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- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!charon.amdahl.com!pacbell.com!decwrl!purdue!mentor.cc.purdue.edu!hrubin
- From: hrubin@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (Herman Rubin)
- Subject: Re: Axioms of set theory, infinity and R. Rucker
- Message-ID: <BxBpwq.LFM@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>
- Organization: Purdue University Statistics Department
- References: <1992Nov6.133138.16642@prl.philips.nl> <1992Nov6.182447.25955@infodev.cam.ac.uk>
- Date: Sat, 7 Nov 1992 02:07:37 GMT
- Lines: 45
-
- In article <1992Nov6.182447.25955@infodev.cam.ac.uk> gjm11@cus.cam.ac.uk (G.J. McCaughan) writes:
- >In article <1992Nov6.133138.16642@prl.philips.nl> schiller@prl.philips.nl (schiller c) writes:
-
-
- >>In the definition of a set, one axiom is the existence
- >>of infinity. It is one of the usual Zermelo-Fraenkel
- >>axioms.
-
- >>Reading the book "infinity and the mind" by Rudy Rucker
- >>(by the way, it is delighting), one learns that
- >>there are many different types of infinities which
- >>exist, of different "size".
-
- >>Which of these is the infinity specified in the
- >>axioms of set theory ? Is it important to decide this
- >>question ? Does this have any effect on set theory ?
-
- >The usual axiom of infinity guarantees a countably infinite set; that is,
- >one the same size as the set of natural numbers.
-
- >With the axiom of choice, every infinite set contains a countable set, so
- >an axiom saying "There is an infinite set" without being so specific about
- >just what sort of infinite set there was would be OK. Without the axiom of
- >choice, there is a difference; and it is useful to have a guarantee that
- >there is a set that can function as a set of natural numbers, for instance.
-
- >With the axiom of choice, the natural numbers are as small as an infinite
- >set can be. Without it, that's still almost true but it's not always possible
- >to compare the sizes of infinite sets.
-
- However, one does not need the axiom of choice. The ordinal numbers, defined
- as in Godel, for example, do not need that axiom for the definition. Then
- for any set x, the Hartogs function of x, which is the set of all ordinal
- numbers of size smaller than or equal to x, is an ordinal number not of such
- a size. This must contain the natural numbers if x is not a finite set, so
- any kind of infinite set is adequate.
-
- It is not possible to have a smaller infinite set than the natural numbers,
- but it is possible to have infinite sets of a size incomparable to that of
- the natural numbers.
- --
- Herman Rubin, Dept. of Statistics, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette IN47907-1399
- Phone: (317)494-6054
- hrubin@snap.stat.purdue.edu (Internet, bitnet)
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-