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- From: rsd@sei.cmu.edu (Richard S D'Ippolito)
- Subject: Re: wiring diagram
- Message-ID: <1993Jan22.131754.25586@sei.cmu.edu>
- Sender: netnews@sei.cmu.edu (Netnews)
- Organization: The Software Engineering Institute
- References: <90533@ncratl.AtlantaGA.NCR.COM>
- Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 13:17:54 EST
- Lines: 71
-
-
- In article <90533@ncratl.AtlantaGA.NCR.COM>, Harris Roth writes:
-
- >Would someone please post or email the wiring diagram for a light controlled
- >by three switches. I know that the circuit requires two - 3 way switches and
- >one - 4 way switch. What I'm not sure of is the wiring and how the internal
- >workings of the switches allow any switch to turn the light on or off.
-
- Sigh...a 3-way switch is really a 3-connection switch and a 4-way has four
- wires. How they got those misleading names are beyond me, but I see that
- some manufacturers are renaming them. Rant at electricians' terminology
- aside, I'll try to draw them:
-
- WIRING DIAGRAM
-
- --- black --- black ---
- black | |-----------| |-----------| | black
- -----| 3 | | 4 | | 3 |--------
- from | |-----------| |-----------| | |
- breaker --- red --- red --- O light(s)
- |
- --------------------------------------------------
- white white
-
- (1) (A) (2) (B) (3) (C) (4)
-
-
- Assuming a 15 A feed, cables (1) and (4) are 14/2; cables (2) and (3) are
- 14/3. Switches (A) and (C) are "3-way", really single-pole-double-throw
- (1P2T) and the center switch (B) is "4-way", really double-pole-double-throw
- (2P2T). Note that you carry the return (white) wire (and, of course, the
- bare ground) through to the lights. You can add any number of 2P2T switches
- in the middle (including zero, but more on that later) to get control from
- any number of locations! (Use #12 wire for 20 Amp circuits.)
-
- Schematically, it's much harder to represent. A 1P2T switch looks like this:
-
- o----- b
- /
- a ----o
-
- o----- c
-
- shown with terminal 'a' connected to terminal 'b'. Toggling it connects 'a'
- to 'c'. (A standard switch has only 'a' and 'b', so the 'off' position
- connects 'a' to nothing.)
-
- A 2P2T looks like this in one position:
-
- a ----o - o-----b
-
- c ----o - o-----d
-
- where 'a' connects to 'b' and 'c' connects to 'd'. In the other position
- the connections are a-d and c-b:
-
- a ----o o-----b
- X
- c ----o o-----d
-
- Go back to the first drawing and you will see that switch (A) puts the
- voltage on either the black or red line and switch (C) puts the lights on
- either of them. If they are the same and there is no center switch (a
- typical 3-way circuit), the lights will be on -- different and the lights
- are off. The center switch adds a new control by allowing you to complete
- or break a path regardless of the positions of the two outside (line and
- load) switches. I hope that it is clear how it works with any number of
- 2P2T switches, including zero!
-
- Rich
-
-