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- Network Working Group S. Senum
- Request for Comments: 1763 DigiBoard
- Category: Standards Track March 1995
-
-
- The PPP Banyan Vines Control Protocol (BVCP)
-
- Status of this Memo
-
- This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
- Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
- Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
- and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard method for
- transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links. PPP
- defines an extensible Link Control Protocol, and proposes a family of
- Network Control Protocols for establishing and configuring different
- network-layer protocols.
-
- This document defines the Network Control Protocol for establishing
- and configuring the Banyan VINES protocol over PPP.
-
- Table of Contents
-
- 1. Introduction .......................................... 2
- 1.1 Specification of Requirements ................... 2
- 1.2 Terminology ..................................... 3
- 2. A PPP Network Control Protocol for VINES .............. 3
- 2.1 Sending VINES Datagrams ......................... 4
- 2.2 General Considerations .......................... 4
- 3. BVCP Configuration Options ............................ 5
- 3.1 BV-NS-RTP-Link-Type ............................. 5
- 3.2 BV-FRP .......................................... 6
- 3.3 BV-RTP .......................................... 7
- 3.4 BV-Suppress-Broadcast ........................... 8
- SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS ...................................... 9
- REFERENCES ................................................... 9
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................... 9
- CHAIR'S ADDRESS .............................................. 10
- AUTHOR'S ADDRESS ............................................. 10
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- Senum [Page 1]
-
- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
-
-
- 1. Introduction
-
- PPP has three main components:
-
- 1. A method for encapsulating multi-protocol datagrams.
-
- 2. A Link Control Protocol (LCP) for establishing, configuring,
- and testing the data-link connection.
-
- 3. A family of Network Control Protocols for establishing and
- configuring different network-layer protocols.
-
- In order to establish communications over a point-to-point link, each
- end of the PPP link must first send LCP packets to configure and test
- the data link. After the link has been established and optional
- facilities have been negotiated as needed by the LCP, PPP must send
- BVCP packets to choose and configure the VINES network-layer
- protocol. Once BVCP has reached the Opened state, VINES datagrams
- can be sent over the link.
-
- The link will remain configured for communications until explicit LCP
- or BVCP packets close the link down, or until some external event
- occurs (an inactivity timer expires or network administrator
- intervention).
-
- 1.1. Specification of Requirements
-
- In this document, several words are used to signify the requirements
- of the specification. These words are often capitalized.
-
- MUST This word, or the adjective "required", means that the
- definition is an absolute requirement of the specification.
-
- MUST NOT This phrase means that the definition is an absolute
- prohibition of the specification.
-
- SHOULD This word, or the adjective "recommended", means that there
- may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to
- ignore this item, but the full implications must be
- understood and carefully weighed before choosing a
- different course.
-
- MAY This word, or the adjective "optional", means that this
- item is one of an allowed set of alternatives. An
- implementation which does not include this option MUST be
- prepared to interoperate with another implementation which
- does include the option.
-
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- Senum [Page 2]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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- 1.2. Terminology
-
- This document frequently uses the following terms:
-
- datagram The unit of transmission in the network layer (such as IP).
- A datagram may be encapsulated in one or more packets
- passed to the data link layer.
-
- frame The unit of transmission at the data link layer. A frame
- may include a header and/or a trailer, along with some
- number of units of data.
-
- packet The basic unit of encapsulation, which is passed across the
- interface between the network layer and the data link
- layer. A packet is usually mapped to a frame; the
- exceptions are when data link layer fragmentation is being
- performed, or when multiple packets are incorporated into a
- single frame.
-
- peer The other end of the point-to-point link.
-
- silently discard
- This means the implementation discards the packet without
- further processing. The implementation SHOULD provide the
- capability of logging the error, including the contents of
- the silently discarded packet, and SHOULD record the event
- in a statistics counter.
-
- 2. A PPP Network Control Protocol for VINES
-
- The Banyan VINES Control Protocol (BVCP) is responsible for
- configuring, enabling, and disabling the VINES protocol modules on
- both ends of the point-to-point link. BVCP uses the same packet
- exchange mechanism as the Link Control Protocol. BVCP packets may
- not be exchanged until PPP has reached the Network-Layer Protocol
- phase. BVCP packets received before this phase is reached should be
- silently discarded.
