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- From: spurrett@superbowl.und.ac.za (David Spurrett)
- Newsgroups: talk.philosophy.misc
- Subject: Re: Free Will and Morality (longish)
- Date: Thu, 12 Nov 1992 15:43:30 GMT
- Organization: University Of Natal (Durban)
- Lines: 120
- Message-ID: <spurrett.36.721583009@superbowl.und.ac.za>
- References: <1992Nov5.124350.21109@ulrik.uio.no> <spurrett.32.721389447@superbowl.und.ac.za> <1992Nov10.182841.17003@ulrik.uio.no>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: pc13.superbowl.und.ac.za
-
- In article <1992Nov10.182841.17003@ulrik.uio.no> solan@smauguio.no
- (Svein Olav G. Nyberg) writes:
-
- >However, by which standards are "right" and "wrong", "good" and "evil",
- >and all the other principles evaluated?
-
- Ho hum. This sounds a bit like the `Algorithmic thought' thread, where it
- was quite rightly pointed out that not every instance of rule-guidedness was
- one of rule application, or that sometimes we `just act,' and that the al-
- leged regress of illusory. If every standard is evaluated only in terms of
- some other standard, then there are no final standards and Solan's argument
- is valid. I think, however, that the assumption is unjustified, and that
- the existence of real `goods' would mean that no further evaluation is re-
- quired.
-
- >Part II: Let us consider an action evaluated according to a certain
- >standard to be one that I "should". What the heck is supposed to motivate
- >me to do it in the first place, if not that I have an INNER drive to
- >perform this action?
-
- >If morality is to be more than a game of words including "wrong", "right",
- >"good", "evil" and "ought"\"should", we clearly need to get a connection
- >between the inner drive and the moral command\advice.
-
- >So, if morality is not describtive in the sense of advising on what we
- >ought to do if our inner motivation is to be satisfied, what4s the use?
- >For me, an "it4s your duty" moves me no more than "it4s a crow".
-
- If you are so constituted that you can see, or find out, what is good in
- some situation, then that understanding should probably be motivation
- enough. Recall that in the _Republic_ to see the good, to love it, and to
- be motivated to do it all come together. I think there is a lot to be said
- for a Platonistic view of moral life. In such a view what is `good' would
- be related to our place as a part of the world, and the path of good action
- would be one which was attentive to this. Morality is both a kind of knowl-
- edge, and a kind of literacy.
-
- Further to the motivation thing, and by way of analogy: When I realise at
- some point `I am hungry' it does not require any additional cognitive effort
- to come up with the proposition `I want food' or `I should get some food',
- that's what it _is_ to be hungry. Likewise when I realise/find out/see that
- `This is a good thing to do' there is no step between that and `I should do
- that', that's what it _is_ to know what the good is.
-
- [Deletions]
-
- >Morality is just a set of guiding lines tieing back to "good"\"bad"
- >_for_me_. When it comes to a situation in which the moral advice no
- >longer serves its purpose, namely that of benefitting me, I just
- >dissolve it, i.e. take away its moving power, sever its link to my
- >action.
-
- [Deletions]
-
- You acknowledge the _value_ of self-benefit, which, in terms of your post-
- ing, seems to be your own ultimate good. That is not the same as saying
- there are _no_ goods at all. It is thus possible for you and I to have a
- conversation about our respective conceptions of the good, perhaps to the
- mutual advantage of both. I would like to see someone who has no values at
- all to join this thread in an intellectually valuable manner, _then_ we can
- have us some fun.
-
- >>>When we still retain Morality, it must be because we find
- >>>some reason to let it continue its existence. Bu
- >>
- >> How about it's impossible not to retain it? What more reason do we need
- >> than that? What about the question of its being a matter of the true
- >> understanding of the world?
- >
- >[I see a lot of my message is lost.]
- >
- >How should it be impossible not to retain it?
-
- It would be impossible, at the risk of labouring the point, if our consitu-
- tion and situation in the world was such that we were beings with an in-
- trinsic (if empiricism encrusted) moral aspect. Then it would be no more
- possible to do away with than our temporality (which also confused
- empiricists to hell & back, see my follow post to your `Being and Time.').
-
- >Also, as Hume showed, with a certain view of reason, reason cannot be
- >what moves into action. If reason says "Goddammit! If I don4t run now,
- >I will die" after a [short] analysis of the situation, it has produced
- >an excellent syllogism, but no MOTIVE for running, unless some other
- >agent with moving force catches this, and does not want to die.
-
- [Deletions]
-
- I've already looked at motivation, but think I should add here that Hume's
- excellent project of taking empiricism to the limit tells us rather more
- about the limits of empiricism than those of morality.
-
- >Regards, Solan
-
- Returning head on to the title issue of `Free Will and Morality' for a mo-
- ment, and further to my first posting to this thread, the link between the
- two can be very economically expressed thus:
-
- 1) I am only morally responsible where I am responsible at all.
-
- 2) If determinism is true then all my `acts' are the consequence of the ac-
- tion of the laws of nature upon the initial state of the universe.
-
- 3) I am not responsible for the laws of nature.
-
- 4) I am not responsible for the initial state of the universe.
-
- 5) Therefore if determinism is true I am not responsible for any of my so-
- called `acts'.
-
- 6) Therefore if determinism is true I am never morally responsible.
-
- This has the additional consequence (since if the argument works it will
- work for everyone) that _nobody_ is ever morally responsible, hence that
- morality has nothing to do with the world.
-
- o------------------------------------------o------------------------------o
- | David Spurrett, Department of Philosophy | `I have seen the truth, and |
- | University of Natal, Durban | it makes no sense.' |
- | email: spurrett@superbowl.und.ac.za | - OFFICIAL! |
- o------------------------------------------o------------------------------o
-