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- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Path: sparky!uunet!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!galois!euclid!jbaez
- From: jbaez@euclid.mit.edu (John C. Baez)
- Subject: Re: Order-of-Magnitude problems
- Message-ID: <1992Aug17.194708.19076@galois.mit.edu>
- Sender: news@galois.mit.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: euclid
- Organization: MIT Department of Mathematics, Cambridge, MA
- References: <1992Aug15.105735.19350@midway.uchicago.edu> <1992Aug17.162216.9332@amhux2.amherst.edu>
- Date: Mon, 17 Aug 92 19:47:08 GMT
- Lines: 27
-
- In article <1992Aug17.162216.9332@amhux2.amherst.edu> jkwatson@amhux1.amherst.edu (John K. Watson '92) writes:
- >Rob Salgado (sal7@ellis.uchicago.edu) wrote:
- >: In trying to improve my physical intuition, I've been doing lots
- >: of Order-Of-Magnitude (Back-Of-The-Envelope) problems.
- >: ...but I'm stumped by the following:
- >:
- >: Use the uncertainty principle to compute how long an ordinary
- >: lead pencil can be balanced upside down on its point.
- >: [QM: Das/Melissinos p. 53]
- >: Any ideas?
-
- Guess the length L and mass m of a pencil. Suppose the top is an angle theta
- away from the vertical, and suppose it is falling over at some angular
- velocity v. Then it will fall over and hit the table at some time
- t(theta, v). I leave it to someone else to work out an an approximation
- to this function t(theta,v) that is okay for small theta and v. The
- real answer will probably involve elliptic integrals, since they show up
- in the formula for the period of a pendulum, but I think one should be
- able to get a good-enough answer without resorting to these. Okay, now
- minimize t(theta,v) subject to the constraint
-
- m theta v L = hbar
-
- This constraint comes from the uncertainty principle: one can't know the
- angle theta and the angular momentum m v L to accuracy better than hbar.
- Of course the angular momentum is not exactly m v L but that's close
- enough for this sort of thing.
-