-
- The Baynan VINES Control Protocol is exactly the same as the Link
- Control Protocol [1] with the following exceptions:
-
- Frame Modifications
-
- The packet may utilize any modifications to the basic frame format
- which have been negotiated during the Link Establishment phase.
-
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- Senum [Page 3]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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-
- Data Link Layer Protocol Field
-
- Exactly one BVCP packet is encapsulated in the Information field
- of a PPP Data Link Layer frame where the Protocol field indicates
- type hex 8035 (Banyan VINES Control Protocol).
-
- Code field
-
- Only Codes 1 through 7 (Configure-Request, Configure-Ack,
- Configure-Nak, Configure-Reject, Terminate-Request, Terminate-Ack
- and Code-Reject) are used. Other Codes should be treated as
- unrecognized and should result in Code-Rejects.
-
- Timeouts
-
- BVCP packets may not be exchanged until PPP has reached the
- Network-Layer Protocol phase. An implementation should be
- prepared to wait for Authentication and Link Quality Determination
- to finish before timing out waiting for a Configure-Ack or other
- response. It is suggested that an implementation give up only
- after user intervention or a configurable amount of time.
-
- Configuration Option Types
-
- BVCP has a distinct set of Configuration Options.
-
- 2.1. Sending VINES Datagrams
-
- Before any VINES datagrams may be communicated, PPP must reach the
- Network-Layer Protocol phase, and the Banyan VINES Control Protocol
- must reach the Opened state.
-
- Exactly one VINES packet is encapsulated in the Information field of
- a PPP Data Link Layer frame where the Protocol field indicates type
- hex 0035 (Banyan VINES datagram). The maximum length of a VINES
- datagram transmitted over a PPP link is the same as the maximum
- length of the Information field of a PPP data link layer frame.
-
- The format of the Information field itself is the same as that
- defined in [2].
-
- 2.2. General Considerations
-
- VINES supports an Address Resolution Protocol, VINES ARP, primarily
- used for address assignment. Since this protocol is part of VINES
- IP, it is fully supported over BVCP. VINES also supports a data-link
- Echo Protocol (VINES Echo), used to test connectivity to a VINES
- Server in a LAN environment, which is not supported over BVCP.
-
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- Senum [Page 4]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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- 3. BVCP Configuration Options
-
- BVCP Configuration Options allow modifications to the standard
- characteristics of the network-layer protocol to be negotiated. If a
- Configuration Option is not included in a Configure-Request packet,
- the default value for that Configuration Option is assumed.
-
- BVCP uses the same Configuration Option format defined for LCP [1],
- with a separate set of Options.
-
- Up-to-date values of the BVCP Option Type field are specified in the
- most recent "Assigned Numbers" RFC [3]. Current values are assigned
- as follows:
-
- Value Option
-
- 1 BV-NS-RTP-Link-Type
- 2 BV-FRP
- 3 BV-RTP
- 4 BV-Suppress-Broadcast
-
- Note: A suggestion was made to combine the BV-NS-RTP-Link-Type option
- and the BV-RTP option into a single option that could negotiate one
- of four settings (S-RTP, NS-RTP-LAN, NS-RTP-WAN, NO-RTP). This
- suggestion has been rejected because VINES must already deal with a
- mix of S-RTP and NS-RTP, and that pushing this information down to
- the PPP layer is not desirable.
-
- 3.1. BV-NS-RTP-Link-Type
-
- Description
-
- This Configuration Option provides a way to negotiate the way the
- Non-Sequenced Routing Update Protocol (NS-RTP) (pre-VINES 5.5,
- i.e., 4.11 and 5.0) will run on the link. NS-RTP handles updates
- differently depending on whether the interface is a LAN type or a
- WAN type. For a LAN type, the full routing table is rebroadcast
- every update interval (90 seconds). For a WAN type, the full
- routing table is only transmitted for the first 3 update intervals
- after the link comes up. After that only changes are transmitted
- (for 5 update intervals). Note that this has no effect if
- Sequenced RTP (VINES 5.5) is being used. More information on this
- can be found in [2].
-
- This option negotiates what an implementation is willing to
- receive, and is negotiated separately per side of the PPP
- connection. The acceptance of this option (by the peer) indicates
- that the peer will send NS-RTP updates as if the link was a LAN
-
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- Senum [Page 5]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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- type. The rejection (or absence) of this option indicates that
- the peer will send NS-RTP updates as if the link was a WAN type.
-
- By default, NS-RTP updates are sent as if the link was a WAN type.
