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- From: brian%jaguar.cs.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Brian Sturgill)
- Subject: OS/2 vs NT features list, Revision 1.8
- Date: 7 Sep 92 17:26:52 MDT
- Message-ID: <1992Sep7.172652.1686@hellgate.utah.edu>
- Followup-To: comp.os.os2.advocacy,comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy
- Originator: brian@jaguar.cs.utah.edu
- Organization: University of Utah CS Dept
- Lines: 544
-
-
- OS/2 vs NT features list, Revision 1.8
-
- FOLLOWUPS ARE REDIRECTED ONLY TO THE ADVOCACY GROUPS, PLEASE LEAVE IT
- THAT WAY.
-
- #
- Well there are some signs of a slowing of revisions this time...
-
- This list strives to document the differences in features between
- OS/2 2.0 and the not yet released Windows NT. This list is NOT perfect yet.
- While I believe I understand both fairly well, they are far too complex
- for anyone to know everything, and I cannot take the time to thoroughly
- check all the facts.
- This of course is why I ask for your input... please be nice!
-
-
- Warning: I develop for both systems, but have a bias towards NT.
- I do try to be fair though.
-
-
- KEY TO CHANGE MARKERS
-
- A "#" at the beginning of a line signifies that it has been
- changed this revision. An "@", signifies it is new this revision.
- An "!" indicates a point that definitely needs more information.
- One of the characters in front of a paragraph or a section title
- implies it is for the whole unit. (I don't mark grammar or
- spelling corrections.)
- Deletions in this revision:
- None.
-
-
- BRIEF EXPLAINATION OF WHY I SHOW THE BASIC SYSTEM PACKAGES FIRST
-
- The base features of an OS make a lot of difference in what sort
- of apps will be developed for it. For example a recent freeware
- program for the Macintosh used sound clips from a recent Bush speech
- to randomly generate new speeches. If it were not the case that
- all modern Macintoshes have sound support in hardware and software,
- it would have been much less likely the author would have gone to
- the trouble. Another example, suppose there is a telephone package
- that answer/logs/places calls using a specialized board. Under NT
- everybody has RPC, so it would not be surprising to find such a
- package having a feature that could alert another system via RPC
- that a call has come in, likewise it could send the notification
- (or even a WAV file of a saved voice-message) via e-mail as there
- is a built-in Mail API in NT and the MM features are there to play
- back the message under a Windows 3.X or NT system.
-
- As OS/2 currently markets features such as MM and RPC as options, how
- likely do you think it is developers would use them in main-stream
- applications, especially low-end ones?
-
- After this set of lists, you'll find another set that shows features of
- OS/2 (and NT) add-ons and a price list.
-
- ************************
- ***
- First a set of lists of the features in the _basic_ system packages.
- ***
- ************************
-
- Features in OS/2 2.0 GA but not in the pre-beta Windows NT
-
- Object Oriented Shell (WorkPlace Shell)
-
- Great DOS support
-
- REXX
- NT comes with no equal script/batch language.
-
- Windows 3.0 support (NT has it too, but it is not as good).
-
- Is actually released.
- Except when simply comparing features, this "feature" is
- of course a quite important difference. I assume people
- realize that it means that NT does not yet have support,
- polished documentation, NetWare support, etc.
-
- Supports OS/2 1.X PM apps.
-
- Comes with more applets.
-
- SOM (A generic object wrapper package)
- It is used by WPS for its objects.
- Those objects can also be used by other applications.
-
- Supports Windows 2.0 apps.
-
- # Can run without a GUI.
-
- Installable from CD-ROM and diskettes.
-
- Can boot non-DOS systems in a VDM.
-
- Can be configured to work well in 6 megs of memory.
-
- Optional direct access to hardware from VDMs.
-
- Allows peformance tuning by "twiddling" parameters.
- (Unfortunately, sometimes you need to.)
-
-
- Features in the pre-beta Windows NT but not in OS/2 2.0 GA
-
- Designed to be a self balancing system.
- (Unfortunately, sometimes you can't "twiddle" as much as
- you want to.)
-
- System tables dynamically extensible.
- In other words no arbitrary limits of 256 processes or
- 1024 open files, etc.
-
- Quota and and Statistics hooks for most system objects.
- System objects are things like processes, threads,
- files, semaphores, etc.
- NT has the hooks necessary to set per-user quotas
- on objects. It also contains monitoring facilities
- in each of these objects so that statistics on their
- use can be gathered. In many instances these
- "hooks" are already in use, especially in the area
- of monitoring facilities.
-
- Full symmetric multiprocessing support.
-
- Memory mapped files
-
- Asynchronous I/O
- It turns out that NT's version of async I/O requires you
- to give it a data buffer at the time you issue the
- I/O request, so this form is only marginally better
- than simulating async I/O with threads.
