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- Path: sparky!uunet!pipex!warwick!uknet!pavo.csi.cam.ac.uk!emu.pmms.cam.ac.uk!rgep
- From: rgep@emu.pmms.cam.ac.uk (Richard Pinch)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: definition of topological space
- Keywords: Topology; Open sets; Continuity
- Message-ID: <1992Nov5.094404.15550@infodev.cam.ac.uk>
- Date: 5 Nov 92 09:44:04 GMT
- References: <1992Nov5.033835.5180@leland.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@infodev.cam.ac.uk (USENET news)
- Organization: Department of Pure Mathematics, University of Cambridge
- Lines: 43
- Nntp-Posting-Host: emu.pmms.cam.ac.uk
-
- In article <1992Nov5.033835.5180@leland.Stanford.EDU>
- ledwards@leland.Stanford.EDU (Laurence James Edwards) writes:
- >The definition of a topological space is:
- >
- > :a set with a collection of subsets satisfying the conditions that
- > both the empty set and the set itself belong to the collection, the
- > union of any number of the subsets is also an element of the collection,
- > and the intersection of a finite number of the subsets is an element
- > of the collection
- >
- >What is the purpose of this definition? To the naive reader (such as myself)
- >it would seem that just about any set along with one of its subsets and the
- >empty set would be a topological space, e.g. it would semm to me that:
- >
- >{1,2,3} {} {1}
- >
- >is a topological space. What am I missing here? In one math dictionary
- >it is stated that this definition allows one to establish the notion of
- >continuity as it applies to functions between topological spaces ...
- >I don't see how. Can anyone clue me in?
- >
- Well, here goes. The sets in the family are called "open" and you should
- think of them as being rather like the open intervals in the real line.
- A subset of R is open iff it is the union of a collection of open intervals
- (a,b); equivalently if it contains an open interval round any of its points.
-
- The epsilon-delta definition of continuity says that f is continuous iff
- for all x, for all e > 0, there exists d > 0 such that
- |x-x'| < e => |f(x) - f(x')| < d
- i.e.
- for all x, for all e > 0, there exists d > 0 such that
- f*(f(x)-d, f(x)+d) contains (x-e,x+e)
- where f*(Y) is the set of x such that f(c) is in Y.
- i.e.
- Y open => f*(Y) open
-
- and this last is the topological definition of continuity.
-
- Incidentally, {1,2,3} {} {1} is a perfectly good family of open sets
- for a topology on {1,2,3}: but it has nothing to do with epsilons and
- deltas.
-
- Richard Pinch
-