"Contents of 'Getting and Using Files'",1,0.wpf,a,"2_1intro.wav"
In this section, you will learn how to:
ò \IUse a DOS-based file transfer protocol (FTP) application to download a Windows-based FTP application\i
ò \ICreate a folder to download files into\i
ò \IConnect to a server and retrieve files (WinZip and WS_FTP)\i
ò \IExtract the compressed files you have downloaded using WinZip\i
ò \IUse WinZip to create your own Zip files\i
#
"File Transfer Protocol",2,0,a,"2_1vid.avi"
#
"File Transfer Protocol (b)",3,0.wpf,g,0
Included with Windows 95 is a utility called FTP (an acronym for File Transfer Protocol). This is the main protocol used for transferring files to and from the Internet. When you installed Windows 95 Dial-Up Networking, the FTP program was automatically installed for you.
When using FTP, you must first choose the server (name of the computer) that you want to connect to, then, after locating the file or files you want to retrieve, you can download them to your computer into a folder you specify.
The Windows 95 FTP program is a DOS text-based program. In this chapter, we use FTP to retrieve a Windows-based Internet application called WS_FTP. The WS_FTP application uses FTP to transfer files to your local hard disk using a graphical environment. We will also retrieve a Windows-based file compression utility called WinZip. Having done so, we will continue to use WS_FTP throughout this CD to build a library of Internet software.
#
"Creating a Folder",4,34pg03.bmp,c,0
You should create a folder to store the files you download from the Internet. This makes managing the new files a lot easier.
One method of managing files easily is to create a \IDownload\i folder to store all files that you retrieve. You can then move them into more appropriate folders at a later stage.
We recommend that you create two folders called \IWSFTP\i and \IWINZIP\i (or similar) to download the applications into.
To create a folder in either Windows Explorer or My Computer, choose the \BNew\b submenu from the \BFile\b menu, and select the \IFolder\i option.
#
"Starting Windows FTP - (a)",5,c04f001.bmp,c,0
FTP can be started using the \IRun\i command on the \BStart\b menu. Once FTP is active, an FTP prompt is displayed in a separate MS-DOS window. This section explains how to connect to a remote ftp site on the Internet and how to download files. Before starting FTP, ensure that you have an active connection to the Internet.
To start FTP choose \IRun\i from the \BStart\b menu. In the \IOpen\i combo box, type \Bftp\b then press the Enter key or click on the \IOK\i button.
#
"Starting Windows FTP - (b)",6,34pg06.bmp,c,0
An MS-DOS window opens, showing only the ftp prompt. To switch the MS-DOS window between full-screen and window views, press Alt+Enter.
#
"Connecting to a Server - (a)",7,34pg07.bmp,c,0
The \Bopen\b command is used to tell FTP that you want to connect to an ftp server. At the ftp prompt, type \Bopen ftp.utas.edu.au\b. After a short wait, you are connected to the server (in Tasmania) and asked to log on. Most ftp sites that you visit on the Internet allow you to access the site using a user ID of "anonymous." Type that now at the User prompt.
#
"Connecting to a Server - (b)",8,34pg08.bmp,c,0
When logging on anonymously, it is customary to provide your full e-mail address as a password. This allows the site operator to log where calls are coming from and track the site usage. Type your e-mail address at the Password prompt. (For security purposes, you wonÆt be able to see what you type.)
#
"Connecting to a Server - (c)",9,34pg09.bmp,c,0
After successfully logging on, the siteÆs messages and instructions display, and you see the ftp prompt again. By default, an ftp client (such as the one you are now running) downloads files using an ASCII transfer.
As the files we are downloading are \Inot\i ASCII files, we must set the transfer mode to "binary." To do this, type \Btype binary\b at the ftp prompt. The program responds with the message "Type set to I."
#
"Retrieving WS_FTP - (a)",10,34pg10.bmp,c,0
In order to retrieve files from an ftp site, we must identify the full path and filename of each file to retrieve. You can also specify the folder to place the file in by including it in the command line. Type the following command now to retrieve the WS_FTP program:
Replace the italicized part of the command above with the full path name of the folder you created for storing the WS_FTP application. Also, note the use of the forward slashes (/) for the remote site, and the back slashes (\\) for your local PC.