- IBM is dropping the feature because their underlying
- implementation was using threads anyway.
-
- 32-bit Console API
- OS/2 2.0 only supports a Console API via 16-bit
- thunked-calls. These calls are not documented
- # in OS/2 2.0-specific programming literature.
-
- DOS, (later POSIX), OS/2 1.X and NT console apps use the same window.
- If you bring up an NT command prompt and run a DOS program
- the output occurs in the same window. In other words
- if you run a mix of DOS, OS/2 1.X, and NT commands from
- the commandline, their output appears in the same window.
- Contrast this with OS/2 2.0... if you run the DOS
- "ls" command in an OS/2 window a DOS window appears...
- the output appears and the window closes; often before the
- output can be read.
-
- Has a cleaner, more modern design than OS/2 2.0.
- The Presentation Manager portion of the OS/2 2.0
- API is somewhat more clean than its NT counter part.
- But in nearly every other area, NT's design
- is cleaner. NTs kernel has a much more
- modern design than OS/2 2.0.
- @ It was designed from the beginning to be portable.
-
- Platform independent device driver support.
- Platform independence means independent of the
- hardware on which NT runs. The device driver people
- at the NT developers conference did not seem to
- believe this at first either... but after a long
- set of questions seemed convinced this was more or
- less possible. (A smaller head file contains the
- few differences that are necessary between platforms.)
-
- Dynamically loadable/unloadable file system and device drivers.
-
- @ Runs on more than one architecture.
- In addition to the Intel architecure,
- it runs on ACE compliant MIPS R4000;
- both uniprocessors and multiprocessors.
-
- # Generalized Registry. (database as replacement for '.ini'
- files)
- Rather than have a "config.sys" and other initialization
- files, all system data is put into a tree-structured
- database. (In this release not all programs utilize
- this.) OS/2 does keep some files (e.g. OS2.INI,
- OS2SYS.INI) in a binary format to avoid parsing overhead.
-
-
- Windows 3.1 support.
-
- Fully 32-bit drivers.
-
- GUI
- Fully 32-bit Graphics Engine.
- Separate queues per process.
- PM and Windows 3.X have one message queue for all
- applications. NT's implementation of this feature
- does not suffer from the problem of misdirected
- type/mouse ahead. (At least I couldn't make
- it mess-up on my system.)
-
- 32-bit OLE
-
- Security
- C2 level (not certified)
- ACL's for all objects.
- Logons.
- E-Mail API (X.500, can use X.400 as a transport)
- B2 hooks
- Advanced form of setuid().
- This allows servers with appropriate privileges
- to act as a surrogate for a client so that work
- can safely be performed on behalf of that client.
-
- RPC
- DCE support
- OLE integrated with RPC
- RPC has corresponding LPC
-
- All system API calls that take strings, take UNICODE strings.
- (ANSI wrappers are provided.)
-
- NTFS
- (Note: NTFS has all features of HPFS, NT has FAT and HPFS too.)
-
- Fast Recovery (CHKDSK gigabyte volumes in a few seconds.)
- High Reliability
- Hard Links
- Case-Sensitive Filenames
- Automatic 8.3 names
- NTFS supports both long names and short ones.
- The short one is generated automatically
- if the long one it does not fit the 8.3 pattern.
- This is done so that DOS apps can see long-named
- files too. In effect, a file has TWO names, one
- long and one short.
- ACLS
- UPS support.
- UNICODE file names.
-
- Volume Striping(RAID 0) (Not just for NTFS)
-
- Multimedia
- Audio
- Waveform
- MIDI
- CD-source
- Media Control Interface.
- High-speed file streaming.
- Async event controllable.
-
- Networking
- TCP/IP
- Peer-peer file and printer sharing.
- Ability to support multiple vendors as transports
- w/common admin.
- Good network admin facilities.
- SNMP
- # Berkeley sockets (WinSock compliant).
- Named pipes.
- (Both NT and OS/2 GA have non-networked ones.)
- Event logging.
- (Both NT and OS/2 GA have this in non-networked form.)
-
- Fast Hyper-text Help System. (OS/2's is much slower.)
- I've used both, NT's is faster, though it
- has less features than OS/2's.
- NT's is of course a variant of Windows 3.1's
- help program (which is different from
- the Windows 3.0 one).
-
- Developers provided with a common installation program.
-
- More SuperVGA drivers.
-
- An NT user can change their initial environment without
- having to reboot for it to take effect.
- Under NT if a user want to do the equivalent of
- changing their PATH environment in config.sys,
- they go to the Control Panel, make the edit,
- then logout and back in again. This is
- much faster than waiting through a reboot.
