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- From: gagibson@grad07.math.ncsu.edu (Gregory A. Gibson)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: Question on real numbers
- Message-ID: <1992Oct8.220840.9952@ncsu.edu>
- Date: 8 Oct 92 22:08:40 GMT
- References: <1992Oct8.211117.19295@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
- Sender: news@ncsu.edu (USENET News System)
- Organization: NCSU Mathematics Dept.
- Lines: 58
-
- In article <1992Oct8.211117.19295@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de> vhansen@ipfs.bau-verm.uni-karlsruhe.de (Wolfgang von Hansen) writes:
- >Hi everybody,
- >
- >is it possible to express any real number x with the following term
- >
- >x = a + rb; a, b \in Q; r \in R, r const.
- >
- >Some more words to explain what I mean:
- >I was wondering if there is an analogon between the real numbers and
- >the complex numbers.
- >
- >It is well known that any complex number c can be
- >written as an ordered pair of real numbers a, b: c = (a, b).
- >Operations can be done by using i := (0, 1) to write c = a + ib.
- >Knowing that i * i = -1 one can perform complex arithmetics by using
- >only the rules for real numbers.
- >
- >My idea is to write any real number as a pair of rational numbers
- >one of them multiplied with a constant real number r (see above).
- >a is not necessarily (spelling? ;-) different from null. A useful value
- >for r may be \sqrt(n), n \in N, because r * r = n is easy to handle.
- >This representation of the real numbers might improve the speed
- >and/or accuracy of algorithms on computers since all calculations are
- >done with rational numbers.
- >
- >There are some things left to do:
- >1. Proove if it is (not) possible.
- >2. Find a good value for r. (How many different values for r are
- > existing? none, one, finite, infinite?)
- >3. Find algorithm(s) to convert real numbers.
- >
- >I'd be very happy if someone could give me some hints how to deal with
- >these tasks. I'm afraid that there are some non-trivial problems
- >to solve.
- >
- >Thanks for paying attention, Wolfgang
-
-
- The concept that you are looking for is that of a field
- extension of the rational numbers. For example, the set of all
- numbers of the form q1 + q2*sqrt(2) is a field( a set of numbers
- which is closed under arithmetic, +,- ,*,/ ) denoted Q(sqrt(2)).
- The problem with your plan is that the rationals are countable,
- so for any r in R, the set of numbers of the form q1 + q2*r is also
- a countable set. The reals are not countable, so this set can not
- contain all real numbers. By countable I mean any set which can be
- put into a one to one correspondence with the Natural numbers,
- { 1, 2, 3, ... }. So I'm afraid your idea won't work. It is possible,
- to have computers sovle problems exactly using this sort of scheme
- if all of the numbers involved are in some extension field of the
- rationals and the only operations are +, - , *, and /. If you need
- to take square roots or something like that then the result could be a
- real number which is not in your extension field.
- For further info. on extension fields you should consult a text
- on basic abstract algebra. I hope this helps.
-
- -- Greg Gibson
-
-