#
"Retrieving WS_FTP - (b)",11,34pg11.bmp,c,0
The FTP program indicates that a successful command has been sent and displays the number of bytes in the file to be downloaded. Please be patient, as there are no other indicators (apart from your modem lights) to inform you that the transfer is actually taking place.
When the transfer has been completed, the FTP program informs you and displays the ftp prompt again.
#
"Retrieving WinZip - (a)",12,34pg12.bmp,c,0
Repeat the process now to retrieve the WinZip program, using the following command line:
Replace the italicized part of the command above with the full path name of the folder you created for storing the WinZip application.
#
"Retrieving WinZip - (b)",13,34pg13.bmp,c,0
When the ftp prompt appears, type \Bclose\b to disconnect from the server. You can then exit the FTP program by typing \Bquit\b. The DOS window closes and you are returned to the Windows desktop.
Don't forget to log off from your provider if you want to investigate the new files you have downloaded.
#
"unzipping downloaded files",14,0.wpf,g,0
The majority of files that you retrieve from the Internet or any other online service are usually archived. An archived file is one that has been "shrunk" using archiving software. The most commonly-used archive on the PC is Zip. Files that have been archived with Zip software use the extension \I.zip\i, or sometimes \I.exe\i if they are self-extracting archives.
#
"Installing WinZip - (a)",15,34pg15.bmp,c,0
In \JRetrieving WinZip - (a)\j, you downloaded the shareware utility called WinZip. Installing the program is simply a matter of running the program from the folder that you placed it in.
Using either My Computer or Windows Explorer, open the \IWinZip\i folder that you saved the program in. Double-click the \Iwinzip95.exe\i file in the folder window.
#
"Installing WinZip - (b)",16,c04f006.bmp,c,0
The \BWinZip Self-Extractor\b dialog box asks you to install the program to a temporary directory and then run the Setup utility.
Click on the \IOK\i button to continue.
#
"Installing WinZip - (c)",17,34pg17.bmp,c,0
You are then asked which directory you want to install the program in. Click the \IOK\i button to install it in the suggested directory, or enter a different directory name, then click the \IOK\i button.
#
"Installing WinZip - (d)",18,c04f008.bmp,c,0
The \BWelcome To WinZip\b dialog box introduces you to the features of WinZip and asks you to choose whether to run an express or custom setup.
Choose the \IExpress Setup\i radio button and click on the \IOK\i button to continue.
#
"Installing WinZip - (e)",19,c04f009.bmp,c,0
WinZip then prompts you to register your copy of the program. Click the \IYes\i button to agree to the License Agreement terms.
#
"Installing WinZip - (f)",20,34pg20.bmp,c,0
After doing so, the WinZip window opens.
A message box appears with a note for new users; click on the \IOK\i button to close the message box.
When you want to start WinZip again at a later time, choose \BStart\b\\\BPrograms\b\\\BWinZip\b\\\IWinZip\i.
Click on the \IOK\i button to acknowledge the message.
#
"Unzipping WS_FTP - (a)",21,34pg21.bmp,c,0
To open a "zipped" file (or archive), click the \IOpen\i button on the toolbar of the WinZip window.
#
"Unzipping WS_FTP - (b)",22,34pg22.bmp,c,0
In the \BOpen Archive\b dialog box, select the folder which contains the \Iws_ftp32.zip\i file that we want to "unzip."
Click once on the filename to select it and then click on the \IOpen\i button.
#
"Unzipping WS_FTP - (c)",23,34pg23.bmp,c,0
WinZip then displays the contents of the Zip file in the window. To make these files usable, they must be unzipped or extracted.
To do this, click on the \IExtract\i button on the toolbar.
#
"Unzipping WS_FTP - (d)",24,34pg24.bmp,c,0
The \BExtract\b dialog box asks where you want to put the files once theyÆve been extracted. Choose the folder you previously created for WS_FTP from the \IDirectories/Drives\i list box, and click the \IExtract\i button.