- # (Yes, both can change individual command
- line environments from the command line,
- this is not nearly the same thing. For example
- it does not affect programs launched from the GUI.)
-
- Has seamless support for 16-bit Windows apps on XGA and 8514 displays.
-
-
- OS/2 2.0 will add the following in the Fall.
-
- Slim-down such that it will properly fit in 4 megs.
-
- Ship its DDK (actually DAK Device Adaptation Kits).
-
- Probably will pass NT in SuperVGA support.
-
- Catch up to NT by having Windows 3.1 support.
-
- Catch up to NT by adding a 32-bit graphics engine.
-
- Catch up to NT by allowing 32-bit drivers.
-
- Catch up to NT by having seamless support of 16-bit Windows
- apps with XGA and 8514 displays.
-
-
- Windows NT will add the following in the Fall.
-
- Catch-up to OS/2 in 16-bit Windows 3.0 compatibility.
-
- Smarter, easier to use OLE (first step toward Cairo).
-
- POSIX (1003.1 -- the system calls)
-
- Tape API
-
- Win32s (Run NT programs under Windows 3.1)
-
- NTFS
- Symlinks
- Sparse Files
-
- Ship its DDK.
-
-
- OS/2 will add the following in 4Q92 or 1Q93:
-
- Pen API (possibly as an add-on).
-
- NT will add the following in 4Q92 or 1Q93:
-
- Catch up to OS/2 by actually being released.
-
- NT will add sometime in 1993:
-
- Support for OS/2 1.X Presentation Manager applications.
-
- OS/2 will add the following near October 1993:
-
- C2 and B1 security (RACF).
- Apparently there is a procedure called a PRPQ that
- allows you to get it now. It is not yet certified.
-
- Windows NT will add the following sometime in 1994:
-
- Cairo
- Cairo combines an OO shell (has a similar flavor to WPS)
- with an OO file system and OO networking. Publicly
- available details are sketchy. Prototypes have been
- demoed to a lucky few.
-
- Cairo will also have a BASIC-based, object oriented,
- visual, scripting/batch language.
-
- ***********
-
- The lists below are of features in add-on packages.
-
- ***********
-
- LAN Manager for Windows NT (Available at the time of NT's release)
- RAID 5
- Mirroring
- System admin tools for support of a site up to 50,000 nodes.
-
- Remote booting (Diskless/dataless workstations)
- Remote maintenance support.
- This was demoed at the NT conference. The administrator
- on one machine sent a single command that told another
- machine it was to get a new version of the OS.
- The other machine told its user that it was about to
- shutdown... shutdown, accepted the new OS, rebooted.
- All without manual intervention on the client side.
- Cost: Unknown
-
- OS/2 Multimedia (Available now)
- [(As far as I can tell from the feature list descriptions
- the only feature below without an analog in NT is the
- "Multimedia Data Converter Applet".
-
- @ Further discussions with someone inside IBM shows that OS/2 has
- MM synchronization features not found in NT. (No earth-shakers
- but they make things easier.) Also NT has a slight lead
- in that they handle limited video, but OS/2 has better video
- facilities in currently in beta. In general the two are definitely
- quite similar feature-wise. ]
-
- Amp/Mixer Support
- CD Digital Audio Support
- MIDI Sequencing and Synthesizer support
- Media Control Interface Support
- Multimedia I/O Manager
- Multimedia drivers cross over into DOS and Windows support.
- Synchronization/Streaming API
- Videodisc control
- Waveform Audio Support
-
- Applets
- MM Setup
- Multimedia Data Converter Applet
- Player Applets
- Volume Control
- Cost: $149
-
-
- OS/2 LAN Server 2.0 Entry Package (Available now)
- (As far as I can tell from the feature list, NT's base package
- has most of this + Local security + better RPC - (possibly)
- remote booting for clients, so let's call it even.)
-
- UPS support
- User Profile Management
- Error logging facility
- Remote booting
- Domains
- Limited RPC
- According to PC-Week does not have peer-to-peer abilities.
- Cost: $795
-
- OS/2 LAN Server 2.0 Advanced Package (Not available for OS/2 2.0 yet)
- (Includes features of Entry Package above.)
- Local security
- Remote maintenance support
- higher throughput.
- Fault tolerance (disk duplexing and disk mirroring)
- Cost: $2,295
-
- OS/2 LAN Sever 3.0 (Due by year end)
- (Of course all the features from above)
- Clients can do peer-to-peer file and printer sharing.
- Has user or share level security (similar
- to LAN Server Entry's security).
- Support for running LAN Server over TCP/IP.
- Advanced version works under 2.0.
