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- The Quest for Visual Realism.
-
-
- Why Realism ?
-
- The creation of realistic pictures is an important goal in the
- fields such as simulation, design, entertainment and advertising,
- research and education, and command and control.
- *
- * Simulation Systems present images that not only are realistic, but
- also change dynamically. For example, a flight simulator shows the
- view that would be seen from the cockpit of a moving plane. To
- produce the effect of motion, the system generates and displays a
- new, slightly different view many times per second. Simulators such
- as those have been used to train the pilots of spacecraft,
- airplanes, and boats - and, more recently, drivers of cars.
- *
- * Designers of 3D objects such as automobiles, airplanes, and
- buildings want to see how their preliminary designs look. Creating
- realistic computer-generated images is often an easier, less
- expensive, and more effective way to see preliminary results than
- is building models and prototypes, and also allows more alternative
- designs to be considered. If the design work itself is also
- computer-based, a digital description of the object may already be
- available to use in creating the images. Ideally, the designer can
- also interact with the displayed image to modify the design.
- Realistic graphics is often coupled with programs that analyze
- other aspects of the object being designed, such as mass properties
- or its response to stress.
- *
- * Computer-generated imagery is used extensively in the entertainment
- world, both in traditional animated cartoons and in realistic and
- surrealistic images for logos, advertisements, and science-fiction
- movies. Computer-generated cartoons can mimic traditional
- animation, but can also transcend manual techniques by introducing
- more complicated motion and richer or more realistic imagery. Some
- complex realistic images can be produced at less cost than filming
- them from physical models of the objects. Other images have been
- generated that would have been extremely difficult or impossible to
- stage with real models. Special-purpose hardware and software
- created for use in entertainment include sophisticated paint
- systems and real-time systems for generating special effects and
- for combining images. As technology improves, home and arcade
- video games generate increasingly realistic images.
- *
- * Realistic images are becoming an essential tool in research and
- education. A particularly important example is the use of graphics
- in molecular modeling. It is interesting how the concept of
- realism is stretched here: The realistic depiction are not of
- "real" atoms, but rather of stylized ball-and-stick and volumetric
- models that allow larger structures to be built than are feasible
- with physical models, and that permit special effects, such as
- animated vibrating bonds and color changes representing reactions.
- On a macroscopic scale, movies made at JPL show NASA space-probe
- missions.
- *
- * Another application for realistic imagery is in command and
- control, in which the user needs to be informed about and to
- control the complex process represented by the picture. Unlike
- simulations, which attempt to mimic what a user would actually see
- and feel in the simulated situation, command and control
- applications often create symbolic displays that emphasize certain
- data and suppress others to aid in decision making.
- *
- *
- * The above text comes from the book :
-
- Computer Graphics
- Principles and Practice
- Second Edition
- Autors : Foley, van Dam, Feiner, Hughes
- ISBN : 0-201-12110-7
- Publisher : Addison Wesley