-
- A summary of the BV-NS-RTP-Link-Type Configuration Option format is
- shown below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
- Type
-
- 1
-
- Length
-
- 2
-
- 3.2. BV-FRP
-
- Description
-
- This Configuration Option provides a way to negotiate the use of
- VINES Fragmentation Protocol (FRP). This protocol is used to
- allow fragmentation and reassembly of a VINES packet over the
- link. FRP prepends a two octet field to every packet going over
- the link that contains a begin and end fragment information and a
- sequence number. With PPP's default MRU of 1500, FRP is not
- normally needed, and no FRP header would be sent with the VINES
- packet. If a MRU of less than 1484 is negotiated, FRP will be
- needed to send a full size VINES packet over the link. More
- information on this can be found in [2].
-
- This option negotiates what an implementation is willing to
- receive, and is negotiated separately per side of the PPP
- connection. The acceptance of this option (by the peer) indicates
- that the peer will send VINES packets with a FRP header. The
- rejection (or absence) of this option indicates that the peer will
- send VINES packets without a FRP header.
-
- By default, VINES packets are sent without a FRP header.
-
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- Senum [Page 6]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
-
-
- A summary of the BV-FRP Configuration Option format is shown below.
- The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
- Type
-
- 2
-
- Length
-
- 2
-
- 3.3. BV-RTP
-
- Description
-
- This Configuration Option provides a way to negotiate whether RTP
- is used over the link. If dial-up lines with static routes are
- being used, the use of RTP may be totally suppressed to conserve
- bandwidth on the link.
-
- This option negotiates what an implementation is willing to
- receive, and is negotiated separately per side of the PPP
- connection. The acceptance of this option (by the peer) indicates
- that the peer will not send RTP packets. The rejection (or
- absence) of this option indicates that the peer will send any RTP
- packets.
-
- By default, RTP packets are sent over the link.
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- Senum [Page 7]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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-
- A summary of the BV-RTP Configuration Option format is shown below.
- The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
- Type
-
- 3
-
- Length
-
- 2
-
- 3.4. BV-Suppress-Broadcast
-
- Description
-
- This Configuration Option provides a way to negotiate the sending
- of VINES broadcast packets, i.e., packets with a destination VINES
- network address of all ones. This option only affects VINES
- packets that are not of type VINES ARP or VINES RTP. This option
- can be used by a VINES Client to request that most of the
- broadcast packets that would normally be sent to it by a VINES
- Server be discarded, in order to conserve link bandwidth. Most of
- the broadcast packets sent by a VINES Server are not useful to a
- VINES Client.
-
- This option negotiates what an implementation is willing to
- receive, and is negotiated separately per side of the PPP
- connection. The acceptance of this option (by the peer) indicates
- that the peer MUST NOT send any VINES broadcast packets, other
- than packets of type VINES ARP or VINES RTP. The rejection (or
- absence) of this option indicates that the peer will send all
- VINES broadcast packets.
-
- By default, all VINES broadcast packets are sent.
-
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- Senum [Page 8]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
-
-
- A summary of the BV-Suppress-Broadcast Configuration Option format is
- shown below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
-
- 0 1
- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
- | Type | Length |
- +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
-
-
- Type
-
- 4
-
- Length
-
- 2
-
- Security Considerations
-
- Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
-
- References
-
- [1] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51, RFC
- 1661, Daydreamer, July 1994.
-
- [2] Banyan, "VINES Protocol Definition", June 1993, Order No.
- 003673.
-
- [3] Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
- USC/Information Sciences Institute, October 1994.
-
- Acknowledgements
-
- Some of the text in this document is taken from previous documents
- produced by the Point-to-Point Protocol Working Group of the Internet
- Engineering Task Force (IETF).
-
- In particular, Bill Simpson provided the boiler-plate used to create
- this document.
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- Senum [Page 9]
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- RFC 1763 PPP BVCP March 1995
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- Chair's Address
-
- The working group can be contacted via the current chair:
-
- Fred Baker
- Cisco Systems
- 519 Lado Drive
- Santa Barbara, California 93111
-
- Phone: (805) 681-0115
- EMail: fred@cisco.com
-
- Author's Address
-
- Questions about this memo can also be directed to:
-
- Steven J. Senum
- DigiBoard
- 6400 Flying Cloud Drive
- Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
-
- Phone: (612) 943-9020
- EMail: sjs@digibd.com
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- Senum [Page 10]
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