home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!haven.umd.edu!darwin.sura.net!spool.mu.edu!agate!linus!linus.mitre.org!gauss!bs
- From: bs@gauss.mitre.org (Robert D. Silverman)
- Subject: Re: How to respond to enthusiasm [Was Re: Help X^2 == Y mod N]
- Message-ID: <1992Nov5.131125.22075@linus.mitre.org>
- Sender: news@linus.mitre.org (News Service)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: gauss.mitre.org
- Organization: Research Computer Facility, MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA
- References: <1992Nov3.042721.2035@vela.acs.oakland.edu> <1992Nov3.114800.23056@linus.mitre.org> <1da1ggINNk95@gap.caltech.edu>
- Date: Thu, 5 Nov 1992 13:11:25 GMT
- Lines: 55
-
- In article <1da1ggINNk95@gap.caltech.edu> mokie@cco.caltech.edu (Michael L. Brundage) writes:
- :bs@fatima.mitre.org (Robert D. Silverman) writes:
- :
- :>In article <1992Nov3.042721.2035@vela.acs.oakland.edu> phkahler@vela.acs.oakland.edu (KAHLER PAUL H.) writes:
- :>:I would like to know if any one knows of a (good) method of finding X in
- :>:the following congruence:
- :>:
- :>:X^2 == Y mod N given Y and N
- :>:
- :>:I know how to determine if X exists and how to find it if N is prime.
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
- :>:However, my N is not prime.
- :>:
- :>:My math prof told me there is a way but he didn't know it off the top of his
- :>:head. I checked the library and can't find it. I'm not convinced that anyone
- :>:has a way, or if it can be done in general. (oh boy! an unsolved problem?!)
- :>
- :>Its trivial.
- :
- :This is being picky, but when someone says "Oh boy!" about a problem, and
- :someone else replies with "It's trivial" it (at first, at least)
- :either (a) sounds egotistical or (b) squelches the enthusiasm of the poser.
- :Of course, you probably just meant "It's not a hard problem, see, here's the
- :way to do it," but it sounds much less kind than that on a first (and
- :second, for that matter) reading.
-
- As you may recall, the original poser said that he *already knew* how
- to solve square roots modulo a prime. The best algorithm(s)
- for doing this are variations of a random method due to Shanks, that
- searches for a quadratic non-residue. Direct methods are known when the prime
- is 3 mod 4, or 5 mod 8, but in other cases there does not seem to be a
- fast *deterministic* method.
-
- For someone who knows this much, factoring the modulus and using the
- Chinese remainder theorem should indeed be trivial, because understanding
- the first problem itself isn't trivial.
-
- Of course, maybe the original poser really did NOT know how to find
- square roots modulo a prime and was doing it by some stupid method, like
- direct search. However, when someone says that he knows how to do something,
- I have no reason to doubt him/her.
-
- In any event, I tend to use the word 'trivial' to refer to something
- that is elementary. In this case, understanding the method requires
- nothing more than high school algebra.
-
- Implying that the answer to the original question is NON-trivial would
- be insulting to the reader, rather than the other way around.
-
- --
- Bob Silverman
- These are my opinions and not MITRE's.
- Mitre Corporation, Bedford, MA 01730
- "You can lead a horse's ass to knowledge, but you can't make him think"
-