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- From: holmes@garnet.idbsu.edu (Randall Holmes)
- Newsgroups: sci.logic
- Subject: Re: The Mathematical Universe
- Keywords: inconsistent multiplicities
- Message-ID: <1992Oct9.162417.18298@guinness.idbsu.edu>
- Date: 9 Oct 92 16:24:17 GMT
- References: <Bvr8tF.D99@unx.sas.com> <1992Oct8.050325.22915@guinness.idbsu.edu> <1992Oct8.155519.20021@tamsun.tamu.edu>
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- Organization: Boise State University
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- In article <1992Oct8.155519.20021@tamsun.tamu.edu> cmenzel@tamsun.tamu.edu (Chris Menzel) writes:
- >In article <1992Oct8.050325.22915@guinness.idbsu.edu> holmes@opal.idbsu.edu (Randall Holmes) writes:
- >>The reason why I maintain that alternate physical universes exist is
- >>that I also maintain that the physical world is a "mathematical
- >>object" (say, for the sake of argument, a function with domain R^{4}
- >>and values expressing the intensities of various fields at given
- >>places and times; I am not committed to a specific description of this
- >>kind).
- >
- >Zur\"uck zu Pythagoras! As I recall, Quine suggested a similar idea
- >some years ago, but I can't remember where; "Ontological Relativity"
- >maybe. Pythagoreanism notwithstanding, I take it you don't think the
- >physical world is *literally* a mathematical object, if only for the
- >fact that, as you yourself hint, any number of other mathematical
- >objects would have served just as well.
-
- He did. Indeed many other objects would have served as well (do in
- fact serve as well?); our position makes it impossible to discover
- which one has in fact served :-)
-
- >
- >>There are, of course, many other functions of the same general
- >>kind as the one to be identified with the physical universe, some of
- >>which satisfy the same "natural laws" as ours. These latter ones are
- >>the "possible worlds" to which I am referring.
- >
- >Seems to me that, on this story alone, there is no basis for saying
- >that one of these alternative functions satisfies the same natural
- >laws as ours, since those functions only describe what actually
- >happens in fact in those worlds. To say that certain natural laws
- >obtain you have to be able to say that those worlds support certain
- >sorts of couterfactuals, i.e., relative to those worlds you have to be
- >able to be able to talk about what *would* happen under certain
- >conditions, and for this you need at least some notion of "closeness"
- >or "similarity" of worlds a la Robert Stalnaker or David Lewis for
- >understanding counterfactual discourse. (E.g., p counterfactually
- >implies q iff q is true in the closest world in which p is true.)
- >Even this though is rather uncomfortably Humean for us gonzo
- realists.
-
- To say that they satisfy certain natural laws is to say that they have
- certain mathematical properties -- generally ones which explain a lot
- of their structure "economically" (and so make predictions possible,
- on our level). Once I have indicated what the natural laws are, I
- know which worlds are "possible" :-) (there are plenty of "impossible"
- ones left over which do not satisfy those laws). There may be
- different systems of natural law, even ones which are incompatible
- under certain circumstances which do not actually arise in the present
- world, which are equally true of the present world and generate quite
- different systems of "possible worlds". How do I have any problem
- defining closeness or similarity of worlds or parts of worlds? It is
- a straightforward mathematical exercise to define metrics on the
- "space" of "possible worlds"; if I adhere to the kind of structure for
- the world indicated above, metrics leap to mind.
-
- Our determination of what natural laws obtain in our world is based on
- what is actually the case. We do not have physical access to any
- counterfactual situations; anything we deduce about such situations is
- based on prior determination of what laws appear to hold in the world
- we are in. We know about counterfactual worlds through our
- understanding of counterfactual implication (application of natural
- law to situations we have not encountered), not vice versa.
-
- David Hume was a smart guy. So was Pythagoras.
-
- >
- >>The opinions expressed | --Sincerely,
- >>above are not the "official" | M. Randall Holmes
- >>opinions of any person | Math. Dept., Boise State Univ.
- >>or institution. | holmes@opal.idbsu.edu
- >
- >--Chris Menzel
- > Philosophy Department
- > Texas A&M University
-
- --
- The opinions expressed | --Sincerely,
- above are not the "official" | M. Randall Holmes
- opinions of any person | Math. Dept., Boise State Univ.
- or institution. | holmes@opal.idbsu.edu
-