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- From: spurrett@superbowl.und.ac.za (David Spurrett)
- Newsgroups: talk.philosophy.misc
- Subject: Re: Being and Time (longish)
- Date: Thu, 12 Nov 1992 15:50:25 GMT
- Organization: University Of Natal (Durban)
- Lines: 83
- Message-ID: <spurrett.38.721583424@superbowl.und.ac.za>
- References: <1992Nov10.125715.3048@ulrik.uio.no>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: pc13.superbowl.und.ac.za
-
- In article <1992Nov10.125715.3048@ulrik.uio.no> solan@smauguio.no
- (Svein Olav G. Nyberg) asks:
- >
- > What is the connection between Being and Time?
- >
- and adds:
- >
- >Whoever manages an answer that satisfies, has won my respect.
- >
-
- Wow! The ultimate intellectual prize! Who can resist?
-
- Here goes:
-
- (1) The problem is an ancient one. Zeno's paradoxes of motion were attempts
- to make the doctrine of his boss, Parmenides, that all is one and nothing
- ever changes, look less stupid, by showing the converse impossible.
- Aristitle credited Zeno with being the inventor of dialectic. In this
- version the problem is sometimes referred to as that of Being and
- _Becoming_, but the issues are in many essential ways the same. There are
- also links between this and the `discretum' vs `continuum' debates in
- metaphysics and some physics. [It may be fun for someone to start a threa
- on Zeno' paradoxes, they are great stuff.]
-
- (2) The problem gets to be a big problem in modern philosophy because of the
- naughty power of empiricism. Since time is not an _object_ of experience
- empiricists get major headaches trying to explain how we can tell that we
- are seeing, for example, a `constant conjunction' (Hume) between cause and
- effect. Put another way, we have a succession of experiences (according
- to an empiricist) but no way of identifying them as a succession, since
- that is not a thing which we experience over and above the things `in' the
- succession. Starting out as an empiricist can thus, by making it look as
- though statements about knowledge and those about being are the same
- thing, make it look as though Being and Time are two different things.
-
- Part of the way to dealing with the problem is, therefore, to stop
- being an empiricist.(Or a positivist, or any of those naughty people)
-
- (3) Kant got closer to dealing with the problem by arguing that _we_ are
- temporal in the way we percieve. That any experiences we have are struc-
- tured by the intuitions of space and time, which is how they _get_ to be
- experiences at all. ie: Our being, at least, _is_ temporal.
-
- (4) That's all well and good, but Kant said we could never approach the real
- nature of the world, and that we had no reason to suppose that _our_
- temporality (or anything) was the same as that of the world. The philo-
- sophical style called `Phenomenology' was heavily ifluenced by Kant, and
- it is from and out of this school that Heidegger came. I mention Heideg-
- ger only because his great work is call `Sein und Zeit', or `Being and
- Time.' For the purposes of your question there is not that much in B&T
- not added by Kant - it is a study of the temporality of _human_ Being,
- which Heidegger calls `dasein', which means `being-there' or `there-
- being', to emphasise his claim that human being (self conscious being) is
- never just being, but that it is `there' and also `then.'
-
- That helps with human being, and some of it can be generalised/abstracted
- for use on the problem of being in general.
-
- (5) With a little General Relativity along for the ride we can begin to say
- that the being of anything does not exist independently of its context
- (spa-tially or temporally) _and_ that the context does not exist indep-
- endently of the being of the things in it.
-
- THUS: (provisional conclusion)
-
- What it is to `be' is to have a distribution over a region of space and a
- period of time. Being is Temporal, and Spatial.
-
- and
-
- What it is for there to be time, or space, is for there to be things
- `being' _in_ that time or space.
-
- This has the (intelligible) consequence that a universe with nothing `in'
- it would be a non-universe, there would be no space or time without the
- things. I hope that this is a start, and sorry it is so long. (Can I have my
- respect now?)
-
- o------------------------------------------o------------------------------o
- | David Spurrett, Department of Philosophy | `I have seen the truth, and |
- | University of Natal, Durban | it makes no sense.' |
- | email: spurrett@superbowl.und.ac.za | - OFFICIAL! |
- o------------------------------------------o------------------------------o
-