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- │ UNIVERSAL PRODUCT CODES │
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-
- Almost everyone is now familiar with the "bar codes" that
- are found on most products you buy, from frozen TV dinners
- to the Wall Street Journal newspaper. If you are developing
- a product that you will be selling in retail channels, it
- is virtually imperative that you know about these bar codes,
- the Universal Product Code (UPC) system, and take steps
- early to make sure that your product's packaging will
- include an appropriate UPC on the label.
-
- UPC is a system that allows retailers and wholesalers to
- uniquely identify the millions of different products, from
- thousands of different suppliers or manufacturers, that are
- sold, delivered, and warehoused through the wholesale and
- retail distribution system. UPC provides a highly accurate
- and economical means of keeping track of inventories, the
- flow of goods, and of automating the cash register checkout
- process at the point of sale.
-
- UPC codes were initially developed for the grocery industry
- to speed up and capture sales data at supermarket checkout
- counters, when laser scanners were introduced that could
- read such bar codes. The UPC system has been a great
- success, in helping distributors keep track of their
- inventories, track sales by type of product, quantify
- "shrinkage," and greatly speeding up the movement of
- customers through the checkout line bottleneck, so that
- the UPC system has now been adopted by department stores,
- specialty stores of all types, and by commercial and
- industrial companies of many kinds.
-
- Every UPC bar code has three parts:
-
- . A six-digit I.D. number for your company;
-
- . A unique five-digit product number for each
- product (including each different product size)
- offered by your company; and
-
- . A single twelfth digit that is a check number, to
- help confirm that the other digits are correct.
-
- Thus, if you sell 4 different products, each of which comes
- in a "regular size" and a "giant economy size" package, you
- would need to assign 8 unique five-digit codes to each of
- the 8 different packages. Each bar code would have the
- same six-digit identification code for your company,
- however.
-
- The UPC system is not run by the government, but is
- instead maintained by the Uniform Code Council, a private
- organization and information center for all manufacturers,
- retailers and distributors who wish to participate in the
- UPC system. The Council, which develops standard product
- and shipping container codes, is the sole organization that
- issues UPC codes and maintains the information base on all
- such codes.
-
- If you are developing a product for retail and you want to
- imprint it with a UPC, you will need to join the Uniform
- Code Council and obtain a UPC identification number for
- your business. Since it will take a bit of time to join,
- obtain a number, and learn how to apply the UPC bar codes
- to your product, you should apply to the Council and begin
- working on putting a UPC code on your product well before
- the time you plan to first begin shipping the product.
-
- The Council can also provide you information on how to go
- about creating and using UPC's for your various products.
- While a UPC is not yet an absolute necessity, it is
- becoming more and more difficult all the time for a small
- company to get its products on the shelves of large
- distributors or retailers if the products do not have UPC
- codes. Most large companies do not want to be bothered
- with non-UPC labeled products, since all of their systems
- for managing and accounting for products that they handle
- or sell are now mostly based on use of the UPC, via laser
- scanning technology.
-
- For information on Universal Product Codes, you should
- contact:
-
- Uniform Code Council, Inc.
- 8163 Old Yankee Rd., Suite J
- Dayton, OH 45458
- (513) 435-3870
-