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- Newsgroups: rec.puzzles
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- From: jerryd@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Jerry Donovan)
- Subject: Re: RAAARRGGHH!!!! not again!
- Sender: news@boi.hp.com (News Server Project)
- Message-ID: <C1GynH.6JF@boi.hp.com>
- Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1993 16:18:52 GMT
- Reply-To: jerryd@hpgrla.gr.hp.com
- References: <C1GuHw.zuF@austin.ibm.com>
- Organization: Hewlett-Packard, Greeley Colorado
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- Lines: 51
-
- : >Birth order? No one mentioned age here. The question was, that given one
- : >girl, what are the chances of the other also being a girl. Given a uniform
- : >distribution, that means for 1-child families, P(girl) = P(boy) = 0.5
- : >Therefore, given that one child is a girl, the chance that the other child
- : >is a boy, is 0.5, same as if it were a girl. Try this analogy, and you'll see
- : >what's wrong with your answer.
- :
- : >You are throwing 2 consecutive dice. The first one turns up a six. What is
- : >the chance of the second also being a six. It's easy to see that because dice
- : >have no memory, the chance is also 1/6. Now, following your line of reasoning,
- : >there are 36 different ways to throw the dice. Because 1 six already has
- : >been thrown this leaves 11 combinations, one of which is a double six.
- : >So, according to you, you only have 1/11 chance of throwing a second six.
- : >Clearly this is dead wrong.
- :
- : >--Ralph
- : Ralph, you are dead wrong. Let's look closer at your dice analogy to see why.
- : To compare the dice problem to the boy/girl problem, you need to toss the
- : dice a bunch of times and write the results down and put them in a hat.
- : This is because the two children are already born, and we're not saying
- : that if a woman has given birth to a girl, and is pregnant, what is the
- : probability that the next child is a girl. We're saying that both children
- : have been born and you see one of them on the street, you don't know which
- : child). You see a girl, what's the probability the other is a girl.
- :
- : Back to the dice... Roll two dice 100 times. Get 100 pieces of paper and
- : write the results of the first die on one side and write the results
- : of the second die on the other side of the piece of paper. Put all the
- : pieces of paper in a hat. Now pick a piece of paper out of the hat.
- : You see a six on the piece of paper, what is the probability that the
- : other side has a six? IT IS 1/11!!!!!!!
-
- If you assume that birth order is important, and add the fact that you don't
- know which child was born first, I'd agree with you. But birth order isn't
- mentioned in the puzzle. You do know the order you see the child, so the
- first child seen is the first child, and the unknown child is the second
- one. With this view, the answer is one-half. If you assume birth order
- is important then the answer is one-third. Those answering one-third have
- read more into the puzzle than was written.
-
- As for dice, roll two dice without looking (under a box or something).
- Pull out a die. It doesn't matter which die came to rest first or
- even was rolled first. You see a six. What are the odds that the other is
- a six? (1/6) This simulation more closely reflects the question posed this
- time. If the question was that one of the dice was a six, what's the other
- one, then the answer is different, namely the one mentioned above.
-
- (More of a puzzle in poor english and miscommunication than probabilities.)
-
- Jerry Donovan
- I wonder what the person doing the FAQ is going to put in there.
-