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- *** NEW FEATURES OF CALC3.0 ***
-
- 1. Fixes a bug that prevents calc2.0 from loading into machines without
- FAST memory. (bug reported by Lewis B. Wetzel.)
- 2. Iconification (Iconification routine by Leo L. Schwab).
- 3. Smaller code (about 15K smaller).
- 4. More variables (26 instead of 4).
- 5. Different syntax for assignment of variables, eg use "X = 2.4" instead
- of "> X". Also, use the "EXE" gadget instead of the "=" gadget to end
- and evaluate the expression.
- 6. Use pull down menus for selecting options instead of gadgets.
- 7. New functions for the programmer calculator.
- 8. Integers can now be 8, 16, or 32 bits.
-
-
- *** IMPORTANT ***
- This calculator is case sensitive. All functions must be in lower case, and
- all numbers must be in uppser case, including the number PI and E.
-
- This is a scientific/programmer/plotter calculator that I wrote in Manx C.
- It operates differently from other calculators in that you can see the
- expression you are evaluating on the screen. For example, to evalute 2
- plus 21, you can type, from the keyboard,
-
- "2 + 21",
-
- and then <RETURN>, and while you are typing, the characters you typed
- are echoed to the little window on the calculator. After you have
- pressed <RETURN>, the result of "2 + 21" appears on the calculator
- window beneath the line you just typed.
-
- You can also enter the above expression by clicking on the gadgets in
- the calculator window, except that you click on the "EXE" gadget to get the
- result instead of pressing the <RETURN> key.
-
- If you made a typo while entering your expression, you can use the
- BACKSPACE, DELETE, and the forward and backward arrow keys to correct
- it, or the "BS", "<--" and "-->" gadgets. The calculator will scroll part of
- the line you're entering off window if your expression gets too long. The
- maximum number of characters a line can contain is 255. And finally, you can
- recall the last expression you entered by pressing the up arrow, or clear the
- expression you're entering by pressing the down arrow, or click on the "RCL"
- and "CLR" gadgets.
-
- Other useful functions of the calculator include a 26 variable storage
- memory. The variables are A, B, C,...Z. To store a number, you type from
- the keyboard or click on the gadgets:
-
- variable = expression,
-
- For example, if you type
-
- A = B + 1,
-
- and B equals 1, then A equals 2.
-
- Note: The variable Z is always equal to the result of the last
- expression. So if you type
-
- "4 + -2",
-
- and <RETURN>, Z becomes 2. If you then type
-
- "Z + 1",
-
- and <RETURN>, you get 3 (and Z becomes 3).
- To see what is stored in W, type
-
- "W",
-
- and then <RETURN>.
-
- NOTE: In scientific mode, you only have 25 variables, not 26, because E is
- a constant and is defined to be 2.718281828.
-
- To change from one mode to others, use the "type" menu. The title bar
- on the window will tell you what mode you in. For example, if you are in the
- scientific mode, the title bar will display
-
- Scientific Rad
-
- The "Rad" means that angles are displayed in radian mode. To toggle between
- radian and degree mode, use the "angle" menu.
-
- If you are in the programmer mode, the title bar will display
-
- Programmer Dec S32
-
- The Dec indicates that the calculator displays result in decimal. To change
- to hexidecimal or octal base, use the "int base" menu. The S indicates that
- you are using signed integers. To change it, use the "int sign" menu. The "16"
- indicates that you are using 32 bit integers. To change to 8 or 16 bit integers,
- use "int size" menu.
-
- And finally, in the Plotter mode, the title bar will display
-
- Plotter
-
- Also, the title bar will display "Syntax Error" if you've enter a equation with
- syntax errors. And the title bar will display the x and y coordinate of the
- graph if you click on the graph or the arrows. You can make the title bar
- display x coordinate alone, y coordinate alone, or both x and y coordinates
- by making the appropriate choice in the "display" menu.
-
- NOTE: Always press the RETURN key after you have finished entering the
- equation, the xmax, xmin, ymax, or ymin value before clicking on another gadget.
