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- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!cleveland.Freenet.Edu!aa700
- From: aa700@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Michael Current)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.atari.8bit
- Subject: Re: Frequently-Asked Questions
- Date: 8 Sep 1992 19:24:52 GMT
- Organization: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (USA)
- Lines: 68
- Message-ID: <18ium4INN4nt@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
- References: <1992Sep8.140317.20844@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
- Reply-To: aa700@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Michael Current)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: hela.ins.cwru.edu
-
-
- In a previous article, UJ1G@DKAUNI2.BITNET ("Marek Tomczyk") says:
-
- >
- >Michael Current's FAQ contains:
- >
- >> 65XEM 65XE plus AMIE sound chip
- >
- >Hm, never heared of an AMIE sound chip. What is it exactly?
- >Is it as good as the SID(?) inside the c=64?
- >Is it possible to get the sound chip from somewhere and add it to
- >my 130XE? How much does the AMIE costs?
-
- That description of a 65XEM came from a 1985 issue of Antic (the issue
- before the one with the flying 130ST on the cover.). There happens to be
- this issue of Byte from March 1986, with a 1040ST on the cover, which
- contains an interview with Shiraz Shivji, Atari Corp. vice president of
- research and development at that time. Talking about future STs:
-
- BYTE: What about sound capabilities?
- Shivji: We had a project around here started during Alan Kay's tenure--a
- chip called Amy. And the ST was designed to have the Amy. But the Amy did
- not happen. We had silicon, the first pass, in Octerober or
- November[1985], and we had severe problems with it. It was kind of an
- orphan project. And if you have a chip that has six or eight people who
- have worked on it at different times, chances of the chip working are slim.
- But it's a good design.
-
- BYTE: What does it do? What's so special about it?
- Shivji: The approach of others is that during horizontal-refresh time you
- go out to some pace and put some memory out automatically , and that goes
- through a DAC and you have sound. Essentially you're sampling at 15.75
- kHz, which is the typical frequency. So it's like a digital tape recorder.
- You have a digitized sound and you're just putting it out. And it needs
- enormous amounts of memory. The key is: How do you encode sound? From an
- information-theoretic point of view, there are two problems with this
- papproach. One is it's an anormous waste of memory. Because you could
- encode whatever sound you're going to play, as far as data is concerned in
- a sound piece, the data rate is extremely low. And doing it in the digital
- tape recorder way, you're wasting an awful lot of bandwidth and a lot of
- memory. The second problem with other implementations is that you only
- have 8 bits and it's not really that good. Especially with CDs coming out.
- Amy was a chip that had 16 bits of information coming out. So you
- could have 96 decibels of range. What you could hear! Amy was a complete
- digital sound chip. It's called an additive-digital synthesizer. It had
- an adder and 64 independent oscillators. It has a model for sound and you
- feed it the parameters. But if you do that you have to do an awful lot of
- preprocessing. We had hired a lot of people. We had a VAX 780 devoted to
- it. We had equipment, fast floating-point array processors, and so on, to
- analyze notes. We would get a tape of piano playing and then the VAX would
- analyze it and would take the Amy model and give the parameters.. To play
- anything you only needed to have parameter tables and feed it to the chip.
-
- The interview goes on a bit more, being even less informative. It ends
- with this ditty:
-
- BYTE: So the Yamaha chip is in there just to give it the basic sound?
- Shivji: Yes, just the basic sounds you need. Though, of course, the ports
- are very useful.
-
- Sorry for any typos, I never looked up at the screen.
-
- I assume this Amy is the AMIE that was for a 65XEM as well.
- --
- Michael Current, Cleveland Free-Net 8-bit Atari SIGOp -->> go atari <<--
- The Cleveland Free-Net Atari SIG is the Central Atari Information Network
- Internet: currentm@carleton.edu / UUCP: ...!umn-cs!ccnfld!currentm
- BITNET: currentm%carleton.edu@{interbit} / Cleveland Free-Net: aa700
-