WinZip unzips the file and places all the associated files into the folder you have specified.
#
"Exiting From WinZip",25,34pg25.bmp,c,0
When you have finished using the WinZip program, choose the \IExit\i command from the \BFile\b menu, or click the close button in the title bar.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (a)",26,34pg27.bmp,c,0
You may need to use WinZip to create archives of your own. This is an easy process which involves selecting the files you want in the archive, and then instructing the program to "zip" them.
Using WinZip in Windows 95 is made easy by the inclusion of the \IAdd to Zip\i command in the Explorer browser.
To ensure that the command has been added, choose \IExplorer Configuration\i from the WinZip \BOptions\b menu.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (b)",27,34pg28.bmp,c,0
In the \BExplorer Configuration\b dialog box, ensure the \IExplorer Shell Extension\i option is checked and click \IOK\i.
Using this dialog box, you can also instruct WinZip to create a shortcut icon on the desktop. To do this, check the \IAdd WinZip To Desktop\i check box to select it.
This means you can open WinZip by double-clicking on the shortcut icon on the desktop rather than using the \BStart\b menu.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (c)",28,34pg29.bmp,c,0
To create a Zip file from a list of files in the Explorer browser, you first need to select the files to be included. Use one of the following methods to select files in Explorer.
ò Press Ctrl+A to select all files in the current folder.
ò Select the first file in the list by clicking on it with the mouse pointer, then hold down the Shift key while you click on the last file in the list; all items between the first and last file selected are highlighted.
ò Hold down the Ctrl key while you click on each file to be included.
ò Drag a rectangular area around the files you want to select (ensure you start dragging in a blank part of the window).
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (d)",29,34pg30.bmp,c,0
Once you have selected the files you want to zip, right-click on any selected file and choose the \IAdd to Zip\i command from the shortcut menu.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (e)",30,34pg31.bmp,c,0
WinZip displays the \BAdd\b dialog box. If WinZip is not already running, it starts automatically.
Click the \INew\i button in the \IAdd to Archive\i section, then choose a folder to store the archive.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (f)",31,34pg32.bmp,c,0
In the \BNew Archive\b dialog box, type a name for the new archive in the \IFile name\i text box and click \IOK\i.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (g)",32,34pg33.bmp,c,0
After you have named your Zip file, click the \IAdd\i button in the \BAdd\b dialog box.
#
"Making Your Own Zip Files - (h)",33,34pg34.bmp,c,0
A new Zip file is created, containing all the selected files.
You can also use the \INew\i and \IAdd\i buttons respectively, to create a new Zip file and add files to it, although using the \IAdd to Zip\i shortcut in Explorer is probably the quickest and easiest method.
#
!,!,!,!,!
2#
30,0
"Contents of 'Transferring Files with WS_FTP'",1,0.wpf,a,"2_2intro.wav"
In this section, we show you how to:
ò \ICreate a shortcut to WS_FTP\i
ò \IDownload files using WS_FTP\i
ò \IDisconnect from an ftp server\i
#
"Introduction to Transferring Files with WS_FTP",2,0,c,"2_2vid.avi"
#
"Introduction to Transferring Files with WS_FTP (b)",3,22pg01.bmp,c,0
After following the instructions in Section 2.1 \BGetting And Using Files\b, you should now have a usable copy of WS_FTP stored in the folder you created for it.
The WS_FTP program is started using the executable file \Iws_ftp32.exe\i. You can run this by double-clicking its filename in Explorer or in My Computer.
You can also choose the \IRun\i command from the \BStart\b menu and enter its path and filename.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (a)",4,35pg03.bmp,c,0
Windows 95 allows you to create shortcuts so you can get quick access to programs. By adding a shortcut for WS_FTP, you can run the program by double-clicking its shortcut icon. A shortcut can be added to any folder, or included in the \IStart Menu\i folder, or placed on the desktop.
