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- INTRODUCTION TO PACKET RADIO - PART 10 - By Larry Kenney, WB9LOZ
-
- In this and the next part of the series we're going to take an in depth
- look at the packet node network. In part 4 of this series we explained how
- to use the network for connecting to another station. Now we'll look at
- the other features a node offers.
-
- A packet node, in most cases, is still set up for digipeater operation, so
- you can still use it as a regular digipeater, but for most of your
- connections you'll want to use the node features. When using a string of
- digipeaters, your packets have to reach their destination parity correct,
- and the receiving TNC has to return an acknowledgement (ack) to your TNC
- for each packet cycle to be completed. As you add more digipeaters to the
- string, the chances of this happening become less and less. Other stations
- on the frequency and noise can be the cause of many retries. When using a
- node, however, your packets no longer have to reach their destination
- before acknowledgements are returned to your TNC. Each node acknowledges
- your packet as its sent along the way toward its destination.
-
- Using the packet node network can make your operating time on packet more
- enjoyable and it can greatly expand the area that you can reach. The
- network of NET/ROM, TheNet, G8BPQ and KAM nodes is expanding very quickly
- and now covers most of the country. New nodes are showing up almost daily.
- Thanks to all of these stations and the interconnecting links, you can now
- connect to stations in many far distant places using a low powered 2 meter
- rig. Some nodes are set up for cross-banding, and with the introduction of
- nodes on 10 meter FM, there's the possibility of working a station just
- about anywhere.
-
- If you've been monitoring lately, you might have seen the nodes in action.
- You might have wondered why they were sending all of those weird symbols
- like @fx/<~|. What you're seeing is the nodes communicating with each
- other and updating their node lists. You also might have noted callsigns
- with high numbered SSIDs, such as WB9LOZ-14, WA6DDM-15, W6PW-12, etc. The
- nodes change the SSID of all stations so that the packets sent via the
- network are not the same as those sent directly. If you were to use a node
- to connect to another station in the local area, there's the possibility of
- your packets being received by this station both from you directly and from
- the node. If the call through the node wasn't changed, the TNCs involved
- would be totally confused as it would appear that two stations were
- connecting using the same callsign. The node automatically changes the
- SSID using the formula 15-N, where N is your usual SSID. A call with -0
- becomes -15, a -1 becomes -14, -2 becomes -13, etc.
-
- The node network is very simple to use. As explained in part 4, to use the
- node network, you first connect to a local node. It should be one where
- you can connect direct with good signal strength. Once you've connected,
- you then have several options -- connect to another station within range of
- the node, connect to another node, connect to an associated BBS, obtain a
- list of the nodes that are available, or check route and user status. On
- NET/ROM and TheNet nodes you can also answer or call CQ.
-
- There are several commands available on your local node. All have CONNECT,
- NODES, ROUTES and USERS, and depending on the type of node you're using,
- you might also find the BBS, BYE, CQ, INFO, PARMS or PORTS commands
- available.
-
- THE PACKET NODE COMMANDS:
-
- CONNECT: The CONNECT command (which can be abbreviated as C) is used just
- like you use the CONNECT command with your TNC. To connect to another
- local station using the node, simply enter C followed by the callsign. To
- connect to another node you can use either the callsign or the alias. For
- example, you can connect to W6AMT or you can connect to the alias SFO.
- Either one will work.
-
- There's a special consideration when making connections from a node using
- the G8BPQ Packet Switch software. Since these nodes are capable of having
- several different frequencies connected to the one node, you have to
- indicate which frequency port you want to make your connection on. The
- PORTS command, abbreviated P, will give you a list of the ports available,
- such as this:
- SF:WB9LOZ-2} Ports:
- 1 223.52 MHz
- 2 144.99 MHz
- 3 443.15 MHz
- You then insert the port number between the C and the callsign, such as
- C 2 W6RFN, to indicate which frequency you want to use, in this case the
- port 2 frequency of 144.99 MHz.
-
- NODES: The NODES command (which can be abbreviated as N) will give you a
- listing of other nodes that can be worked from the node you're connected
- to. It lists both the alias and the callsign of each node it knows about.
- The list you'll find on each node will vary in length and will contain
- different callsigns since all of the frequencies are not linked.
-
- (continued with more on the NODES command and other commands in part 11)
-
- - - - -
-