The use of kayaks by the Copper Eskimo had so declined by the time of the Canadian Arctic Expedition that very few men had them and they were used only for spearing caribou crossing lakes and rivers and occasionally for tending fish nets set close to shore. This frame illustrates the type of construction. Another, finer, kayak frame can be seen atop the sled in illustration 18. The wood for the frames was secured from stands of black spruce found far inland. The covering was usually of caribou skin.
