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- The X.75 Standard
-
-
- CCITT - Consulative Committee on International Telegraphy
- and Telephony
-
- DCE - Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment
-
- DTE - Data Terminal Equipment
-
-
- The X.75 Standard was developed by CCITT as a supplement to X.25
- It is designed for use between public X.25 networks and is not likely
- to be used or even allowed as an interface between public and private
- networks. However, it could also be used to connect a collection of
- private X.25 networks in an internet that does not include public
- networks
-
- X.25 specifies an interface between host equiptment (DTE) and user
- equiptment (DCE) that encompasses layers 1 through 3 and permits
- the setup, maintenance, and termination of virtual circuits between
- two DTEs. X.75 specifies signal terminating equipment (STE) that act
- as DCE-level gateways to connect two X.25 networks.
-
- The interconnection of X.25 networks via X.75 provides a DTE-DTE
- virtual circuit as a connected series of virtual circuits:
-
- * DCE to STE (intranetwork)
- * STE to STE (internetwork)
- * 0 or more:
- ** STE to STE (intranetwork)
- ** STE to STE (internetwork)
- * STE to DCE (intranetwork)
-
- Each section is a distinct entity with a separate virtual circuit, and
- separate flow control and error control.
-
- From the point of view of the DTE, however, it merely sees an enlarged
- X.25 network; X.75 is invisible. The DTE-DCE interface is still defined
- by X.25. As before, intranetwork protocols are undefined. The internetwork
- STE-STE interface is defined by X.75.
-
- The transmission of a packet between two hosts works like this:
- Host A sends an X.25 data packet to its DCE with the virtual circuit number
- (group, channel) that it associates with a connection to B. This packet
- is transmitted via network C to an STE. The STE uses the same information
- for the appropriate STE-STE virtual circuit. The receiving STE then sends the packet to B's DCE, which presents a a packet to B with the virtual
- circuit number that B associates with a connection to A. Three
- important points about this process:
-
- 1. There is no encapsulation by the STEs. The same layer 3 header format
- is reused
-
- 2. There is no end-to-end protocol. As in a single X.25 network, all
- information has local significance only
-
- 3. Because of the 12-bit field, an STE-STE internet link can handle
- a maximum of 4096 connections
-
- Call Request and Clear Request are handled step by step but must
- propagate end to end. Routing information must exist within DCEs and
- STEs to accomplish this. For example, a CALL REQUEST packet from A
- triggers the set up of a DCE-STE virtual circuit. Using the X.75
- control packet format, wich differs from X.25 only in the addition
- of a network-level utilities field, an STE-STE virtual circuit is set up
- between networks C and D. The CALL REQUEST packet then propagate to B's
- DCE, setting up another virtual circuit. Finally, a CALL
- INDICATION packet is delievered to B. The same procedure is used for
- CALL ACCEPTED and CLEAR REQUEST packets.