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- Path: sparky!uunet!destroyer!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!news.unomaha.edu!cwis!schlegel
- From: schlegel@cwis.unomaha.edu (Mark Schlegel)
- Subject: Re: tensors
- Message-ID: <schlegel.714343318@cwis>
- Sender: news@news.unomaha.edu (UNO Network News Server)
- Organization: University of Nebraska at Omaha
- References: <1992Aug20.190041.6215@pellns.alleg.edu>
- Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 20:41:58 GMT
- Lines: 47
-
- frisinv@alleg.edu writes:
-
- > I was reading a book on general relativity and the author began talking
- >about tensor analysis, something I'd never heard of. I get the feeling
- >tensors are some sort of number, but I'm not sure. Could anyone enlighten
- >me as to what they are and how to use them?
- >----
- >Vince
-
- Tensors are very useful in physics and are generally the next level of
- complexity beyond vectors. The simplest tensors are those of second rank
- which contain nine terms (usually scalars and vectors are not called tensors
- but they do belong to the tensor family) usually the name "tensor" refers
- to those of rank 2 and above but tensors generally as a class also
- contain scalars and vectors like this:
-
- a tensor has 3^N terms where N is the rank number
-
- tensors of zero order contain 3^rank terms --> or 3^0 = 1 term
- which signifies only magnitude this is a SCALAR
-
- tensors of rank one contain 3^1 terms = 3 terms --> a VECTOR which symbolizes
- a magnitude and direction
-
- tensors of rank two, ---> 9 terms
- rank three --> 27 and so on
-
-
- an interesting example of a second rank tensor occurs in solid state physics,
- the tensor that describes the stresses in three dimensions including the
- stress normal to and perpendicular to an area is the stress tensor
-
- Pxx is the pressure in the x direction on a surface normal to the x direction
- term while Pxy is the shear in the y direction perpendicular to the x direction
- so this tensor can be written
-
- Pxx Pxy Pxz the P's are forces per unit area
-
- Pyx Pyy Pyz
-
- Pzx Pzy Pzz this is written in the form of a matrix
- (3 by 3)
-
- General Rel. uses even higher order tensors than the second order, however
- frequently many of the terms are zero.
-
- Mark Schlegel
-