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- Path: sparky!uunet!comp.vuw.ac.nz!waikato.ac.nz!canterbury.ac.nz!math!wft
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: re: Puzzles
- Message-ID: <1992Aug13.130820.313@csc.canterbury.ac.nz>
- From: wft@math.canterbury.ac.nz (Bill Taylor)
- Date: 13 Aug 92 13:08:16 +1200
- Distribution: world
- Organization: Department of Mathematics, University of Canterbury
- Nntp-Posting-Host: math.canterbury.ac.nz
- Lines: 83
-
- Firstly, thanks to John Baez for his excellent and intriguing post (as always).
-
- I personally thought it was fascinating to see how EVERY FINITE STRING of
- digits can appear at the beginning of a number of the form 2^n. I fully
- approve of John Baez's polite but dismissive rebuttal of the suggestion
- that it was *merely* a trivial consequence of a density-of-reals result,
- (though this observation was also interesting).
-
- Puzzle # 1, "SMOOTH SHARP CORNERS?", was a lot of fun, and I have already
- posted my solution to that.
-
- Puzzle # 2, "THE COMPLEXITY BARRIER", was fascinating too, and interesting to
- see in this form. [ I dimly recall seeing this result before, but can't think
- how the proof goes now. I haven't checked my references before posting; of
- course I should've, but why be different from 90% of all posters :-) ]
-
- Anyway, I thought I'd send in a few idle musings on this subject, though
- they'll mainly come under the heading of SILLY REMARKS. Still, they might amuse.
- ---
-
- John presents the Almost-Paradox
-
- [A-P] (1) it is provable that "for almost all n, P(n)".
- (2) for any particular N, it is not provable that "P(N)".
-
- In this case, P(n) is the statement that n cannot be produced by a program
- of length <= E. E is unspecified, but a value can be calculated (in principle).
-
- Now my first reaction to this meta-theorem is that it's clearly not true
- unless the "any particular N" in (2) is a bit more closely specified.
- For instance, it follows from (1) that we can define a unique number M, by
- M = smallest positive integer requiring a program of length > E.
-
- Now this (unambiguously defined) M satisfies P, (by definition).
- Shades of "the smallest uninteresting number" !
- However most people would rightly consider this to be a bit of a cheat.
- So it looks like the N in (2) should be restricted by e.g. the requirement that
- it be presented in numeral form. Of course to actually *make* this presentation
- is going to require a huge amount of paper (or whatever), so the meta-theorem
- is already starting to look a little less startling; unless.....
-
- [Question 1] ....can any less restrictive condition than "N in numeral form"
- ~~~~~~~~~~~ be used in (2), that will preserve the truth of [A-P] ?
-
- This relates to the whole grisly matter of when is an integer "properly
- specified", which continues to bedevil metamathematics (for instance, the
- number F which = 9 if FLT is false, and 8 if true). Though many people would
- probably say F is not "really" defined properly (yet), at least we know it
- a lot more accurately than the "better"-defined M above !
-
- Anyway, I would also like to see an answer to
-
- [Question 2] What is a good value for E ?
- ~~~~~~~~~~~ (I don't recall seeing an answer posted; I can't even guess at it.)
-
- [Question 3] Are there any "more natural" properties P, to which [A-P] applies ?
- ~~~~~~~~~~~ i.e. more traditionally mathematical than the logico-computing
- property P given above.
-
-
- As a final bit of nonsensical musing on [A-P] as given; I got into the
- following grand wild goose chase. I was trying to
- imagine finding a number G, such that we could be reasonably sure (short of
- a proof), that *all* numbers greater than G would need programs of length > E.
-
- Clearly it would have to be at least as large as 10^n, where n also had
- this property (or nearly had it). This means in turn it would have to be
- larger than 10^10^...^10, with 10^n exponentiations. This in turn would
- mean that it would have to be........ (getting well into Ackerman's function)
-
- Indeed, there's no end to the quest, seemingly, short of irreparable brain
- damage. It would be nice to see a reasonable answer to Question 2, though.
- It presumably would have some bearing on this wild goose chase.
-
- ----
- Thanks again John, for a fun post.
-
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- Bill Taylor wft@math.canterbury.ac.nz
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- Well, I believe in solipsism, but that's just one man's opinion.
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