- Cost: Unknown
-
- @Asymmetric multiprocessing support for OS/2 2.0 (Due by year end)
- Will start being bundled in October with PS/2 model 295's.
- Available in more a generic form in December.
-
-
- OTHER ADD-ONS
-
- IBM seems to have more specialized add-ons available for OS/2 2.0 than
- I am willing to type in. Please just assume that in terms of such add-on
- features NT will be behind for a while.
- Examples: X, Extended Services, Database Server, etc.
-
-
- RESOURCE USAGE
-
- Memory
- If you add OS/2 2.0's memory requirements for the
- base package + TCP/IP base + MM + LAN Server Entry you get:
- 6 + 1 + 1 + 3 = 11 megs. NT currently requires 12 and is
- targeted to use 8 megs. Thus I contend neither has
- a real edge in memory usage when counting relevant add-ons.
-
- Disk Space
- Currently OS/2 2.0 base package + TCP/IP + MM + LAN Server
- Entry Package requires more disk space than NT does, this
- is unfair to OS/2 though as NT has some of it's help
- files missing (or not fleshed out). Basically it is too
- early to say anything useful here.
-
-
- RELEVANT LIST PRICES
-
- NT list price < $500. (Source: NT dev conf, InfoWorld)
-
-
- OS/2 2.0 list price $195 (Src: Programmer's connection)
- OS/2 2.0 Multimedia add-on*** $149 (Source: product announcement
- posted to USENET.)
- OS2/ TCP/IP Base Kit** $200 (Source: product announcement
- found on ftp-os2.)
- OS/2 LAN Server 2.0 Entry Package* $795 (Source: press release
- found on CompuServe.)
- Total OS/2 2.0 (near-NT cnfg)****$1,339
-
- **** This configuration is of course not 100% equivalent.
- This OS/2 configuration has REXX, truly excellent VDMs, and the WPS, etc
- over NT's base package. NT has numerous extra OS-type features, Logons,
- an e-mail API, Symmetric multiprocessing, NTFS, etc over the OS/2
- configuration. All in all though I believe if there is error in calling
- this a "near-NT cnfg", then I'm giving the break to OS/2, so
- hopefully the OS/2 people can accept this cost comparison, however
- painful it may be for them to do so.
-
- *** OS/2's and Windows NT Multimedia support seem to be equivalent.
- I have only seen OS/2's MM feature list though, so feel free to
- correct this if you've seen both.
-
- ** OS/2 2.0's TCP/IP Base Kit contains more programs
- than comes with NT. (NT comes with only "client" programs.)
- However programming OS/2's TCP/IP requires a $500 programmers
- toolkit, and this ability comes with NT's SDK for free. Thus
- I pretend it's an even swap. Obviously for some, even many users
- this isn't the case. As NT has Berkeley sockets I suspect
- that freeware based on Berkeley's daemons will soon appear and make
- even this a moot point.
-
- * Windows NT's networking features (beyond TCP/IP) are roughly equivalent
- to the OS/2 LAN Server 2.0 "Entry Package". Here I only have access to
- a features list, so if you have experience with both please
- jump in.
-
-
-
- PLEASE READ BEFORE RESPONDING
-
- I hope to keep this thread having a high information content level.
- If you feel the need to bash either OS using this list, please do
- so in a separate thread. People bashing in this thread will be ignored.
-
- If you have correction/additions/deletetions please jump right in. If
- you're not sure and/or don't want to suggest it publicly, e-mail me...
- I have access to nearly all the available docs for OS/2 and NT.
-
- If you know of a feature that one or the other will add in the future AND
- you have a time frame. Send it and the time frame along. Time frames
- should be no further out than the end of '94, and preferably before
- the end of '93. Please specify the source of the information.
-
- @
- Time frames do not have to be exact, make-it-or-we'll-die shipping dates.
- They need to be a date official and firm enough that if the company
- involved misses by more than 50% more time, then they will be embarrassed.
- For example the "June" in "June" CSD clearly qualifies.
- This date while not "official", was well publicized and openly encouraged
- by IBM officials as a time frame for the CSD.
-
- To avoid things getting entirely out of hand please restrict things
- to the systems level sorts of stuff. For example servers such
- as the OS/2 DataBase Server 2.0 are not strictly speaking OS features.
- Unfortunately, these things are hard to define as PC OS's regularly muddy
- radition lines in this area. Also, things from third-parties don't count.
-
- Corrections of grammar, spelling, etc are welcomed.
-
- Brian
- --
- C. Brian Sturgill *** OS/2 2.0 is for YOU! ***
- University of Utah Microsoft needs some competition, but
- Center for Software Science -I- want to be one of the many using NT.
- brian@cs.utah.edu; CIS: 70363,1373 :-) :-) :-)
-