To place a shortcut on the desktop, right-click on a blank part of the desktop to display the shortcut menu. Choose the \IShortcut\i option from the \BNew\b submenu.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (b)",5,c04f018.bmp,c,0
In the \ICommand line\i text box of the \BCreate Shortcut\b dialog box, type or select the path and filename of the executable file \Iws_ftp32.exe\i.
Click on the \INext\i button to continue creating the shortcut.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (c)",6,c04f019.bmp,c,0
Type a descriptive title for the shortcut, then click the \IFinish\i button.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (d)",7,35pg06.bmp,c,0
The shortcut is placed on the desktop and can be moved to any position by dragging it with the mouse.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (e)",8,35pg07.bmp,c,0
You can also add shortcuts to the \BStart\b menu. To add a shortcut to the top of the \BStart\b menu, simply drag the shortcut onto the \IStart\i button. It is automatically added for you.
#
"Creating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (f)",9,35pg08.bmp,c,0
To add a shortcut to a selected folder on the \BStart\b menu, right-click on the \IStart\i button and choose the \IExplore\i command. In the Explorer browser, open the \IStart Menu\i folder where you want to place the shortcut. The shortcut can then be dragged into the selected folder, or created by choosing the \IShortcut\i option from the \BNew\b submenu on the \BFile\b menu.
The techniques described above can be used to create shortcuts to files, folders, and programs throughout Windows 95, and for any other programs you download from the Internet while working through this CD.
#
"Starting WS_FTP",10,35pg10.bmp,c,0
If you added a shortcut to the \BStart\b menu, you can start WS_FTP by selecting its name from the \BStart\b menu.
Alternatively, double-click its filename (\Iws_ftp32.exe\i) in the folder browser window, or double-click the shortcut icon that you created.
The \BSession Profile\b dialog box opens where you can enter information about the ftp server you want to connect to. Once you have entered all the information, WS_FTP saves it so that you can easily connect to the same ftp server again.
Click the \INew\i button to start a new session, then in the \IProfile Name\i combo box type a descriptive name you want to use for this ftp server.
In this exercise, we will ftp to \Bftp.utas.edu.au\b, which contains many TCP/IP applications for use with your PPP connection, called Windows Sockets (or WinSock for short).
Type \BTassie WinSocks\b in the \IProfile Name\i combo box, to give the server a descriptive name.
In the \IHost Name\i text box, enter the domain name or IP address of the ftp server.
The name can be an Internet domain name (such as \Bftp.qualcomm.com\b) or a numeric IP address.
To connect to the Tassie WinSocks server, type \Bftp.utas.edu.au\b in the \IHost Name\i text box. Leave the \IHost Type\i combo box set to \IAutomatic detect\i so that WS_FTP automatically determines the operating system used by the ftp server.
If you have an account on this ftp server, you can enter your user name and password in the \IUser ID\i and \IPassword\i text boxes.
If you don't have an account on this ftp server, check the \IAnonymous Login\i check box.
In the \IPassword\i text box, enter your e-mail address, which will be used as your password when you log on anonymously. Check the \ISave Password\i check box so you donÆt have to re-enter your password each time you connect.
In the \IRemote Host\i text box, enter the directory you want to begin searching once you are connected to the server.
Alternatively, leave the text box blank, and you can search through the directories yourself. In this exercise, type \B/pc/win3x\b as the directory to start in.
In the \ILocal PC\i text box, enter the folder name on your own computer to stores files that you download. Specifying a folder called \IDownload\i or \ITransfer\i is a good idea.
If you havenÆt checked the \IAuto Save Config\i check box, click the \ISave\i button to save the information for this server, then click on the \IOk\i button. WS_FTP attempts to connect to the ftp server you have specified.
#
"The WS_FTP Interface",19,35pg19.bmp,c,0
Once you have successfully connected to an ftp server, the WS_FTP window displays information about the files on your computer in the \ILocal System\i section, and the directories and files on the ftp server in the \IRemote System\i section.
The buttons in each section allow you to change directories (\IChgDir\i button), make directories (\IMkDir\i button), remove directories (\IRmDir\i button), view files (\IView\i button), and so on.
