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- .. < chapter lxxv 17 THE RIGHT WHALE'S HEAD--CONTRASTED VIEW >
-
- Crossing the
- deck, let us now have a good long look at the Right Whale's head. As in
- general shape the noble Sperm Whale's head may be compared to a Roman
- war-chariot (especially in front, where it is so broadly rounded); so, at a
- broad view, the Right Whale's head bears a rather inelegant resemblance to a
- gigantic galliot-toed shoe. Two hundred years ago an old Dutch voyager
- likened its shape to that of a shoemaker's last. And in this same last or
- shoe, that old woman of the nursery tale, with the swarming brood, might
- very comfortably be lodged, she and all her progeny. But as you come nearer
- to this great head it begins to assume different aspects, according to your
- point of view. If you stand on its summit and look at these two f-shaped
- spout-holes, you would take the whole head for an enormous bass-viol, and
- these
- .. <p 332 >
- spiracles, the apertures in its sounding-board. Then, again, if you fix your
- eye upon this strange, crested, comb-like incrustation on the top of the mass
- --this green, barnacled thing, which the Greenlanders call the crown, and
- the Southern fishers the bonnet of the Right Whale; fixing your eyes solely
- on this, you would take the head for the trunk of some huge oak, with a
- bird's nest in its crotch. At any rate, when you watch those live crabs that
- nestle here on this bonnet, such an idea will be almost sure to occur to you;
-
- unless, indeed, your fancy has been fixed by the technical term crown also
- bestowed upon it; in which case you will take great interest in thinking how
- this mighty monster is actually a diademed king of the sea, whose green
- crown has been put together for him in this marvellous manner. But if this
- whale be a king, he is a very sulky looking fellow to grace a diadem. Look
- at that hanging lower lip! what a huge sulk and pout is there! a sulk and
- pout, by carpenter's measurement, about twenty feet long and five feet deep;
- a sulk and pout that will yield you some 500 gallons of oil and more. A great
- pity, now, that this unfortunate whale should be hare-lipped. The fissure is
- about a foot across. Probably the mother during an important interval was
- sailing down the Peruvian coast, when earthquakes caused the beach to gape.
- Over this lip, as over a slippery threshold, we now slide into the mouth.
- Upon my word were I at Mackinaw, I should take this to be the inside of an
- Indian wigwam. Good Lord! is this the road that Jonah went? The roof is
- about twelve feet high, and runs to a pretty sharp angle, as if there were a
- regular ridge-pole there; while these ribbed, arched, hairy sides, present us
- with those wondrous, half vertical, scimetar-shaped slats of whale-bone, say
- three hundred on a side, which depending from the upper part of the head or
- crown bone, form those Venetian blinds which have elsewhere been cursorily
- mentioned. The edges of these bones are fringed with hairy fibres, through
- which the Right Whale strains the water, and in whose intricacies he retains
- the small fish, when open-mouthed he goes through the seas of brit in feeding
- time. In the central blinds of bone, as they stand in their natural order,
- there are certain curious marks, curves, hollows, and ridges, whereby some
- whalemen calculate
- .. <p 333 >
- the creature's age, as the age of an oak by its circular rings. Though the
- certainty of this criterion is far from demonstrable, yet it has the savor of
- analogical probability. At any rate, if we yield to it, we must grant a far
- greater age to the Right Whale than at first glance will seem reasonable. In
- old times, there seem to have prevailed the most curious fancies concerning
- these blinds. One voyager in Purchas calls them the wondrous whiskers
- inside of the whale's mouth; another, hogs' bristles; a third old gentleman
- in Hackluyt uses the following elegant language: There are about two hundred
-
- and fifty fins growing on each side of his upper chop, which arch over his
- tongue on each side of his mouth. As every one knows, these same hogs'
- bristles, fins, whiskers, blinds, or whatever you please, furnish to
- the ladies their busks and other stiffening contrivances. But in this
- particular, the demand has long been on the decline. It was in Queen Anne's
- time that the bone was in its glory, the farthingale being then all the
- fashion. And as those ancient dames moved about gaily, though in the jaws of
- the whale, as you may say; even so, in a shower, with the like
- thoughtlessness, do we nowadays fly under the same jaws for protection; the
- umbrella being a tent spread over the same bone. But now forget all about
- blinds and whiskers for a moment, and, standing in the Right Whale's mouth,
- look around you afresh. Seeing all these colonnades of bone so methodically
- ranged about, would you not think you were inside the great Haarlem organ,
- and gazing upon its thousand pipes? For a carpet to the organ we have a rug
- of the softest Turkey --the tongue, which is glued, as it were, to the floor of
- the mouth. It is very fat and tender, and apt to tear in pieces in hoisting
- it on deck. This particular tongue now before us; at a passing glance I
- should say it was a six-barreler; that is, it will yield you about that
- amount of oil. Ere this, you must have plainly seen the truth of what I
- .. <p 334 >
- started with --that the Sperm Whale and the Right Whale have almost entirely
- different heads. To sum up, then; in the Right Whale's there is no great
- well of sperm; no ivory teeth at all; no long, slender mandible of a lower
- jaw, like the Sperm Whale's. Nor in the Sperm Whale are there any of those
- blinds of bone; no huge lower lip; and scarcely anything of a tongue. Again,
-
- the Right Whale has two external spout-holes, the Sperm Whale only one.
- Look your last, now, on these venerable hooded heads, while they yet lie
- together; for one will soon sink, unrecorded, in the sea; the other will not
- be very long in following. Can you catch the expression of the Sperm Whale's
- there? It is the same he died with, only some of the longer wrinkles in the
- forehead seem now faded away. I think his broad brow to be full of a
- prairie-like placidity, born of a speculative indifference as to death.
- But mark the other head's expression. See that amazing lower lip, pressed by
- accident against the vessel's side, so as firmly to embrace the jaw. Does
- not this whole head seem to speak of an enormous practical resolution in
- facing death? This Right Whale I take to have been a Stoic; the Sperm
- Whale, a Platonian, who might have taken up Spinoza in his latter years.
- .. <p 333n. >
- This reminds us that the Right Whale really has a sort of whisker, or rather
- a moustache, consisting of a few scattered white hairs on the upper part of
- the outer end of the lower jaw. Sometimes these tufts impart a rather
- brigandish expression to his otherwise solemn countenance.
- .. <p 334 >
-