- Otherwise, the program will not know that you have entered a new value or
- equation and take the appropriate action.
-
-
- Here's a list of the math functions supported by the scientific calculator
-
- + plus
- - minus or unary minus eg 12 - 23 = -11
- or 12 +-23 = -11
- * multiply
- / divide
- sin sine
- cos cosine
- tan tangent
- ln natural log
- log log of base 10
- sinh hyperbolic sine
- cosh hyperbolic cosine
- tanh hyperbolic tangent
- ^ power eg 2 ^ 3 = 8
- sqrt square root
- asin arc sine
- acos arc cosine
- atan arc tanget
- exp exponential function
- e 10 to the power of eg 2e2 = 200
- csc cosecant
- sec secant
- cot cotangent
- abs absolute value of
- ! factorial eg 3! = 6
-
- In addition, PI equals 3.14159 and E equals 2.71828
-
-
- Examples of expressions (spaces need not be typed)
-
- "1 + 2.34" = 3.34
- "2 + -4" = -2.0
- "6 - 12 / 4" = 3.0
- "1.2e-1" = .112
- "(6-12)/4" = -1.5
- "sin(0)" = 0.0
- "cos(PI)" = -1.0
- "2!+3" = 5.0
- "ln(E^2)" = 2.0
- "log(1e6)" = 6.0
- "W" = whatever is stored in the variable W
- "W + 4" = the value of variable W plus 4
- "X = W + 4" = X equals the result of W plus 4
-
- Here's a list of the functions supported by the programmer calculator
- All calculations can done on 8, 16, or 32 bit integers, sign or unsigned.
-
- + plus
- - minus or unary minus eg 12 - 23 = -11
- or 12 +-23 = -11
- * multiply
- / divide
- mod mod eg A mod 3
- >> shift right eg 3 >> B
- << shift left
- asl arithmetic shift left eg $FF asl 3
- asr arithmetic shift right
- lsl logical shift left eg \352 lsl C
- lsr logical shift right
- rol rotate left eg %10010 rol 7
- ror rotate right
- not one's complement eg not 3
- and logical and eg E and F
- nand not and
- xor logical xor
- nxor not xor
- or logical or
- nor not or
-
- Precedents of the operators are: (follows the C precedent for operators)
-
- Highest
- ( )
-
- not abs - (unary minus)
-
- * / mod
-
- + -
-
- << >> asl asr lsl lsr rol ror
-
- and nand
-
- xor nxor
-
- or nor
-
- =
- Lowest
-
- Operators on the same line have the same precedent.
-
-
- Also, you can input numbers in hex, octal, decimal, binary or ascii.
-
- Hex numbers start with a dollar sign $. eg $0FAC
- Octal numbers start with a backslash \. eg \234
- Binary numbers start with a percentage sign %. eg %101010
- ASCII numbers start and end with a single quote '. eg 'a' or '&'
-
- NOTE:
- As in C language,
- >> is a arithmetic shift left if using signed integer.
- >> is a logical shift left if using unsigned integer.
-
-
- The rest of the calculator is pretty much self explanatory, so explore and
- have fun.
-
-
- Finally, I like to thank Leo L. Schwab for putting his iconification routine
- in public domain. I encourage people to use it. It's great.
- Here is the copyright notice at the beginning of his iconify routine.
-
- /* :ts=8 bk=0
- *
- * iconify.c: You asked for it, you got it.
- *
- * Copyright 1987 by Leo L. Schwab.
- * Permission is hereby granted for use in any and all programs, both
- * Public Domain and commercial in nature, provided this Copyright notice
- * is left intact. Purveyors of programs, at their option, may wish observe
- * the following conditions (in the spirit of hackerdom):
- * 1: You send me a free, registered copy of the program that uses the
- * iconify feature,
- * 2: If you're feeling really nice, a mention in the program's
- * documentation of my name would be neat.
- *
- * 8712.10 (415) 456-3960
- */
- /*
-
-
- That's it. If you have any questions, comments, bug reports, sent it to
-
- Jimmy Yang
- 1115 Lura,
- Pasadena, California, 91106
-