#
"If You Can't Connect to a server",20,35pg20.bmp,c,0
If you have a problem connecting to the ftp server, status messages appear in the status section at the bottom of the WS_FTP window.
You can scroll through this section using the arrows to read what may have happened. In many cases, the server may be overloaded and wonÆt let you log on.
These messages are displayed in the status section.
Click the \IMkDir\i button in the \ILocal System\i section, and type the name \Barchie\b. Click \IOk\i to make a new folder.
#
"Retrieving a File Using WS_FTP - (a)",25,35pg25.bmp,c,0
Double-click the new folder called \Iarchie\i. The file list is currently empty.
To download a file, click on its filename in the list of files in the \IRemote System\i section. In the \ILocal System\i section, choose the folder on your own computer to place the file.
Click on the left-pointing arrow button in the middle of the application window to copy the file.
#
"Retrieving a File Using WS_FTP - (b)",26,35pg26.bmp,c,0
For example, in the \IRemote System\i section, click once on the file \Iwsarch07.zip\i (or a later version, such as \Iwsarch11.zip).\i
Click the left-pointing arrow button in the middle of the application window to copy the file to your local \Iarchie\i folder.
This file will be used and explained in Section 2.3 \BLooking at FTP Sites\b.
#
"Retrieving a File Using WS_FTP - (c)",27,35pg27.bmp,c,0
WS_FTP starts downloading the file. The status of the download is displayed in the \BTransfer Status\b dialog box.
#
"Disconnecting From an FTP Server",28,35pg28.bmp,c,0
When you have finished downloading files from an ftp server, click the \IClose\i button at the bottom of the application window.
#
"Connnecting to another FTP Server",29,35pg29.bmp,c,0
If you want to connect to a different ftp server, click the \IConnect\i button at the bottom of the application window.
The \BSession Profile\b dialog box displays again. You can choose a server from the saved configurations by clicking on the down arrow of the \IProfile Name\i combo box.
Choose the server you want to connect to, and click \IOk\i.
#
"Exiting from WS_FTP",30,35pg30.bmp,c,0
To quit the WS_FTP program, click the \IExit\i button at the bottom of the window, or the close button in the top-right corner.
#
!,!,!,!,!
3#
17,0
"Contents of 'Looking at FTP Sites'",1,0.wpf,a,"2_3intro.wav"
In this section, you learn about:
ò \IInstalling Archie\i
ò \ICreating a shortcut to Archie\i
ò \ISpecifying an Archie server\i
ò \ISearching for a file using Archie\i
ò \IDownloading a file using Archie\i
#
"Searching the Entire World",2,0,a,"2_3vid.avi"
#
"Searching the Entire World (b)",3,0.wpf,g,0
Anonymous ftp can provide you with an enormous amount of information and free software. Once you become aware of what is available, the challenge is in finding the file you need, when you need it. This is where a program called Archie comes in handy. And fortunately, you downloaded it to your local PC in Section 2.2 \BTransferring Files with WS_FTP\b.
Archie is primarily used to locate specific files that are available using anonymous ftp, somewhere on the Internet. Archie is actually a database on another computer that contains indexes to ftp sites (called an Archie server). Although not complete, the database is extensive and includes most of the popular ftp locations.
To use an Archie server to locate files on the Internet, you need an Archie client. After following the steps in \JRetrieving a File Using WS_FTP - (a)\j, you should now have the archived Archie client (called WSARCHIE) stored in an \Iarchie\i folder.
#
"Installing Archie - (a)",4,36pg03.bmp,c,0
Using My Computer or Explorer, display the contents of the \Iarchie\i folder. You can double-click the Archie Zip file to automatically start WinZip and open the archive. This feature is usually added when you install WinZip. However, if you have created a WinZip icon on your desktop (see \JMaking Your Own Zip Files - (b)\j), you can drag the Archie Zip file onto the WinZip icon to open it.
Alternatively, you may want to use the more conventional method of starting WinZip, then clicking the \IOpen\i button and choosing the Zip file to open.
