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- Xref: sparky comp.ai.philosophy:7373 sci.philosophy.tech:4938
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- From: chandra@cis.ohio-state.edu (B Chandrasekaran)
- Newsgroups: comp.ai.philosophy,sci.philosophy.tech
- Subject: Re: Searle on animal consciousness
- Date: 24 Jan 1993 20:15:33 -0500
- Organization: The Ohio State University Dept. of Computer and Info. Science
- Lines: 44
- Message-ID: <1jvevlINN4va@cannelloni.cis.ohio-state.edu>
- References: <1993Jan24.024230.5977@sophia.smith.edu> <1juactINN4ph@cannelloni.cis.ohio-state.edu> <1993Jan24.213358.10067@sophia.smith.edu>
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- In article <1993Jan24.213358.10067@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
- >In article <1juactINN4ph@cannelloni.cis.ohio-state.edu> chandra@cis.ohio-state.edu (B Chandrasekaran) writes:
- >>In article <1993Jan24.024230.5977@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
- >>>Searle says that "it seems to me a well-attested empirical fact
- >>>that dogs are conscious." [The Rediscovery of the Mind, p.74.]
- >>
- >>Well, do you think dogs feel pain when you, say, cut them with a razor
- >>blade without anesthetics? It seems that they generally give lots of
- >>incontrovertible evidence of being in pain when something like this
- >>happens.
- >
- > I agree: dogs, perhaps even spiders, feel pain. But the situation
- >is not so clear to me with other aspects of mental life. Do they have
- >desires? Do they have beliefs? Do they recall the distant past?
- >Do they have streams of consciousness?
-
- That is a different question. You are no longer asking if dogs are
- conscious, but about the complexity of and variety of the objects of
- their consciousness (and the expressiveness of th language in which
- these objects are represented). I haven't read Searles' book, but
- from what you said about it it seems that all he is saying is that
- dogs are conscious.
-
- Now, actually we have to get our terminology straight if we want to
- answer questions like, "Do dogs have beliefs?". Using the Knowledge
- Level talk of Newell, certainly we can attribute beliefs to dogs, as
- in: "Why does your dog keep going into the garage?" "Oh, he
- believes the food bowl is there. He hasn't figured out that I have
- moved it to the backyard." In my view this is not just a fanciful
- way of talking about dogs, but a perfectly reasonable stance towards
- dogs as cognitive agents. Both goals and knowledge can be attributed
- to them.
-
- BTW, having beliefs (or behaving such that beliefs are attributable to
- one) is not sufficient for consciousness. One can behave as if one
- believes A without being aware that one believes A. Often,
- psychoanalysis brings out hidden fears and beliefs that control our
- actions, but we are not aware of them. Of course we are often aware
- of desires and beliefs as well, but that doesn't seem to a defining
- characteristic of consciousness. The content of consciousness in
- humans is much more expressive of course, which certainly gives human
- consciousness a qualitative difference. But having goals (which is
- the same as desires, I think) and knowledge (or beliefs) is orthogonal
- to being conscious, I think.
-