUTE ::= {
- SUBTYPE OF mhs-or-addresses
- MULTI VALUE
- ID at-associated-x400-gateway}
-
- associatedDomain ATTRIBUTE ::= {
- SUBTYPE OF name
- WITH SYNTAX caseIgnoreIA5String
- SINGLE VALUE
- ID at-associated-domain} 30
-
-
- Figure 1: ObjectClasses for RFC 1327 mappings
-
-
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- Kille Experimental [Page 3]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
-
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- omittedORAddressComponent OBJECT-CLASS ::=
- SUBCLASS OF {top}
- MUST Contain {
- oRAddressComponentType
- }
- ID oc-omitted-or-address-component}
-
-
- oRAddressComponentType ATTRIBUTE ::= {
- SUBTYPE OF objectIdentifier 10
- SINGLE VALUE
- ID at-or-address-component-type}
-
- Figure 2: Omitted O/R Address Component
-
- 3. Mapping from X.400 to RFC 822
-
- As an example, consider the mapping from the O/R Address:
-
- P=UK.AC; A=Gold 400; C=GB
-
- This would be keyed by the directory entry:
-
- PRMD=UK.AC, ADMD=Gold 400, C=GB, CN=X.400 to RFC 822,
- OU=X.400/RFC 822 Mapping, O=Internet
-
- and return the mapping from the associatedDomain attribute, which
- gives the domain which this O/R address maps to. This attribute is
- used to define authoritative mappings, which are placed in the open
- community tree. The manager of an RFC 1327 mapping shall make the
- appropriate entry.
-
- Functionally, mapping takes place exactly according to RFC 1327. The
- longest match is found by the following algorithm.
-
- 1. Take the O/R Address, and derive a directory name. This will be
- the O/R Address as far as the lowest OU.
-
- 2. Look up the entire name derived from the RFC 1327 key in the in
- the X.400 to RFC 822 subtree. This lookup will either succeed,
- or it will fail and indicate the longest possible match, which
- can then be looked up.
-
- 3. Check for an associatedDomain attribute in the matched entry.
-
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- Kille Experimental [Page 4]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
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-
- The mapping can always be achieved with two lookups.
-
- Because of the availability of aliases, some of the table mappings
- may be simplified. In addition, the directory can support mapping
- from addresses using the numeric country codes.
-
- 4. Mapping from RFC 822 to X.400
-
- There is an analogous structure for mappings in the reverse
- direction. The domain hierarchy is represented in the DIT according
- to RFC 1279. The domain:
-
- AC.UK
-
- Is represented in the DIT as:
-
- DomainComponent=AC, DomainComponent=UK, CN=RFC 822 to X.400,
- OU=X.400/RFC 822 Mapping, O=Internet
-
- This has associated with it the attribute associatedORAddress encoded
- as a distinguished name with a value:
-
- PRMD=UK.AC, ADMD=Gold 400, C=GB
-
- The "table 3" mapping defined in RFC 1327 [2] is provided by the
- associatedX400Gateway attribute. This value may identify multiple
- possible associated gateways. This information is looked up at the
- same time as mapped O/R addresses. In effect, this provides a
- fallback mapping, which is found if there is no equivalence mapping.
- Because of the nature of the mapping a domain will map to either a
- gateway or a domain, but not both. Thus, there shall never be both
- an associatedX400Gateway and associatedORAddress attribute present in
- the same entry. Functionally, mapping takes place exactly according
- to RFC 1327. The longest match is found by the following algorithm.
-
- 1. Derive a directory name from the domain part of the RFC 822
- address.
-
- 2. Look up this name in the RFC 822 to X.400 subtree to find the
- mapped value (either associatedORAddress or
- associatedX400Gateway.). If the lookup fails, the error will
- indicate the longest match, which can then be looked up.
-
- If associatedORAddress is found, this will define the mapped O/R
- Address. The mapping can always be achieved with two lookups. If an
- associatedX400Gateway is present, the address in question will be
- encoded as a domain defined attribute, relative to the O/R Address
- defined by this attribute. If multiple associatedX400Gateway
-
-
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- Kille Experimental [Page 5]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
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-
- attributes are found, the MTA may select the one it chooses to use.
-
- Because of the availability of aliases, some of the table mappings
- may be simplified. In addition, the directory can support mapping
- from addresses using the numeric country codes.
-
- 5. Acknowledgements
-
- Acknowledgements for work on this document are given in [3].
-
- References
-
- [1] Kille, S. "X.500 and Domains", RFC 1279,
- Department of Computer Science, University College London,
- November 1991.
-
- [2] Kille, S., "Mapping between X.400(1988)/ISO 10021 and RFC 822",
- RFC 1327, Department of Computer Science, University College
- London, May 1992.
-
- [3] Kille, S., "MHS Use of the X.500 Directory to Support MHS
- Routing", RFC 1801, ISODE Consortium, June 1995.
-
- [4] Kille, S., "Representing Tables and Subtrees in the X.500
- Directory", RFC 1837, ISODE Consortium, August 1995.
-
- [5] Kille, S., "Representing the O/R Address Hierarchy in the X.500
- Directory Information Tree", RFC 1836, ISODE Consortium, August
- 1995.
-
- 6. Security Considerations
-
- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
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- Kille Experimental [Page 6]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
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- 7. Author's Address
-
- Steve Kille
- ISODE Consortium
- The Dome
- The Square
- Richmond
- TW9 1DT
- England
-
- Phone: +44-81-332-9091
- Internet EMail: S.Kille@ISODE.COM
-
- X.400: I=S; S=Kille; O=ISODE Consortium; P=ISODE;
- A=Mailnet; C=FI;
-
- UFN: S. Kille, ISODE Consortium, GB
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- Kille Experimental [Page 7]
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- RFC 1838 RFC 822/X.400 Mapping by X.500 August 1995
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- A Object Identifier Assignment
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- mhs-ds OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1)
- private(4) enterprises(1) isode-consortium (453) mhs-ds (7)}
-
- mapping OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {mhs-ds 4}
-
- oc OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {mapping 1}
- at OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {mapping 2}
-
-
- oc-rfc822-to-x400-mapping OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {oc 1} 10
- oc-x400-to-rfc822-mapping OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {oc 2}
- oc-omitted-or-address-component OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {oc 3}
-
- at-associated-or-address OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {at 6}
- at-associated-x400-gateway OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {at 3}
- at-associated-domain OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {at 4}
- at-or-address-component-type OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {at 7}
-
- Figure 3: Object Identifier Assignment
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- Kille Experimental [Page 8]
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