#
"Installing Archie - (b)",5,36pg04.bmp,c,0
Using WinZip, open the \Iwsarch07.zip\i file and extract all its files to the \Iarchie\i directory (see \JUnzipping WS_FTP - (a)\j).
You can then use the methods described in \JCreating a Shortcut to WS_FTP - (a)\j to create a shortcut to the \Iwsarchie.exe\i file.
#
"Starting Archie",6,36pg05.bmp,c,0
Double-click the Archie icon or its shortcut to start the Archie application.
#
"Specifying a Server - (a)",7,36pg06.bmp,c,0
If you are not a user located in the UK, you may need to change the default server when you first start Archie. It is preferable to contact a server that is physically close to you. To do this, choose the \IUser preferences\i command from the \BOptions\b menu.
Click on the \IUser preferences\i command to select it.
#
"Specifying a Server - (b)",8,36pg07.bmp,c,0
The \BUser Preferences\b dialog box displays. From the \IDefault Archie Server\i drop-down list, choose \Iarchie.au* Australia\i.
In the \IDefault Search Type\i section choose \IRegex\i, and type \Banonymous\b in the \IUser ID\i text box. Click the \IOK\i button to continue.
To confirm this change to the default server, exit and restart Archie.
For more information about choosing search options, select the \IIndex\i command from Archie's \BHelp\b menu.
#
"Specifying a Server - (c)",9,36pg08.bmp,c,0
Choose the \IFTP Setup\i command from the \BOptions\b menu. The \BFTP Setup\b dialog box allows you to enter the command line to start an ftp application for retrieving any files.
Edit the contents of the \ICommand\i text box to read: \Ic:\\wsftp\\ws_ftp32\i \B%h:%d/%f\b (where you replace the drive and folder name in the command line with the drive and folder name where you stored the program on your PC).
#
"Specifying a Server - (d)",10,36pg09.bmp,c,0
Make sure the \IUser name\i text box displays \Ianonymous\i, and type your e-mail address in the \IPassword\i text box. In the \IDirectory\i text box, type the directory you want to use for storing downloaded files. Click the \IOK\i button to continue.
#
"Using Archie to Search for a File - (a)",11,36pg10.bmp,c,0
In the \ISearch for\i text box of the Archie window, type the name of the file, or part of the filename, you are trying to find. You can also substitute wildcard characters as search criteria. Archie will search for and display a list of possible matches.
#
"Using Archie to Search for a File - (b)",12,36pg11.bmp,c,0
In Section 3.1 \BE-mailing with Eudora\b, you will download the file \Ieudor152.exe\i. If you want to list the servers the file can be found on, type its name now in the \ISearch for\i text box.
Click the \ISearch\i button to begin the search for the file you requested.
#
"Using Archie to Search for a File - (c)",13,c04f032.bmp,c,0
In some cases, the server may be very busy and you may receive an error message, such as "Archie timed out." You can try the search again, using a different server that may not be as busy.
#
"Using Archie to Search for a File - (d)",14,c04f033.bmp,c,0
If the search is successful, you see a list of the hosts that contain the file in the \IHosts\i list box. The file location for each host listed is displayed in the \IDirectories\i list box. Click on the file in the \IFiles\i list box to display file information such as its size and date at the bottom of the Archie window.
#
"Downloading a File using Archie",15,36pg14.bmp,c,0
Select a host in the \IHosts\i list box to "grab" the file from, and double-click the filename in the \IFiles\i list box.
Because you specified your ftp application when configuring Archie, you can simply double-click on a filename to start WS_FTP, and retrieve the file. Archie prompts you to verify the command line of the ftp application in the \BFTP Command\b dialog box.
Click \IOK\i to start WS_FTP.
#
"Exiting from Archie",16,36pg15.bmp,c,0
You can quit from Archie by choosing the \IExit\i command from the \BFile\b menu, or by clicking its close button in the top-right corner of the window.
#
"Interesting FTP Sites to Visit",17,23pg15b.bmp,c,0
There are hundreds of interesting ftp sites to visit on the Internet, and it is impractical to include them all here. However, a small selection of sites and their offerings are listed here for your convenience.
